加味旋代颗粒联合丁艾贴丸治疗胃食管反流病肝郁脾虚证40例

目的：观察加味旋代颗粒联合丁艾贴丸治疗胃食管反流病（GERD)肝郁脾虚证的临床疗效。方法：将80 例GERD肝郁脾虚证患者随机分为治疗组和对照组,每组各40 例。治疗组予加味旋代颗粒联合丁艾贴丸治疗,对照组予奥美拉唑肠溶片合枸橼酸莫沙必利片治疗,疗程均为8周。观察2组治疗前后中医证候（反流、烧心、嗳气、胸骨后疼痛等）积分的变化,评定中医证候疗效及胃镜疗效。结果：中医证候疗效总有效率治疗组为87.5%（35/40）,对照组为57.5%（23/40）,组间比较,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;胃镜疗效总有效率治疗组为82.5%（33/40）,对照组为67.5%（27/40）,组间比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05)。2组中医证候积分治疗前后组内比较及治疗后组间比较,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05)。结论：加味旋代颗粒联合丁艾贴丸治疗GERD肝郁脾虚证疗效确切,值得临床推广应用。     

北京市地质环境监测现状及对策研究

分析了北京市开展地质环境监测的必要性,介绍了北京市地勘局对北京市地质环境监测工作战略:"首都地质资源环境承载能力监测预警平台建设工程",总结了北京市地质环境监测现状及存在的不足,对未来北京市地质环境监测工作提出了编制北京市地质环境监测规划、做好监测网络技术支撑工作、逐步建设和完善北京市地质环境监测体系的对策。     

Generalised measures of reliability for multiple outliers

The application of the theory of reliability has become a fundamental part of measurement analysis, whether in order to optimise measurement systems so that they are resistant to the influence of outliers or in the post-analysis identification of outliers. However, the current theory of reliability is based on the assumption of a single outlier—an assumption that may not necessarily be the case. This paper extends reliability theory so that it can be applied to multiple outliers through the derivation of appropriate measures of reliability for multiple outliers. The measures of reliability covered include minimal detectable biases, reliability numbers, controllability, and external reliability.     

Integrated GPS/INS navigation system with dual-rate Kalman Filter

A dual-rate Kalman Filter (DRKF) has been developed to integrate the time-differenced GPS carrier phases and the GPS pseudoranges with INS measurements. The time-differenced GPS carrier phases, which have low noise and millimeter measurement precision, are integrated with INS measurements using a Kalman Filter with high update rates to improve the performance of the integrated system. Since the time-differenced GPS carrier phases are only relative measurements, when integrated with INS, the position error of the integrated system will accumulate over time. Therefore, the GPS pseudoranges are also incorporated into the integrated system using a Kalman Filter with a low update rate to control the accumulation of system errors. Experimental tests have shown that this design, compared to a conventional design using a single Kalman Filter, reduces the coasting error by two-thirds for a medium coasting time of 30?s, and the position, velocity, and attitude errors by at least one-half for a 45-min field navigation experiment.     

1988年至1995年IERS天球参考架的指向维持

本文分析了１９９２年至１９９５年期间国际地球自转服务（ＩＥＲＳ）天球参考架的指向维持情况，结合１９８８年至１９９２年的指向维持情况指出，该参考架在１９８８年至１９９５年期间历年的指向均存在显著变化，赤经零点和天极的最大年度漂移约为０．４ｍａｓ。至１９９５年，ＩＥＲＳ天球参考架的赤经零点和天极与各自预期位置的偏差不于０．４ｍａｓ。１９９４年和１９９５年的ＩＥＲＳ天球参考架基本上维持了１９９３年的ＩＥＲＳ天球参考指向，但是其实际维持精度约为０．０５ｍａｓ，并非０．００５ｍａｓ。０．００５ｍａｓ的维持精度只是数学上的平均效果，相当一部分基本源在相邻年度的ＩＥＲＳ天球参考架中的坐标差大于０．５ｍａｓ，这说明只有采用恰当的消除局部相对形变的方法，才能将天球参考架的指向真正维持在较高水平。     

天球参考系实现中的问题评述

本文评述了在建立历表参考架和恒星参考架过程中所面临的问题和困难，回顾了建立河外射电天球参考架的发展历史，并介绍了其目前状况，讨论了河外射电天球参考架在与其他天球参考架连接过程中所遇到的问题及其可能的解决途径。     

河外射电源在IERS综合表与观测表中坐标差的特性分析

本文简要介绍了ＩＥＲＳ综合河外射电源表在所用资料、建立方法等方面的一般情况，进而分析了河外射电源在ＩＥＲＳ综合表与观测表中的坐标差的一般特性，为检验综合表提供了分析基础。     

1988至1992各年度IERS综合河外射电源表的重新归算

鉴于ＩＥＲＳ综合河外射电源表在建立ＩＡＵ协议天球参考架方面的重要意义和它们的不足之处，本文重新组建了１９８８至１９９２各年度的综合河外射电源表，称之为Ｃａｔ系列表。并依据综合表的组建原理，对重新计算得到的Ｃａｔ系列表进行了检验，结果表明Ｃａｔ系列表克服了ＩＥＲＳ系列表中坐标系不统一的缺点，指向的定义及维持亦较之ＩＥＲＳ系列表有较大程度地改观。比较结果显示，ＩＥＲＳ系列表中部分源的坐标存在毫角秒量级的偏差，各年度综合表的指向与ＩＥＲＳ预期指向亦有不同程度的偏离，个别轴的最大指向偏差至０．６ｍａｓ。同时指出，１９９３年ＩＥＲＳ综合表的指向亦有待讨论。     

云南中部地区现今构造活动与现今构造形变应力场

以1982－1995年云南中部地区跨主要断裂短基线（水平）、短水准（垂直）的监测资料为窗口，经数模计算和反演，讨论了该区现今构造活动性及构造形变应力场特征。其结果表明，该区现今构造活动是以水平位错为主；川滇菱块南部边界断裂扭运速率高于块内其它断裂，并显示了向南南东滑移兼抬升的活动趋势。     

GPS and GLONASS Integration: Modeling and Ambiguity Resolution Issues

The integration of GPS with GLONASS may be considered a major milestone in satellite-based positioning, because it can dramatically improve the reliability and productivity of said positioning. However, unlike GPS, GLONASS satellites transmit signals at different frequencies, which result in significant complexity in terms of modeling and ambiguity resolution for integrated GPS and GLONASS positioning systems. In this paper, a variety of mathematical and stochastic modeling methodologies and ambiguity resolution strategies are analyzed, and some remaining research challenges are identified. The exercise, of developing mathematical models and processing methodologies for integrated systems based on more than one satellite system, is a valuable one as it identified crucial issues concerned with the combination of any two or more microwave positioning systems, be they satellite-based or terrestrial. Hence these are experiences that can be applied to future projects that might integrate GPS with Galileo, or GLONASS and Galileo, or all three. ? 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.