盘龙江子流域不透水表面扩张模拟

为促进盘龙江子流域的城镇化进程及保护水环境,该文模拟预测了该地区不透水表面的时空格局:通过分析流域不透水表面扩张的影响因子,建立了智能体分类体系及行为与决策规则;构建了流域的不透水表面变化模拟模型,模拟出流域2002—2013年的土地利用变化,并且验证了其模拟精度;在此基础上模拟预测了盘龙江流域2014—2020年间的不透水表面扩张趋势。研究结果表明利用智能体建模方法较为适合模拟滇池流域盘龙江子流域不透水表面的扩张过程。     

激光探针质谱研究新进展

激光探针质谱 最近发展起来的分析微量地质样口同位素和高空间分辨率的新方法,介绍了激光探针质谱的基本原原理和间述了国内外的研究进展及其在同位素地质年代学和稳定同位素地球化学方面的应用状况。     

Seasonal variation of fatty acids from drip water in Heshang Cave, central China

In order to investigate how lipids in cave water respond to seasonal climate change, drip water samples were collected from 2006 to 2008 in Heshang Cave, central China for fatty acid analysis. These lipids are abundant in the drip water. Their compositions are dominated by lower-molecular-weight nC16:0, nC18:0 and nC14:0 acids, together with mono-unsaturated nC18:1, nC16:1 and nC14:1. Analysis of one water sample revealed marked differences between the dissolved and particulate fractions. The dissolved fraction contains total fatty acids one order of magnitude higher than that of the particulate fraction. The distributional patterns of the fatty acids suggest that microbes living in the overlying soils and/or groundwater system contribute most fatty acids to the drip water. This 2-a monitoring experiment reveals that the abundance of mono-unsaturated fatty acids relative to the saturated homologues (nC16:1/nC16:0 and nC18:1/nC18:0) relate inversely to the changes of synchronous external air temperature. Higher values occur under cold conditions (winter/spring), while lower values appear in warm intervals (summer). Further studies are needed to elucidate the dynamic processes by which the external temperature affects fatty acids in drip water and to confirm the potential application of fatty acid ratios such as nC16:1/nC16:0 and nC18:1/nC18:0 in paleotemperature reconstructions.     

西湖凹陷平湖组层序地层划分和聚煤特征

西湖凹陷是我国东海盆地的一个次级凹陷,在凹陷断陷期的末期阶段发育的平湖组是一套含煤岩系,同时也是西湖凹陷的主力烃源岩。在对西湖凹陷地震、钻测井及岩心资料综合分析的基础上,在平湖组中识别出3个长期基准面旋回,其中发育了10个中期基准面旋回。平湖组发育煤层的主要沉积环境有潮汐影响的三角洲平原、潮汐影响的三角洲前缘的分流间湾和潮上带及辫状河三角洲前缘分流间湾。平湖组发育的3个层序是煤层发育的主要部位,其中长期基准面旋回LSC2是煤层最发育的层段。可容纳空间的大小控制着煤层在西湖凹陷平湖组短期基准面旋回中的发育位置:在高的可容纳空间背景下,煤层主要发育于短期基准面下降半旋回的中上部;在低的可容纳空间背景下,煤层主要发育于短期基准面旋回的最大可容纳空间处。     

三轴压缩下南京下蜀土的宏、微观性状试验

为探讨南京下蜀土在三轴压缩下的宏观力学性质及微观演化机理,分别通过三轴试验仪和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）研究了下蜀土的宏观变形、强度特性及微结构变化规律。结果表明：下蜀土的结构强度与围压的比值基本上为常数,土体的结构强度与内部颗粒的排列、胶结性能,以及外部应力状态有关。三轴压缩下,随着应变增大,下蜀土中较大颗粒集聚体受剪破坏,而较小颗粒通过聚集增大,使得土体颗粒面积比例增大,但颗粒集团化程度降低,平面分布分散,颗粒排列逐渐朝无序发展,并在无序程度最高部位形成了剪切破坏带。     

化学固沙材料研究进展及展望

作为三大治沙措施之一,化学固沙措施能够使流沙表面迅速地形成防风蚀的固沙层,受到广泛的关注。无机类化学固沙材料、有机类化学固沙材料及有机-无机复合类化学固沙材料等三大类化学固沙材料为化学固沙措施提供宽阔的发展空间,但各自也存在着缺点和不足。因此,研究和开发具有耐水蚀、耐冻融、耐风蚀及抗紫外线辐射性能、对环境没有污染及对植物无副作用、成本低廉的固沙材料是今后化学固沙材料的发展方向。     

差分三角高程测量在水利工程勘测中的应用

针对水利水电测量中需要采集大量的地面数据特征点,提出了用差分电磁波测距三角高程测量作业模式,并进行了精度分析,试验表明,该方法可大大提高数据采集的测量精度和工作效率。     

基于MapXtreme for Java定制JSP标志的WebGIS研究

构建一个WebGIS系统,必须要有一个提供地图应用服务的平台。以MapXtreme for Java为地图服务器,研究了JSP标志的工作原理,并在此基础上采用JSP标志成功开发、部署了地图的常用功能,实现了校园电子地图的网络发布。     

A new method for generating a clear-sky Landsat composite for cropland from cloud-contaminated Landsat-7 and Landsat-8 images

A new method was developed in this study for producing a clear-sky Landsat composite for cropland from cloud-contaminated Landsat images acquired in a short time period. It used Thiel–Sen regression to normalize all Landsat scenes to a MODIS image to make all Landsat images radiometrically consistent and comparable. Pixel selection criteria combining the modified maximum vegetation index and the modified minimum visible reflectance selection methods were designed to enhance the pixel selection of land/water over cloud/shadow in the image compositing. The advantages of the method include (1) avoiding complicated atmospheric corrections but with reliable surface reflectance results, (2) being insensitive to errors induced by image co-registration uncertainties between Landsat and MODIS images, (3) avoiding the lack of samples for the regression analysis using the full Landsat scenes (rather than overlay regions), and (4) enhancing cloud/shadow detection. The composite image has MODIS-like surface reflectance, thus making MODIS algorithms applicable for retrieving biophysical parameters. The method was automatically implemented on a set of 13 cloud-contaminated (>39%) Landsat-7 (Scan-Line Corrector-Off) and Landsat-8 scenes acquired during peak growing season in a crop region of Manitoba, Canada. The result was a 95.8% cloud-free image. The method can also substantially increase the usage of cloud-contaminated Landsat data.     

磁变仪标度值自动测定电路的改进

介绍了改进后的磁变仪标度值自动测定电路的主要特性、电路工作原理和使用注意事项,提供了电路原理图。