一种人口连续分布模型的研究

分析了常用的表示人口分布的方法及其不足，提出了将人口统计数据空间分布化的方法，将研究区域划分为一定分辨率的格网，用距离衰减函数将人口密度估计值分配到每个格网上，每个格网上的人口是均匀分布的，随着格网分辨率的提高，就可以模拟出符合人口说细分布的人口密度空间连续分布模型，并通过实验说明该方法是可行的。     

吉林露水河硅藻土质量评价

露水河硅藻土矿是第四纪形成的沉积矿床，具有直链硅藻土和圆环硅藻土两种类型矿层。硅藻土矿的物质组成以硅藻为主，可含少量粘土矿物。SiO2主要由硅藻贡献。Al2O3主要由粘物贡献，Fe主要以Fe2O3形成被吸附在粘土矿物颗粒表面和粒间。直链硅藻土矿层厚度稳定，主要是Ⅱ级土，含Fe较高；圆环硅藻土矿层厚度有变化，大多为Ⅰ级土，含Fe低，但局部见硅藻严重破碎现象。利用SiO2-密度相关图解，可适时监测硅藻土品质。     

建筑物震害及其抗震设计的初步研究--以姚安6.5级地震震区建筑物破坏为例

对2000年1月15日姚安6．5级地震极震区（Ⅷ度）及姚安、大姚、南华和牟定等县城内的建筑物与结构物的震害做了系统的调研。本作为系列研究之二，分析了各类建筑物的地震破坏现象与相关设计，以及地震的破坏机理，讨论了地震区城镇建设中防震减灾应引起重视的有关问题；提出了在设计与施工中出现的若干问题及在这次地震灾害中获取的经验与教训。对今后多震区的城市规划、建筑物设计有一定的参考价值。     

Reconstruction of summer temperature (June—August) at Mt. Helan, China, from tree-ring stable carbon isotope values since AD 1890

From stable carbon isotope analysis of tree-rings of Chinese pine (Pinus tabulaeformis) from Mt. Helan, China, we found that high-δ¹³C values were related to high mean temperatures from June to August (T ₆₈), and Iow-δ¹³C values corresponded to low T ₆₈. From these data, a transfer function has been used to reconstruct summer temperatures (T ₆₈) for the Mt. Helan region. The explained variance of reconstruction is 34.9% (F=15.01, p<0.001). The time period containing the highest summer temperatures in northern China (late 1920-1930s) was confirmed by our reconstruction. The data indicate that there is a tele-connection between summer temperatures in Mt. Helan area and sea-surface-temperatures in the tropical Pacific. The extreme low temperature periods around the years of 1920 and 1947 for Mt. Helan region correspond well to the cold climate in the tropical Pacific. Along with other analyses, this suggests that climate variations in the Mt. Helan region are driven not only by local events, but also by the global climate. Significant periodicities appearing in the reconstruction are 2.56 and 2.63 years.     

Loess in Kunlun Mountains and its implications on desert development and Tibetan Plateau uplift in west China

Loess on the northern slope of Kunlun Mountains is the synchronous deposition of the Taklimakan Desert. The paleomagnetism and climatic records of an over 80 m loess-paleosol sequence on the highest river terrace at the foot of Kunlun Mountains show that the loess formed at ≈ 880 ka B.P., suggesting a roughly synchronous occurrence of the present-like air circulation and extremely dry climate and the initial desert. The uplift of the Tibetan-Pamir Plateau and Tian-shan Mountains may initiate these events. The rise of the plateau and adjacent mountains caused the drying and desertification of China inland and Tarim Basin, which was dramatically enhanced at ≈ 500 ka B.P., leading the desert to expand to its present scale. Global change just overprints this drying trend. Local climate response to global change both in long-term evolution and glacial-interglacial cycles manifests that the stronger the westerlies, the more the precipitation. But the heat-moisture pattern seems still similar to that in the Asian monsoon region.     

淮北市抗震地基稳定性分析

在大地构造分析的基础上,对淮北市基岩及构造进行详细研究,结合历史地震的地震部位,确定出地震多发生在断裂构造的交汇部位及其邻近地区.经分析研究,确定研究区震害的来源,并将研究区基岩稳定性划分出稳定、较稳定和次稳定(或不稳定)三种类型地带,为城市建设规划提供科学依据.     

黄河上游阿尼玛卿山区冰川波动与气候变化

以黄河上游阿尼玛卿山的冰川为研究对象, 通过应用航空相片、卫星遥感影像、地形图和数字高程模型(DEM), 分析了末次冰盛期、小冰期、自1966年及2000年的冰川范围及变化情况. 结果表明, 末次冰盛期的冰川范围是现代冰川的3.1倍; 小冰期以来, 冰川已经开始退缩, 尤其在1966-2000年期间退缩有加速趋势. 介绍了一种提取冰川雪线高度的方法, 并根据现代气候数据, 探讨了研究时段雪线高度上的夏季平均气温变化趋势. 结果表明, 末次冰盛期时, 雪线下降了420 m左右, 相应的夏季平均气温比现代低1.9 ℃, 小冰期盛时夏季平均气温比现代低0.6 ℃.     

瑞雷波法在黄土地区地基检测中的应用

瑞雷波勘探技术是近年来发展起来的一种高新技术 ,在岩土工程中具广泛应用前景。介绍了瑞雷波的特点、原理 ,结合具体的工程实例 ,探讨了多道瞬态瑞雷波勘探法在黄土地区灰土挤密桩复合地基、灰土垫层地基等检测中的一些应用。     

Coastal currents and eddies and their interaction with topography

The nonlinear interaction of vorticity driven coastal currents and eddies with topography is studied. The topography is either a semi-infinite escarpment perpendicular to the coast (such that topographic waves propagate toward the coast) or a semi-circular canyon or seamount attached to the coast. Assuming a piecewise constant potential vorticity distribution, the quasigeostrophic equations are solved using contour dynamics. Offshore propagating dipole eddies occur, whenever a coastal current or eddy interacts with escarpment and canyon topographies. The size and frequency at which dipoles form are found to depend on the vorticity of the current and amplitude of the topography. However, for a seamount, little eddy shedding is observed and the coastal current or eddy skirts around topography.     

大庆外围深层实施气体钻井的可行性分析

总结了气体钻井的优缺点，结合大庆地质特点以及钻井技术状况对在大庆外围深层实施气体钻井的地质条件、钻井条件、技术条件和经济条件的可行性进行了分析。分析结果表明，在大庆外围具备进行气体钻井的条件，利用气体钻井来提高大庆外围深层的钻井速度是完全可行的，并有利于发现和保护储层。