建筑结构地震易损性分析研究综述

地震易损性是指在不同强度水平的地震作用下建筑结构发生各种破坏的条件概率。本文对地震易损性分析的发展历程进行回顾和总结,介绍了地震易损性的相关概念、研究目的和意义以及5个表达工具。随后,针对国内外学者对建筑结构的易损性分析方法开展了系统的梳理和分析,特别是从基于震害调查的经验分析法和基于数值模拟的理论计算法方面展开了重点综述,并简单介绍了一些不常用的方法。最后指出了国内外对建筑结构易损性分析研究的不足和未来的研究方向。     

Rural Collective Construction Land Transfer Based on Stakeholder Analysis

In order to establish a unified construction land market, it is necessary to choose a rational pathway for the market transfer of Rural Collective Construction Land (RCCL) in China. This paper focuses on different methods of RCCL transfer based on stakeholder analysis and three case studies including models from Guangdong, Wuhu and Chongqing. The main finding is that all three models improved resource allocation efficiency and intensive utilization of RCCL through land and capital transfer. Each model built different interest coordination mechanisms among stakeholders, suited to different regions and cases. The Guangdong model is suitable for an economically developed region. The Wuhu model is suitable for developing regions in central China while western underdeveloped regions in China can adopt the Chongqing model. The policy implication is that better policy making for the promotion of RCCL transfer in China should consider regional characteristics as well as the economic development context.     

跨越断层埋地管线地震反应研究述评

本文论述了跨越断层埋地管线地震反应研究工作概况,包括理论研究和实验研究的进展,并介绍了不同情况下采用的研究方法和建立的相应的研究模型,通过对数据结果进行整理分析,得出跨越断层埋地管线地震反应规律。同时,本文还对埋地管线研究中的一些重要参数对研究结果的影响作了详尽的阐述,提出了需进一步研究的问题和今后可能的研究发展方向。     

场地土液化引起的地下管道上浮反应研究

本文利用虚功原理,建立了场地土液化引起的地下管道的上浮反应分析模型,用弹性地基梁来模拟地下管道,并考虑了土的非线性约束作用、管道的初始变形、液化区长度、管道的初始轴力等的影响。采用非线性增量有限元法,对场地土液化引起的地下管道的上浮反应进行了研究,给出了部分计算结果。     

电力供应系统地震安全分析与控制对策研究

本文对电力系统地震安全性分析与控制措施进行了深入的研究。从电力系统网络模型出发,分析了Newton法和快速解耦法(FDLF)的优缺点,认为快速解耦法更适合于电力供应系统地震安全分析与控制。快速解耦法是在Newton法的基础上,利用高压电力系统的物理特性,将系统的有功和无功功率解耦得到的;该方法提高了分析速度,节省了计算时间。利用灵敏度分析方法研究了震后电力系统的安全性,并用安全性提高解耦算法(DSEA)对系统进行安全控制,最后结合一实例验证了该方法的实用性和正确性,该工作可为震后电力系统负荷快速调整、震区供电系统快速恢复电力供应,减少电力供应系统的损失提供理论分析依据。     

不等高输电塔线体系风致动力响应分析

以山区常用输电塔5A-ZBC2为基础,建立了山区的不等高输电塔线体系。考虑到高差的不断变化以及不同方向攻角风荷载的作用,运用随机模拟风振分析方法对其进行了分析。结果表明,位于山顶的输电塔顶位移均值最大;位于山坡的次之;而位于山底的最小。而对不平衡张力来说,位于山坡的塔所受的不平衡张力最大;位于山顶的塔次之;位于山底的塔最小。随着高差的增大,塔顶位移和不平衡张力增大。塔顶位移主要受导线风荷载影响,而塔顶速度和加速度与塔的一阶振型有关,导线振动与荷载激励相关。     

Indosinian Emplacement of the Huashan—Guposhan Granite Batholiths in Western Nanling Range:Evidence from Cooling-Crystallization and Radiogenic Heat Calculation of Granite Melt

通过对南岭西段花山和姑婆山花岗岩基地质-岩石地球化学特征研究,判明它们的侵位深度(5.5km)、围岩温度(196℃)及岩浆初始温度(950℃),建立起花山和姑婆山岩基的数学计算模型,计算得出:花山-姑婆山花岗岩熔体侵位后,其初始温度降低至结晶温度所需的时间(△tco1)分别为4.14 Ma(花山)和4.36Ma(姑婆山);由于结晶潜热释放而使结晶过程延长的时间(△tL)为2.67Ma,2.81 Ma;由于花山和姑婆山花岗岩基放射性元素含量(U 13.5×10-6,Th 56.1×10- 6,K2O 5.79％(花山);U13.7×10-6,Th 52.4×10-6,K2O 5.28％(姑婆山))高于世界平均花岗岩放射性元素含量(U5×10-6,Th 20×10-6,K2O 2.66％),花山和姑婆山花岗岩浆侵位后产生的放射成因热使结晶过程延长的时间(△tA)分别为37.6 Ma和45.1 Ma,远长于按世界平均花岗岩放射性元素含量计算得出的△tA(3.17 Ma,花山).花山和姑婆山花岗岩基的侵位-结晶时差(△tECTD)分别为44.41Ma和52.27Ma,结合锆石U-Pb年龄值(162 Ma(花山),163Ma(姑婆山)),通过反演计算得出花山、姑婆山花岗岩基侵位年龄值(tE)分别为206Ma和215Ma,从而为花山-姑婆山花岗岩基属于印支期侵位提供了重要的岩浆动力学佐证.     

傅立叶变换消除ETM＋条带影响及平面精度分析

分析了ETM＋影像的黑色条带特征,采用数据叠合和快速傅立叶变换对影像进行处理,实现了对ETM黑色条带进行去除和减弱的目的。     

关于Shoshonite中译名的商榷和建议

1 Shoshonite系列火山岩中译名回顾 Shoshonite系列火山岩是由Iddings(1895)在研究美国黄石公园Shoshone 河地区中基性火山岩时发现并确认命名的,主要包括① Absarokite(SiO2=45%～52%);②Shoshonite(SiO2=52%～57%);③ Banakite(SiO2=57%～63%),中基性火山岩一般按碱性程度划分为碱性系列、钙碱性系列和拉班玄武岩系列.     

An assembly model for simulation of large-scale ground water flow and transport

When managing large-scale ground water contamination problems, it is often necessary to model flow and transport using finely discretized domains--for instance (1) to simulate flow and transport near a contamination source area or in the area where a remediation technology is being implemented; (2) to account for small-scale heterogeneities; (3) to represent ground water-surface water interactions; or (4) some combination of these scenarios. A model with a large domain and fine-grid resolution will need extensive computing resources. In this work, a domain decomposition-based assembly model implemented in a parallel computing environment is developed, which will allow efficient simulation of large-scale ground water flow and transport problems using domain-wide grid refinement. The method employs common ground water flow (MODFLOW) and transport (RT3D) simulators, enabling the solution of almost all commonly encountered ground water flow and transport problems. The basic approach partitions a large model domain into any number of subdomains. Parallel processors are used to solve the model equations within each subdomain. Schwarz iteration is applied to match the flow solution at the subdomain boundaries. For the transport model, an extended numerical array is implemented to permit the exchange of dispersive and advective flux information across subdomain boundaries. The model is verified using a conventional single-domain model. Model simulations demonstrate that the proposed model operated in a parallel computing environment can result in considerable savings in computer run times (between 50% and 80%) compared with conventional modeling approaches and may be used to simulate grid discretizations that were formerly intractable.