三维激光扫描单点定位精度评定方法研究

三维激光扫描技术是当前的一种新技术,其仪器的精度评定方法还不完善,提出两种三维激光扫描单点定位精度评价方法,即外部符合精度评价方法和内部符合精度评价方法。介绍了两种方案的实施过程,并且通过实验进行了分析,得到了较好的评价结果。     

用曲面插值方法建立海洋局部地磁场模型

地磁场模型是地磁场的数学表达式,国内外已有多种建立地磁场模型的方法,对于局部地磁场模型来说,应用比较多的是多项式方法和曲面样条函数方法。讨论了基于曲面样条函数建立局部地磁场模型的原理和方法,并在实测数据基础上对模型的精度进行了验证。     

The IGS VTEC maps: a reliable source of ionospheric information since 1998

The International GNSS Service (IGS) Working Group on Ionosphere was created in 1998. Since then, the Scientific community behind IGS, in particular CODE, ESA, JPL and UPC, have been continuosly contributing to reliable IGS combined vertical total electron content (VTEC) maps in both rapid and final schedules. The details on how these products are being generated, performance numbers, proposed improvement as far as VTEC evolution trends during near one Solar Cycle, are summarized in this paper. The confirmation of (1) the good performance of the IGS combined VTEC maps, and (2) the characteristic VTEC variability periods, are two main results of this work.     

基于C#语言的EPSW与CASS数据格式转换

介绍利用C#程序实现EPsw软件与CASS软件数据格式转换,对两种数据格式进行了具体的分析,解决了EPSW图形数据转换成南方CASS标准图形时无测量属性、编码的问题,为数据共享及地形图测绘外业数据采集提供了一个简单而高效的方法。     

基于改进EWT和LogitBoost集成分类器的地震事件分类识别算法

快速、准确地识别天然地震和人工爆破事件是地震台网监测的重要工作之一,也是提高地震观测记录质量、开展地震研究工作的重要基础。针对反向传播神经网络、支持向量机等主流分类识别方法在地震事件分类识别应用上的不足,提出一种基于改进EWT和LogitBoost集成分类器的地震事件分类识别算法。首先,基于S谱能量曲线对传统经验小波变换进行改进,将信号自适应分解为按频率和能量分布的本征模函数;其次,提取P波与S波最大振幅比,前4个本征模函数的香农熵、对数能量熵,以及去噪后重构信号主频等特征;最后,采用基于集成学习LogitBoost的决策树集成分类器进行分类。实验结果表明,所提算法具有较高的鲁棒性,能有效解决样本不足的问题,识别准确率达93.1%以上,比集成学习AdaBoost、反向传播神经网络和支持向量机等方法提高了1%以上,且分类识别效果好。     

陕西黄土高原人工林土壤干层及形成原因

1 Introduction Abroad, a lot of research on soil water removal, seeping and evaporation has been done (Ole, 1998; Rapp, 2000). A seeping model of soil water was suggested (Yuin, 1998) and it was known that water removal is very slow in the unsaturated zon…     

西安高陵人工林土壤干层与含水量季节变化研究

通过野外调查和室内测定,利用烘干称重法对高陵地区丰水年前后不同人工林下0~6 m土壤含水量及土壤水分的季节变化进行研究。结果表明,2002年高陵田家村中国梧桐林和杨树林下160~400 cm范围内均已发育了土壤干层。经过2003年丰水年充沛的降水补给,2004年高陵团庄槐树林、杏树林0~6 m土层均未出现土壤干层,说明水分在丰水年得到很好恢复。丰水年后梨、杏、槐三种人工林160~400、410~600 cm层位土壤含水量均显示春季最高,夏季次之,秋季降到最低或略微上升。     

Adsorption of cobalt by using inorganic components of sediment samples from water bodies

The adsorption of cobalt ions was evaluated using sediment samples from water bodies to investigate the adsorption properties of sediment and the behavior of these natural materials in the presence of nuclear and industrial waste.The two sediments(S1 and S2)were treated to eliminate humic and fulvic acids and then they were characterized by several techniques.The minerals found in both the sediments(X-ray diffraction)were quartz and albite;plus,goethite and muscovite in S1,and kaolinite and montmorillonite in S2.Point of zero charge(PZC)of S1 and S2 was 6.00 and 5.22,respectively.The specific area of S1(63.3 m²/g)is higher than S2(1.5 m²/g).Adsorption kinetics data for S1 and S2 were best fitted to the pseudo second-order model.The removal efficiency of S1 for cobalt was 96%with an adsorption capacity(qe)of 0.93 mg/g,and for S2 was 45%with a qeof 0.40 mg/g.The experimental data of the adsorption isotherms were adjusted to Langmuir and Freundlich models for S1 and S2,respectively.The thermodynamic parameters(enthalpy,entropy,and Gibb’s free energy)indicated that the adsorption processes were endothermic,spontaneous,and chemisorption mechanism.The results show that the adsorption capacities of the sediments depend on their composition.These water sediments have important adsorption properties for cobalt,and they can be used in the treatment of nuclear and industrial aqueous wastes.     

鄂尔多斯地块周缘三维地壳速度结构研究

鄂尔多斯地块及周缘位于青藏高原与华北地块之间,其内部无大断裂分布,而周缘却由活跃的地震带——活动断陷带和弧形断裂带包围.因此,鄂尔多斯地块内部无6级以上大地震分布,而周缘地震活动则频度高、强度大(图1),历史上发生多次破坏性大地震,如:1654 年天水南8.0 级、1879 年武都南8.0级、1920 年宁夏海原81/...     

Can marine fisheries and aquaculture meet fish demand from a growing human population in a changing climate?

Expansion in the world's human population and economic development will increase future demand for fish products. As global fisheries yield is constrained by ecosystems productivity and management effectiveness, per capita fish consumption can only be maintained or increased if aquaculture makes an increasing contribution to the volume and stability of global fish supplies. Here, we use predictions of changes in global and regional climate (according to IPCC emissions scenario A1B), marine ecosystem and fisheries production estimates from high resolution regional models, human population size estimates from United Nations prospects, fishmeal and oil price estimations, and projections of the technological development in aquaculture feed technology, to investigate the feasibility of sustaining current and increased per capita fish consumption rates in 2050. We conclude that meeting current and larger consumption rates is feasible, despite a growing population and the impacts of climate change on potential fisheries production, but only if fish resources are managed sustainably and the animal feeds industry reduces its reliance on wild fish. Ineffective fisheries management and rising fishmeal prices driven by greater demand could, however, compromise future aquaculture production and the availability of fish products.