农村居民旅游动机分析及其对旅游目的地类型选择的影响研究——以长江三角洲地区为例

以长江三角洲地区为例,首先采用主成分分析法分析农村居民旅游动机,然后通过构建对数回归方程研究旅游动机对“现代化的大城市”、“中小城市”、“历史文化城市”、“旅游城镇”、“山区”和“乡村旅游地”等六大旅游目的地选择的影响程度。研究结果表明：① 长江三角洲农村居民外出旅游动机主要停留在观光游览层次。② 长江三角洲农村居民对探亲访友旅游动机的赞同感知度较低,但探亲访友对于不同目的地选择具有一定影响。③ 长江三角洲农村居民外出旅游非常重视通过旅游能提升其在家人、亲戚、朋友中的地位与声望的功能。④ 旅游安全问题对提升农村居民出游力非常重要,同时农村居民非常注重旅游目的地住宿设施能营造家外之家的感觉。     

Statistics of cloud heights over the Tibetan Plateau and its surrounding region derived from CloudSat data

Cloud-radiation interaction has a large impact on the Earth's weather and climate change, and clouds with different heights cause different radiative forcing. Thus, the information on the statistics of cloud height and its variation in space and time is very important to global climate change studies. In this paper, cloud top height (CTH), cloud base height (CBH) and cloud thickness over regions of the Tibetan Plateau, south slope of the plateau and South Asian Monsoon are analyzed based on CloudSat data during the period from June 2006 to December 2007. The results show that frequency of CTH and CBH in unit area over the studied regions have certain temporal-spatial continuity. The CTH and CBH of different cloud types have different variation scopes, and their seasonal variations are distinct. Cloud thickness is large (small) in summer (winter), and the percentages of different cloud types also have certain regularity.     

Study on the carry capacity of edible jellyfish fishery in Liaodong Bay

Jellyfish fishing is a special type of fishery that mainly exists in some countries of East and Southeast Asia. China has the largest jellyfish fishery yield in the world with an annual harvest of around 300 thousand tons. Liaodong Bay is the most important jellyfish fishery ground in China. However, due to the high benefits of jellyfish fishery, which leads to illegal and out-of-season jellyfish fishing occurring each year in Liaodong Bay. Illegal jellyfish fishery in Liaodong Bay is a typical example of the tragedy of the commons. The key problem is that fishermen seek to an illegally initiate jellyfish fishing as early as possible. In this paper, basing on the data of edible jellyfish’s biology and ecology, we mainly analyzed the history of jellyfish fishery in China, especially in Liaodong bay, and then we calculated the carry capacity of edible jellyfish in Liaodong Bay which is about 300 thousand tons one year. This number is equal to the recent annual yield of edible jellyfish in China. Furthermore, basing on the carry capacity and reasonable quotas price analysis, we set up a Jellyfish fishing quotas and deficit quotas buyback system which could be a suitable and effective solution for jellyfish fishery management and development in Liaodong Bay at the underlying roots. Although China is the first country with edible jellyfish aquaculture, the annual yield of jellyfish aquaculture is only one fifth of jellyfish fishing. So, there is a very bright developing prospect about edible jellyfish aquaculture in China.     

Assessment of the Summer South Asian High in Eighteen CMIP5 Models

The South Asian High(SAH) is one of the most important components of the Asian summer monsoon system. To understand the ability of state-of-the-art general circulation models(GCMs) to capture the major characteristics of the SAH, the authors evaluate 18 atmospheric models that participated in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5/Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project(CMIP5/AMIP). Results show that the multi-model ensemble(MME) mean is able to capture the climatological pattern of the SAH, although its intensity is slightly underestimated. For the interannual variability of the SAH, the MME exhibits good correlation with the reanalysis for the area and intensity index, but poor skill in capturing the east-west oscillation of the SAH. For the interdecadal trend, the MME shows pronounced increasing trends from 1985 to 2008 for the area and intensity indexes, which is consistent with the reanalysis, but fails to capture the westward shift of the SAH center. The individual models show different capacities for capturing climatological patterns, interannual variability, and interdecadal trends of the SAH. Several models fail to capture the climatological pattern, while one model overestimates the intensity of the SAH. Most of the models show good correlations for interannual variability, but nearly half exhibit high root-mean-square difference(RMSD) values. Six models successfully capture the westward shift of the SAH center in the interdecadal trends, while other models fail. The possible causes of the systematic biases involved in several models are also discussed.     

平台场址硬壳层处理方法初探——以南海番禺某油田为例

在南海番禺某存在硬壳层的平台场址内,使用工作级ROV搭载多波束测深系统、浅地层剖面仪和侧扫声纳等设备进行高精度工程物探调查,为钻孔作业提供可靠信息;使用动力定位船及其钻井设备装载大钻头直接钻松浅表砂层(硬壳层),使用ROV在水下为钻杆精确定位,最终消除硬壳层对钻井平台插桩造成的穿刺威胁。     

CMIP6高分辨率模式比较计划（HighResMIP）概况与评述

高分辨率模式比较计划(HighResMIP)是第六次国际耦合模式比较计划(CMIP6)的新增计划,旨在研究水平分辨率提高后对气候模式模拟性能的改进,并借助多模式集合的方法降低模拟的不确定性。中国有5个模式团队在CMIP6 GitHub上注册参加HighResMIP。文中对HighResMIP的科学背景、试验设计和参与模式等方面进行了简要介绍,为需要了解该计划的科研人员提供参考。     

