关中地区地磁比值Rq的变化与地震关系的分析

应用小波分析空间差分法分析了泾阳台、乾陵台、周至台和郑州台的Z分量的地磁磁静日Rg值的变化规律，结果显示，各台的磁静日Rg值有较一致的年变规律。分析泾阳台与其它各台的磁静日R。差值分析和小波变换，发现1998年1月5日泾阳4．8级地震前4个月内存在较明显的异常变化。可能反映了泾阳地震的震磁效应。对远离泾阳台、乾陵台的青海昆仑山口西8．1级地震，震前也有明显异常变化。     

Review: The Yucat��n Peninsula karst aquifer, Mexico

The Yucatán Peninsula karst aquifer is one of the most extensive and spectacular karst aquifer systems on the planet. This transboundary aquifer system extends over an area of approximately 165,000? km² in México, Guatemala and Belize. The Triassic to Holocene Yucatán limestone platform is located in the vicinity of the North American/Caribbean plate boundary and has been reshaped by a series of tectonic events over its long geologic history. At the end of the Cretaceous period, the Yucatán Peninsula was hit by a large asteroid, which formed the Chicxulub impact crater. The Yucatán Peninsula karst aquifer hosts large amounts of groundwater resources which maintain highly diverse groundwater-dependent ecosystems. Large parts of the aquifer are affected by seawater intrusion. Anthropogenic pollution of the aquifer has been increasing over the past few decades, owing to relentless economic development and population growth on the Peninsula. This review summarizes the state of knowledge on the Yucatán Peninsula karst aquifer and outlines the main challenges for hydrologic research and practical groundwater-resources management on the Peninsula.     

真鲷（Pagrus major）vasa基因5′端启动子克隆及表达载体构建

采用染色体步移（Genome walking）的方法克隆了真鲷vasa基因5′侧翼序列,采用生物信息学方法分析潜在的顺式作用元件,并与斑马鱼核心启动子进行比对,在此基础上构建了绿色荧光蛋白表达载体。序列分析结果显示：克隆得到的真鲷vasa基因5′侧翼序列序列长度为2762bp,其中包括TATA-box、CAAT-box...     

基于无人机影像的电力线巡检方法研究

随着无人机技术的飞速发展,无人机在远程遥控、续航时间、飞行品质上有了明显的突破,从而为其在电力线巡检作业中提供了良好的发展前景。本文在基于无人机影像巡检拍摄的电力线进行提取的时候,引入电力线一定处于两端塔杆所确定的铅垂面内的约束条件,从而根据约束条件稳定的实现了同名导线点的对应。在进行电力线实时测距时,采用铅垂线轨迹算法对交跨地物进行测距,快速判断电力线下方地物距离,并作出预警判断。     

Changes in the onset and length of seasons from an ensemble of regional climate models over Spain for future climate conditions

This study analyses the length and onset of the four seasons based on the annual climatic cycle of maximum and minimum temperatures. Previous studies focused over climatically homogeneous mid-high latitude areas, employing fixed temperature thresholds (related to climatic features such as freezing point) that can be inadequate when different climate conditions are present. We propose a method related to the daily minimum and maximum temperature 25th and 75th point-dependent climatic percentiles. It is applied to an ensemble of regional climate models (RCMs) of 25-km horizontal resolution over the peninsular Spain and Balearic Islands, where a large variety of climatic regimes, from alpine to semi-desertic conditions, are present. First, baseline climate (1961–2000) ERA40-forced RCM simulations are successfully compared with the Spain02 daily observational database, following astronomical season length (around 90 days). This result confirms the validity of the proposed method and capability of the RCMs to describe the seasonal features. Future climate global climate model-forced RCMs (2071–2100) compared with present climate (1961–1990) simulations indicate the disappearance of winter season, a summer enlargement (onset and end) and a slight spring and autumn increase.     

