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381.
Abandonment and recovery solution of submarine pipelines 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
T.K. Datta 《Applied Ocean Research》1982,4(4):247-252
382.
K. T. Pickering 《Geo-Marine Letters》1982,2(1-2):41-46
Deep-water siliciclastic systems are classified primarily on their shape as: submarine fans with well developed or poorly
developed morphology, slope drapes, for example, over relatively stable basin margins, fault-scarp aprons, canyons and large
channels, under-supplied sheet systems such as abyssal plains, non-fan ponded systems such as over-supplied perched basins,
and fan deltas. Collectively, or separately, these systems may form sedimentary basin fills that can be over or under-supplied
with respect to the sediment input although most systems will tend toward over-supply/overflow with time. Finally, the sum
total of the siliciclastic systems and basins can be used to define the tectonic milieux such as passive, strike-slip and
convergent margins. 相似文献
383.
Seismic noise induced by the seismic source during continuous profiling reduces the signal-to-noise ratio and hence the data quality. This noise is largely dependent on the shot interval. In this paper, the noise amplitude of refraction seismic records from a special experiment is analysed as a function of the shot interval. An empirical exponential relationship between mean peak noise amplitude and shot interval is deduced. By increasing the shot interval, the induced noise can be minimized on all successive records. This results in an improvement of the data, predominantly the signal-to-noise ratio. Because the seismic signal and the shot-induced noise have nearly the same spectra, the chance of improving the signal-to-noise ratio by stacking is significantly reduced. 相似文献
384.
The Fauna of Floating Cyanobacterial Mats in the Oligohaline Eulittoral Zone off Hiddensee (South-west Coast of the Baltic Sea) 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Abstract. The fauna — including macrofauna, meiofauna, and large ciliates — of floating cyanobacterial mats in a brackish shallow-water area was studied by analysing six 20 cm2 pieces of mat. Although these microbial aggregations were scarcely 1 cm thick, their total meiofauna abundance was about five times as high as in the uppermost 4 cm of the adjacent sediment. The mat fauna was dominated by harpacticoids, although large ciliates, rotifers, nematodes, and oligochaetes were also markedly more abundant than in the sediment. All species occurring in the mats were members of the surrounding sediment fauna. Out of the 47 species found, only a few, among them predominantly the harpacticoid, Mesochra lilljeborgi B oeck , 1864, and the nematode Daptonema setosum ( bütschli , 1874), accounted for the majority of the individual abundance in the mats. Both are regularly found in sulphidic biotopes near Hiddensee. As SEM micrographs revealed, the oligochaete Paranais litoralis (O. F. M üller , 1788) and the harpacticoid Cletocamptus confluens (Schmeil, 1894) were apparently optimal substrates for dense lawns of cyanobacteria. This indicates possible close interactions between the meiofauna and these microbiota. The frequent predation of histophagous ciliates on nematodes and harpacticoids, which were probably weakened by oxygen deficiency and/or high sulphide concentrations, were not only a sign of a generally neglected pathway in the food chain, but also impressively emphasized the huge variety of interactions taking place between meio- and microfauna within this specific benthic microcosm. Because of their floating character, the mats can play an important role in the dispersal of benthic fauna. 相似文献
385.
A. A. Bezborodov S. L. Gokchen V. N. Eremeev I. T. Konuk A. K. Saidam E. M. Tirasin 《Physical Oceanography》1991,2(3):227-231
The hydrological and hydrochemical structures of the upper 300 m water column of the Black Sea in autumn 1988 have been studied. Regularities in the distribution of the physico-chemical characteristics in the zone of interaction between aerobic and anaerobic waters as well as the topography of the H2S zone boundary and its connection with a certain density gradient have been found.Translated by Mikhail M. Trufanov. 相似文献
386.
During the concentrated observation (April–May 1988) conducted as a part of the Ocean Mixed Layer Experiment (OMLET) in the
sea area south of Japan, a conspicuous outbreak of warm water occurred from the large-meander region of the Kuroshio toward
the southwest in the direction of the former Ocean Weather Station “T”. A series of NOAA-AVHRR infrared images clearly showed
the process of this event. A surface buoy-mooring system deployed in this experiment recorded the arrival of this outbreak
of water, in terms of the rise of sea-surface temperature (SST) of 1.5°C and the flow of warm water of 1.5kt toward the northwest
at “T”. We studied this phenomenon by combining time series of infrared SST images with the oceanographic data obtained by
two research vessels. The warm water was about 100 m deep in the section at 137°E along the edge of the Off-Shikoku Warm Water.
It was estimated that about twenty outbreaks of this kind in a year can compensate a large heat loss to the atmosphere above
this ocean region. 相似文献
387.
388.
K. H. Kwik 《Ocean Engineering》1989,16(5-6)
The moment at which in a two-ship encounter a collision avoidance manoeuvre should be initiated in order to achieve a specific distance at the closest point of approach has been calculated. The calculations were based on the kinematics of encounter and simplified equations of motion. Mathematical equations which relate the maneouvring distance, the turning direction and the extent of course change for any desired passing distance and any given turning rate are determined. Knowledge of these quantities is essential for the safe conduct of the ship with automatic, computer-assisted navigation as well as with ordinary, manual navigation if the navigator no longer contents himself with estimates but wishes to know precisely in advance the outcome of any specific manoeuvre he chooses. 相似文献
389.
A two-layered model is considered in which the upper layer is continuously stratified and the lower layer is homogeneous. The system is driven by atmospheric forces. Bottom stress and topography are included in the model. The linear three-dimensional hydrodynamical equations are used to describe the system. Taking the eddy viscosity in the upper layer as inversely proportional to the static stability, the dependent variables are expanded in terms of continuous functions in the vertical (eigenfunctions). Using this method it is possible to compute currents and internal displacements at any depth in the upper layer. The three-dimensional structure of the lower layer is not considered in this model. The equations describing the lower layer are integrated over depth to give depth mean currents. Using a staggered finite-difference grid in the horizontal and a forward time-stepping procedure, numerical test experiments are carried out for a cross section and for a closed rectangular basin. 相似文献
390.
C. M. Laluraj K. K. Balachandran P. Sabu S. U. Panampunnayil 《Marine Geophysical Researches》2006,27(4):283-288
This study delineates the formation of a warm pool (>34°C) of air to the west (downwind) of the active volcano of the Barren Island during October–November 2005. Barren Island is located in the Sumatra–Andaman region, about 135 km east of Port Blair, and lies within the Burma microplate, the southern tip of which experienced a submarine earthquake (M
w 9.3) causing a tsunami in December 2004. Barren Island is the only volcano, which has shown sustained eruptive activity since shortly after the Great Sumatran Earthquake of December 2004. Our observations require further corroboration to relate how submarine earthquakes activate volcanoes and how far these thermal emissions influence climate changes. Because it links global warming and climate changes to the frequent emissions from a volcano activated by submarine earthquakes, this case study is of special interest to the earth-ocean-atmosphere sciences community. 相似文献