南岭东段区域成矿规律与成矿预测

南岭东段是我国有色、稀有、稀土、放射性矿产资源最富集的地区之一,尤其是石英脉型黑钨矿、热液成因铀矿和离子吸附型稀土矿,都与燕山期尤其是燕山早期的黑云母花岗岩类具有密切的成因联系。本文在前人研究的基础上,概述了南岭东段地层、构造和岩浆岩对矿产产出和分布的控制特点和规律,总结了南岭东段矿床类型、时空分布规律等基本特征,分析了南岭东段重要矿产的找矿前景和方向。强调南岭东段以广泛出露前寒武纪地层为特点,构造复杂,线性构造与环形构造均不同程度控矿,岩浆活动频繁,尤以花岗岩类最为发育,不同控矿因素制约不同矿种的发育。南岭东段矿产丰富,已发现58种矿产、543处小型以上规模矿产地,18种矿床类型,燕山期尤其是燕山早期成矿大爆发,内生矿床多围绕中酸性岩体分布,外生矿产则散布各地而以交通位置便利处工作程度较高。提出万洋山-诸广山钨锡萤石水热资源找矿远景区、崇余犹-三南钨锡稀土铅锌找矿远景区、兴国-于都-赣县钨锡稀土稀有铅锌银金萤石远景区等重要找矿远景区;指出继续加强热液成因铀矿、石英脉型黑钨矿及共伴生锡矿、离子吸附型稀土矿以及萤石、高岭土、地热等矿产的寻找和研究,加强深部和外围找矿,对于南岭东段的地质找...     

金川岩浆铜镍（铂）硫化物矿床铂族金属富集过程及富集机制

金川岩浆铜镍（铂）硫化物矿床是我国最主要的铂族等战略性关键金属宝库。金川矿床中铂族金属的富集过程和富集机制还存在很多争论。本文通过详细的矿物学及矿床学研究,厘定了金川矿床成矿阶段。成矿阶段可划分为硫化物矿浆结晶阶段、挥发分流体作用阶段及热液改造阶段。其中硫化物矿浆结晶阶段的主要矿物组合为镍黄铁矿（Pn- a）- 磁黄铁矿（Po- a）- 黄铜矿（Ccp- a）;挥发分流体作用阶段的主要矿物组合为镍黄铁矿（Pn- b）- 磁黄铁矿（Po- b）- 黄铜矿（Ccp- b）- 黄铁矿（Py- Ⅰ）- 磁铁矿（Mag- Ⅰ）- 菱铁矿- 叶蛇纹石- 磷灰石- 铬铁矿- 白云石- 方解石（Cal- Ⅰ）- 金云母。热液改造阶段的矿物组合为透闪石- 绿泥石- 蛇纹石- 方解石（Cal- Ⅱ）- 磁铁矿（Mag- Ⅱ）。高倍电子探针镜下发现,金川矿床铂族矿物与磁铁矿（Mag- Ⅰ）、黄铁矿（Py- Ⅰ）、铬铁矿、磷灰石、黄铜矿、磁黄铁矿、镍黄铁矿及菱铁矿等共生。金川铜镍硫化物矿床中铂族元素(PGM)矿物主要包括硫砷铱矿（IrAsS）、钯的铋化物、碲化物和硒化物、钯的金属互化物（PdAu2）、砷铂矿（PtAs2）、铂单质以及铂的金属合金（Pt- Fe）。其中大量的PGM分布于镍黄铁矿的裂隙中,或产于镍黄铁矿、磁黄铁矿及蛇纹石裂隙中。与磁铁矿、菱铁矿、铬铁矿、黄铜矿、磷灰石以及叶蛇纹石等矿物共生,指示PGE富集与氧化性流体加入密切相关。金川矿石镍黄铁矿（Pn- b）、磁黄铁矿（Po- b）、黄铜矿（Ccp- b）、黄铁矿（Py- Ⅰ）、磁铁矿（Mag- Ⅰ）以及菱铁矿中高Co含量,表明流体在Co的超常富集过程中也起到了决定性作用。金川矿石中大量碳酸盐矿物、叶蛇纹石、金云母、磁铁矿、黄铁矿、铬铁矿以及富Cl磷灰石的出现;S、Mg元素呈网脉状分布于蚀变橄榄石和硫化物中,推测流体组分可能是一种富C富Cl的富含挥发分的高氧逸度流体。金川铬铁矿、磁铁矿（Ⅰ）、菱铁矿等矿物中高Ti、高Nb含量和高Nb/Ta比值,暗示此流体可能是一种高温的超临界流体。以上特征综合表明该特征流体对金川铜镍硫化物矿床中铂族元素等关键金属的超常富集起到了关键控制作用。当挥发分流体与残余硫化物矿浆相互作用及改造先存硫化物及橄榄石时,不仅会促使Os、Ir、Ru、Rh、Pt、Pd进一步活化、富集,还会导致流体中PGE强烈富集,使得流体中的Pd、Se、Te、Bi、Pt含量不断提高,最终形成大量的PGM。综上所述,本文认为在岩浆演化晚期可能存在一种高氧逸度的富Cl富C的深源流体注入岩浆房,该深源挥发分流体对PGE及Co的迁移和超常富集起到了关键控制作用。     

临沂市城区岩溶地下水流模拟

地下水动力条件变化是导致临沂市城区岩溶塌陷的诱因和动因,通过分析岩溶区地质及水文地质条件,建立了临沂市城区岩溶地下水流数值模型,预测了2007年6月至2019年6月地下水水位时空变化过程。从流场拟合情况看,所建模型拟合效果良好,客观反映了地下水系统演化规律,可以用于岩溶塌陷预警预报,为岩溶塌陷地质灾害防治提供技术依据。