江苏固城湖流域1951-2000年农业非点源氮、磷输移的数值模拟研究

选择位于长江下游的固城湖流域作为研究区域,基于分布式流域水文模型SWAT,采用数值模拟的手段,反演了1951～2000年流域农业非点源氮、磷的输移规律。模拟结果与实测值的一致性反映了模型的良好模拟能力。比较两个时段的模拟结果发现,1981～2000年,流域农业非点源氮、磷年平均浓度和输移量分别为:总氮0.82mg/L和411.88×103kg/a,总磷0.084mg/L和43.04×103kg/a;远高于1951～1960年的氮、磷年平均浓度和输移量分别为:总氮0.22mg/L和49.55×103kg/a,总磷0.036mg/L和7.67×103kg/a。模拟主要反映了流域下垫面条件和农作物耕作模式对农业非点源氮、磷浓度及输移量的影响。     

Interactive remote computations for retaining wall design and risk assessment

Remote computation as well as remote design is a hot topic nowadays and becoming popular and also more diversified in use in the recent years. This study applies the retaining wall design as an example to construct a mechanism for complicated computation in civil engineering directly in a network server for risk assessment, so that a user can easily carry out the computation analysis with any available device via internet by using a personal computer or mobile device. To develop a convenient as well as time-saving operating environment for the remote analysis, an effective interactive interface is also developed. In the retaining wall design, this study provides users with the Rankine method, Coulomb method, and theory of plasticity to perform the objective analysis. The automatic checking system of the program will validate the computation results, under this circumstance, users need not worry about whether their input data and calculated results are consistent with practical standards and regulations or not. Various factors of safety, for risk assessment, resulting from the three kinds of computational methods are compared to verify whether there is any significant difference among them while designing a safe retaining wall overall.     

高温超高压下Ni40Mn30Fe30与叶蜡石反应的研究

本文对Ｎｉ４０Ｍｎ３０Ｆｅ３０合金与在不同焙烧温度下得到的含水叶蜡，在高温超高压下的反应进行了实验研究，温度测至１４２０℃，压是至５．５ＧＰａ，研究了该反应的物质－化学机制，以及反应速率与温度，压力，含水量等参数的关系，对高压下物质迁移运动的固有特征进行了探讨。     

内蒙古中部二叠纪碱性花岗岩及其地球动力学意义

西伯利亚板块南缘白音乌拉－东乌珠穆沁旗带的碱性花岗岩（Ｒｂ－Ｓｒ年龄２７６－２８６Ｍａ）生成于张性的构造环境，较西伯亚板块同中朝板块之间晚泥盆世－早石炭世的碰撞事件晚约６０Ｍａ，属于造山后的Ａ型花岗岩，可作为造山作用结束的标志。但在中朝板块北缘晚石炭世－二叠纪只发育钙碱性的晚造山花岗岩，直到三叠纪才出现碱性正长岩。相邻两大板块边缘之间岩浆活动的非对称性可能是受板块间面积和质量差别的制约。     

非接触极化曲线视反应电位差区分矿体矿物成分及确定其边界的实验研究

本文用非接触极化曲线视反应电位差区分矿体矿物成分和确定矿体边界的基本原理，着重阐述矿物非接触极化曲线视反应电位差特征的实验研究方法和结果，并指出非接触极化曲线视反应电位差区分矿体矿物成分和确定矿体边界是有可能的。     

Some characteristics of pulsations in radio bursts at 9.375 GHz

A type of pulsation in a time scale of seconds superimposed on microwave burst at 9.375 GHz has been found during the twenty-second solar active maximum period by us. This phenomenon is quite different from radio spike emission at decimeter and long centimeter wavelengths. The flux level of the bursts rises as the repetition rate of pulsations increases, following an approximate linear relationship. This feature resembles that at mm wavelength, but some other features are different. Some mechanisms for interpretation have been proposed.     

秋季巴伦支海海温异常对冬季我国渤海冰情的可能影响

本文利用美国NCEP/NCAR逐月的再分析资料、HadISST海温、中国160台站气温和反映渤海冰情轻重的渤海冰情等级资料,研究了前秋巴伦支海海温异常对后期渤海冰情和东亚冬季风的影响,并对相关的物理过程进行分析。结果表明,前秋巴伦支海关键区海温与该区域海冰密集度呈显著的负相关,且具有较好的持续性,通过调节随后冬季向大气释放的热通量,引起后期环流变化。偏高(偏低)年冬季亚洲纬向环流偏弱(偏强),东亚大槽加深(减弱),东亚冬季风加强(减弱),我国东北、华北及西北地区地区显著偏冷(偏暖),这与冬季渤海海冰异常的强度和范围都偏大(小)及与之相联系的环流异常相一致。进一步的分析揭示了联系上游关键区海温变化与后期东亚地区气候异常的重要途径,前秋巴伦支海海温偏高会导致200 hPa高度场形成一个自西向东的波列形式,在东亚局地Hadley环流异常的作用下,加强了我国北方地区地表的北风异常。因此,前秋巴伦支海海温异常可以作为冬季渤海冰情的预报因子。     

An Electronic Chart Display and Information System

This article introduces the most advanced form of electronic chart display and information systems (ECDIS) which complies with the performance standards for ECDIS established by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) and International Hydrographic Organization (IHO). It also describes the key features and the important functions of ECDIS, which we developed. This system is different from the productions developed by C-map, Seven-cs, offshore, and others. It is more suitable for China Marine Safety Administration Bureau to manage the navigation marks real-time. Using this system charts were located and accessed rapidly, and displayed smoothly. This article also discusses in ECDIS application system how to dynamically access and desert charts data in a limited memory (limited computer memory and resource). We constructed a tridimensional structure to manage a large amount of charts data. Vertically, according to the scale range, all charts were divided into eight levels, and a data structure called as “Multiple Scale Quad-tree” was constructed. And horizontally, a grid (every unit has a fixed size) was given to a certain scale level. We call this data structure a “Regular Page.” We explore the implementation of such a structure on the worldwide charts management utilizing quad-trees. Then we discuss the future development of ECDIS and its application system in marine agencies in China.     

Neutrino mass,luminosity variation,and spectrum of SN1987A

In this paper, the neutrino mass has been determined from SN1987a observation in a manner that the simultaneity of neutrino emission is not regarded as the starting point, but is itself defined through the analysis by Monte-Carlo simulation. The result is that the neutrino mass lies in 3–4 eV, possiblym _v 3.6 eV. Neutrino luminosity variation and neutrino spectrum are also obtained. Comparison with theories gives further support to the mass determination, and also predicts the mass of progenitor star of SN1987a to be in the range of 12–25M .The project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China.     

西湖凹陷平北地区烃源岩特征及生排烃史

为了综合确定平北地区的主力烃源岩,深化其油气成藏动力学过程研究,在烃源岩分布特征及有机质丰度、类型和成熟度分析的基础上,应用舍油气盆地数值模拟技术,定量恢复了研究区主要烃源岩层系的生排烃历史。研究表明,平北地区主要发育始新统平湖组、渐新统花港组两套烃源岩系,其中平湖组暗色泥岩为主力烃源岩,具较高的有机质丰度、成熟度、生排烃强度与排烃效率;以平湖组为源岩的油气系统应是本区油气勘探的主要目标。