全文获取类型
收费全文 | 18532篇 |
免费 | 2279篇 |
国内免费 | 3650篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 1173篇 |
大气科学 | 2738篇 |
地球物理 | 3652篇 |
地质学 | 9581篇 |
海洋学 | 2561篇 |
天文学 | 1885篇 |
综合类 | 1113篇 |
自然地理 | 1758篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 139篇 |
2023年 | 373篇 |
2022年 | 849篇 |
2021年 | 1108篇 |
2020年 | 966篇 |
2019年 | 1032篇 |
2018年 | 1194篇 |
2017年 | 1127篇 |
2016年 | 1129篇 |
2015年 | 873篇 |
2014年 | 1077篇 |
2013年 | 1150篇 |
2012年 | 1111篇 |
2011年 | 1217篇 |
2010年 | 1132篇 |
2009年 | 1063篇 |
2008年 | 1000篇 |
2007年 | 1050篇 |
2006年 | 931篇 |
2005年 | 520篇 |
2004年 | 434篇 |
2003年 | 485篇 |
2002年 | 555篇 |
2001年 | 528篇 |
2000年 | 393篇 |
1999年 | 375篇 |
1998年 | 292篇 |
1997年 | 314篇 |
1996年 | 258篇 |
1995年 | 256篇 |
1994年 | 237篇 |
1993年 | 183篇 |
1992年 | 166篇 |
1991年 | 111篇 |
1990年 | 96篇 |
1989年 | 111篇 |
1988年 | 79篇 |
1987年 | 64篇 |
1986年 | 57篇 |
1985年 | 46篇 |
1984年 | 42篇 |
1983年 | 42篇 |
1982年 | 41篇 |
1981年 | 26篇 |
1980年 | 24篇 |
1979年 | 30篇 |
1978年 | 17篇 |
1977年 | 17篇 |
1975年 | 22篇 |
1973年 | 17篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
901.
Halocyprid ostracods are appreciable part of ostracods floating through virtually everywhere in marine environment.In this study,we describe a new species of genus Polyconchoecia Xiang,Chen and Du,2018,tribe Conchoeciini Chavtur and Angel,2011,family Halocyprididae Dana,1853 from the middle of the South China Sea.Polyconchoecia chenii sp.nov.is very close to P.commixtus Xiang,Chen and Du,2018.But it differs from P.commixtus by the distinctions of locations of major glands of carapace and the characteristics of appendages:more posteriorly situated left asymmetric gland of carapace,no right asymmetric gland;segmented frontal organ;the endopod 2 of the first antenna with a very small seta;a-and c-setae of the first antenna with long end joint have long end joint,the b-and d-setae have no end joint,spinose e-seta without end joint;the e-seta of the second antenna is present;teeth side is distinctive;the setal counts of the mandible,maxilla,fifth limb,and sixth limb are individual.The locations of the major glands on carapace and the characteristics of the first antenna can be the key of the new species.This work is the second discovery of the genus Polyconchoecia from the world. 相似文献
902.
自然资本评估是研究生态系统服务与社会经济发展的重要方式。由于海洋具有特殊性和复杂性、开放性、流动性和多层次耦合性等特点,海洋自然资本评估方法的研究进展缓慢。能值分析理论通过能值转换率将生态系统内流动和储存的各种不同类别的能量和物质转换为同一标准的能值,可衡量和比较不同等级的能量价值,系统完整地反映自然资本价值,这一特点是其他评估方法所缺乏的。为精确量化海洋生物资本价值,本研究引入海洋食物网信息能流图和生态系统能量传递规律,提出了生物能值转换率的经验公式,即Tn=T1·E^1-nL(T1为初级生产者的太阳能值转换率,n为营养级,EL为林德曼效率)。为验证经验公式的可行性,选用相关案例进行了研究,得到海洋食物网中不同食性生物所处营养级及其相应的能值转换率。经验公式有一定误差,具体应用时应通过调研文献和相关数据,确定关键参数的取值范围以提高准确性。本研究得出的经验公式简化了海洋生物能值转换率的计算方法,促进了能值分析理论在海洋自然资本评估中的进一步应用。 相似文献
903.
The amount of methane leaked from deep sea cold seeps is enormous and potentially affects the global warming,ocean acidification and global carbon cycle. It is of great significance to study the methane bubble movement and dissolution process in the water column and its output to the atmosphere. Methane bubbles produce strong acoustic impedance in water bodies, and bubble strings released from deep sea cold seeps are called "gas flares"which expressed as flame-like strong backscatter in the water column. We characterized the morphology and movement of methane bubbles released into the water using multibeam water column data at two cold seeps. The result shows that methane at site I reached 920 m water depth without passing through the top of the gas hydrate stability zone(GHSZ, 850 m), while methane bubbles at site II passed through the top of the GHSZ(597 m) and entered the non-GHSZ(above 550 m). By applying two methods on the multibeam data, the bubble rising velocity in the water column at sites I and II were estimated to be 9.6 cm/s and 24 cm/s, respectively. Bubble velocity is positively associated with water depth which is inferred to be resulted from decrease of bubble size during methane ascending in the water. Combined with numerical simulation, we concluded that formation of gas hydrate shells plays an important role in helping methane bubbles entering the upper water bodies, while other factors, including water depth, bubble velocity, initial kinetic energy and bubble size, also influence the bubble residence time in the water and the possibility of methane entering the atmosphere. We estimate that methane gas flux at these two sites is 0.4×10~6–87.6×10~6 mol/a which is extremely small compared to the total amount of methane in the ocean body, however, methane leakage might exert significant impact on the ocean acidification considering the widespread distributed cold seeps. In addition, although methane entering the atmosphere is not observed, further research is still needed to understand its potential impact on increasing methane concentration in the surface seawater and gas-water interface methane exchange rate, which consequently increase the greenhouse effect. 相似文献
904.