Temporal and spatial variation of soil erosion in wooded rangelands of southwest Spain

Changes in land use are common in Mediterranean areas and are reported as having produced changes in the intensity of soil erosion. Dehesas are rangelands with a disperse tree cover, widespread in the south-western part of the Iberian Peninsula and similar ecosystems are also common in other areas with a Mediterranean climate. The aim of the present study is to analyse temporal and spatial variations of soil erosion rates estimated along three hillsides, located in two farms (Buitrera and Parapuños) in southwest Spain. To understand the temporal variation, soil erosion rates were studied in light of land use-management changes that took place during the last few centuries. Results indicate very low erosion rates prior to the 18^th century in both farms. In Buitrera, a first increase of soil loss rates was identified during the period 1831-1897, amounting to 7.4 t ha^-1 y^-1. A further increase took place during the 20^th century, reaching a mean erosion rate of 29.1 t ha^-1 y^-1. In Parapuños, data points to a significant increase from 1881 onwards, with an estimated mean erosion rate of 18.5 t ha^-1 y^-1. Those increases were presumably connected with an intensification of land use, such as cultivation and excessive livestock populations. Regarding spatial variation, the bare surface and the erosive power of run-off along the hillsides accounts for 76% of the soil erosion rates dispersion. At a local scale, the variability of erosion rates could not be explained, because of (i) uncertainty related to the micromorphology of the past soil surface and (ii) the role of tillage erosion in the past. However, the results obtained offer valuable data on the temporal and spatial variation of erosion rates in dehesas at the hillslope scale and a similar approach could be used for other rangelands with a disperse tree cover. © 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

海水浓度对生物接触氧化法处理废水的影响

研究了海水浓度对生物接触氧化法处理废水的影响。结果表明,在淡水中添加海水超过35％时,生物接触氧化法去除废水的化学耗氧量(COD)的效果随着海水浓度的增加而降低．添加海水10％～25％时,COD的去除效果好,25％时COD最高总去除率可达87．8％．处理效果几乎与纯淡水的对照组(COD总去除率88．6％)等同。     

区域旅游发展中的行政冲突及调控机制——以张家界为例

在问卷调查与实地访谈的基础上,通过定性与定量相结合的分析方法,剖析张家界因旅游开发而单独立市以来在旅游产业和城市经济发展中所取得的成就,同时也揭示了张家界市各县级行政区之间旅游产业分化发展,功能性、结构性重复建设,企业之间恶性削价竞争以及相互打压市场形象等问题与矛盾.据此提出市域旅游经济空间矛盾调控的切入点,主要包括:...     

Ground motion characterization and seismic hazard assessment in Spain: context,problems and recent developments

This article points out some particular features conditioning seismic hazard assessments (SHA) in Spain, a region with low–moderate seismicity. Although sized earthquakes occurred in the past, as evidenced by historical documents and neotectonic studies, no large events occurred during the last decades. The absence of strong motion records corresponding to earthquakes with magnitude larger than 5.5 is an important obstacle for the development of ground motion models constrained by local data, with the consequent difficulty in SHA studies. In this paper, some recent developments aiming at providing solutions to these difficulties are presented. Specifically, a strong motion databank containing a massive collection of accelerograms and response spectra from different configurations source-path-site corresponding to earthquakes all over the world is introduced, together with software utilities for its management. A first application of this databank is the development of specific ground motion models for Spain and for the Mediterranean region that predict peak ground accelerations as a function of several definitions of magnitude, distance and soil class. The predictive power of these ground motion models is tested by contrasting their estimates with recently recorded ground motions. The comparison between our ground-motion models with others proposed in the literature for other areas reveals a regular overestimation of the expected ground motions at Spanish sites by the non-local models. Consequently, SHA studies based in external models may overestimate the predicted hazard at the Iberian sites. In the last part of the paper a method for checking whether the response spectra proposed in the Spanish Building Code (NCSE-02) are consistent with actual accelerometric data from recent low magnitude earthquakes is applied. The spectral shapes of the Spanish Building Code NCSE-02 are compared with the response spectral shapes deduced from the available accelerograms by normalising the response spectra with the recorded PGA. It is appreciated that the NCSE-02 spectral shapes are exceeded by a large number of actual spectral shapes for short periods (around 0.2 s), a result to be taken into account in further revisions of the NCSE-02 code. The issues tackled in this work constitute not only an improvement for ground-motion characterisation in Spain, but also provide guidelines of general interest for potential applications in other regions with similar seismicity.