Phytoplankton growth rates and mortality rates were experimentally examined at 21 stations during the 2017 spring intermonsoon(April to early May) in the northern and central South China Sea(SCS) using the dilution technique, with emphasis on a comparison between the northern and central SCS areas which had different environmental factors. There had been higher temperature but lower nutrients and chlorophyll a concentrations in the central SCS than those in the northern SCS. The mean rates of phytoplankton growth(μ_0) and microzooplankton grazing(m) were(0.88±0.33) d~(–1) and(0.55±0.22) d~(–1) in the central SCS, and both higher than those in the northern SCS with the values of μ_0((0.81±0.16) d~(–1)) and m((0.30±0.09) d~(–1)), respectively.Phytoplankton growth and microzooplankton grazing rates were significantly coupled in both areas. The microzooplankton grazing impact(m/μ_0) on phytoplankton was also higher in the central SCS(0.63±0.12) than that in the northern SCS(0.37±0.06). The microzooplankton abundance was significantly correlated with temperature in the surface. Temperature might more effectively promote the microzooplankton grazing rate than phytoplankton growth rate, which might contribute to higher m and m/μ_0 in the central SCS. Compared with temperature, nutrients mainly affected the growth rate of phytoplankton. In the nutrient enrichment treatment,the phytoplankton growth rate(μn) was higher than μ_0 in the central SCS, suggesting phytoplankton growth in the central SCS was nutrient limited. The ratio of μ_0/μn was significantly correlated with nutrients concentrations in the both areas, indicating the limitation of nutrients was related to the concentrations of background nutrients in the study stations. 相似文献
905.
Oceanology - Measurements of currents and Antarctic Bottom Water properties overflowing the sill from the Weddell to the Scotia Sea are described. The bottom water overflows the sill of one of the... 相似文献
906.
Rimsky-Korsakov N. A. Flint M. V. Kazennov A. Yu. Anisimov I. M. Poyarkov S. G. Pronin A. A. Tronza S. N. 《Oceanology》2020,60(5):625-632
Oceanology - The article presents results of field research on environmental assessment in Abrosimov Bay (Yuzhny Island of Novaya Zemlya) in connection with the existing RW disposal sites in this... 相似文献
907.
Oceanology - This paper reports the results of investigations on the radioecological state of bottom sediments of the Ob–Yenisei shoal area and Ob and Yenisei estuaries. Materials were... 相似文献
908.
Ostrovskii A. G. Zatsepin A. G. Shvoev D. A. Volkov S. V. Kochetov O. Yu. Olshanskiy V. M. 《Oceanology》2020,60(6):861-868
The article is devoted to the development of an autonomous profiling system for measuring the aquatic environment under ice. The system moves up and down in the water column along a cable with a load at the lower end, which is lowered into a lane in the ice. The system carrier is designed for transporting an acoustic Doppler current profiler and a salinity, temperature, and pressure probe. The system will be useful for long-term measurements of vertical profiles of the current speed and marine environment parameters, as well as ice draft. The article describes in detail the structure and operation of the system. The hydraulic scheme of the carrier buoyancy system is presented.
相似文献909.
Volkov A. V. Galyamov A. L. Savchuk Yu. S. 《Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics》2020,56(12):1528-1536
Izvestiya, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics - Gravimetric data obtained by the GOCE spacecraft contributes to the development of global models of the deep structure of the Earth’s crust and... 相似文献
910.
Qi-Kang Bo Yun-Zhao Lu Hui-Jing Mi Yan-Guang Yu De-Xian Gu Hong-Zheng You Shuang Hao 《Marine Ecology》2020,41(4):e12594
Bohai Bay, a representative semi-enclosed bay of China, has been severely impacted in recent decades by rapid human development. Although the mantis shrimp Oratosquilla oratoria plays an important role in the Bohai Bay ecosystem and fishery, its feeding ecology and the impact of habitat changes on its feeding habits are poorly known. In this study, we sought to identify its feeding strategy through the separation of stomach contents, and to describe its trophic ecology during maturation in the Tianjin coastal zone of Bohai Bay by the DNA barcoding method using a fragment (about 690 bp) of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (CO I) gene. A total of 594 specimens were collected from March to July 2018, and 347 (58.42%) stomachs were found to have food remains. More than half of the O. oratoria individuals had poor feeding activity, and the degree of feeding of females was higher than that of males, but there was no significant difference in the visual fullness index and the fullness weight index (FWI) between sexes for each month. In addition, the feeding activity of O. oratoria was consistent across the months, suggesting in artificial breeding programs it is not worried too much about the accessional diet supplied to the female bloodstocks except maintaining their normal food. A total of 167 retrieved prey items yielded 187 readable sequences; 86.63% of these sequences could be assigned to the species level. Consequently, 25 different prey taxa covering all readable sequences were identified, showing O. oratoria is a generalist predator. In terms of percent composition by frequency of occurrences (%N), crustaceans and fishes accounted for the same and highest percentage (35.83%) in the mantis shrimp diet, followed by mollusks (24.59%) and the remaining marine organisms (3.73%) including Polychaeta (2.67%), Sagittoidea (0.53%), and Chromadorea (0.53%). The result shows the benthic fish Oxudercidae (family) appears to be an especially important food supply for O. oratoria during maturation. The degree of cannibalism decreased with an increase in diet species and the frequencies of cannibalism in this study was noticeably higher than that in previous studies, suggesting that cannibalism may be a significant feeding strategy in the mantis shrimp O. oratoria in the Tianjin coastal zone of Bohai Bay, and because of the frequently cannibalistic behavior, the high stocking density of broodstocks should be avoided. 相似文献