基于有限元分析的卷管法管道安装实时研究

采用卷管法铺设管道时,管道和铺设设备之间的接触作用十分复杂,并且管道在弯曲过程中将会产生塑性变形并可能发生局部屈曲,导致管道失效。基于有限元模型(FEM)实时模拟卷管法安装的整个过程,研究管道与铺设设备之间的接触作用;分析管道对于环境载荷和船体运动的动态响应;获得管道的应力应变值以校核局部屈曲。研究结果表明,管道弯矩大部分来源于管道与安装设备间的接触作用,而环境载荷及船体运动对管道的弯曲应力影响较小。     

长江口邻近海域浮游植物粒级结构特征及其与环境的响应关系

浮游植物的分粒级研究是监测浮游植物特征的重要工具,对于深入了解浮游植物动态的作用也不容忽视。本文的研究目的在于揭示长江口邻近海域春秋季不同粒级的浮游植物分布动态,分析浮游植物粒级结构与环境因素以及浮游动物群落结构的关系。通过2010年春季和秋季对粒径分级叶绿素a浓度的现场调查研究发现：春季,浮游植物主要以微型浮游植物占优势;秋季,微微型浮游植物和微型浮游植物共同占优势。相关分析结果表明,温度和富营养化状况是影响微型和微微型浮游植物对总叶绿素a贡献的重要因素。浮游动物的摄食压力可能对小型浮游植物对总叶绿素a的贡献起着重要的作用。     

Apportioning deformation among depth intervals in an aquifer system using InSAR and head data

Land surface subsidence due to excessive groundwater pumping is an increasing concern in California, USA. Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) is a remote sensing technique for measuring centimeter-to-millimeter surface deformation at 10–100 m spatial resolution. Here, a data-driven approach that attributes deformation to individual depth intervals within an aquifer system by integrating head data acquired from each of three screened intervals in a monitoring well with InSAR surface deformation measurements was developed. The study area was the Colusa Basin in northern Central Valley. To reconstruct the surface deformation history over the study area, 13 ALOS-PALSAR scenes acquired between 2006 and 2010 were processed. Up to ~3-cm year^?1 long-term subsidence and up to ~6 cm seasonal subsidence were observed using the InSAR technique. The technique developed in this paper integrates the InSAR-observed seasonal deformation rate and the co-located head measurements in multiple depth intervals to estimate the elastic skeletal storage coefficient, the time delay between the head change and the observed deformation, and subsequently the deformation of each depth interval. This technique can be implemented when hydraulic head measurements within each depth interval are not correlated with each other. Using this approach, the depth interval that contributed the most to the total subsidence, as well as storage parameters for all intervals, are estimated. The technique can be used for identification of the depth interval within the aquifer system responsible for deformation.

     

气象部门高层次人才队伍发展趋势研究

人才是气象事业高质量发展的基础。气象部门高层次人才是指在气象部门从事专业技术工作,具备优良的素质,良好的职业道德和团队协作精神,有较高业务水平、科研水平,在推进气象事业发展中有较高贡献,起到示范和带动作用的科技型人才。加强气象部门高层次人才队伍建设,是气象事业高质量发展的迫切要求。对气象部门高层次人才发展趋势进行了分析,构建预测模型对未来5年气象部门高层次人才队伍发展进行了预测。     

台风“烟花”衰减后引发江苏中部降水加强分析

2021年第6号台风“烟花”在7月28日衰减为热带低压后,台风外围螺旋雨带致使江苏中部接连出现降水突增现象。本研究利用常规观测资料、数值预报产品和ERA5再分析资料,对强降水过程进行分析。结果表明：ECMWF FINE数值模式产品对于形势场预报较为准确,但中尺度CMA模式更能体现极端降水的量级和落区。分析降水增强原因可知,“烟花”移动时受到高空引导气流作用较小,其在安徽境内打转时,西风槽携带弱冷空气南下降低了大气稳定度并强迫暖湿空气抬升。高低空散度场与涡度场集中在较窄区域内,构成了垂直互耦的优势配置,有利于形成强烈且深厚的上升运动,是暴雨产生和持续的重要动力机制。强降水区位于湿位涡（MPV）负中心的暖湿气流中,MPV负值区可反映暴雨落区。MPV1和MPV2分布体现了冷空气入侵所引发的对流降水特征。此外,江苏中部位于螺旋云带右侧高湿高能区,东北气流与西南气流汇合形成了旺盛的线状对流云团,配合地面辐合线对中尺度系统的触发和维持,从而产生极端强降水。     

Complex frequency-shifted multi-axial perfectly matched layer for frequency-domain seismic wavefield simulation in anisotropic media

Seismic anisotropy has an important influence on seismic data processing and interpretation. Although the frequency-domain seismic wavefield simulation has a problem of solving the large scale linear sparse matrix due to the computational limitations, it has some advantages over the time-domain seismic wavefield simulation including efficient inversion using only a limited number of frequency components and easy implementation of multiple sources. To accurately simulate seismic wave propagation in the frequency domain, we also need to choose the absorbing boundary conditions to absorb artificial reflections from edges of the model as we do in the time domain. Compared with the classical boundary conditions including the perfectly matched layer and complex frequency-shifted perfectly matched layer, the complex frequency-shifted multi-axial perfectly matched layer has been proven to effectively suppress the unwanted reflections at grazing incidence and solve the instability problem in the time-domain seismic numerical modelling in anisotropic elastic media. In this paper, we propose to extend the complex frequency-shifted multi-axial perfectly matched layer absorbing boundary condition to the frequency-domain seismic wavefield simulation in anisotropic elastic media. To test the validity of our proposed algorithm, we compare the results (snapshots and seismograms) of the frequency-domain seismic wavefield simulation with those of the time-domain modelling. The model studies indicate that the complex frequency-shifted multi-axial perfectly matched layer absorbing boundary condition is stable in the frequency-domain seismic wavefield simulation in anisotropic media, and provides better absorbing performance than the complex frequency-shifted perfectly matched layer boundary condition.     

基于观测器的多智能体系统的自适应一致性控制

针对带有非线性动态的高阶多智能系统,本文提出了基于观测器的一致性和自适应控制算法.在一致性算法中加入了历史信息,并且参数增益采用自适应律控制的策略.利用Lyapunov函数、稳定性理论、图论和线性矩阵不等式技巧,得到多智能体系统一致性的充分条件.最后通过数值仿真结果验证该算法的有效性.     

Comparative analysis of fracture identification methods based on gravity anomaly in Heilongjiang

The identification of fractures is of great importance in gravity and magnetic data processing and interpretation.In this study,four fracture identification methods are applied,and widely used in processing and analysis of the gravity anomaly,including vertical second derivative method,tilt derivative method,theta map method and normalized differential method,for gravity data acquired in a given area in Heilongjiang.By comparing the distribution of the zero contour or maximum contour,we summarize the application effects,and both advantages and disadvantages of each method.It is found that tilt derivative method and normalized differential method provide better effects than other two methods:the narrower anomaly gradient belt and higher identification precision of fracture or geological boundary.The inferred fractures and geological boundaries have a great match with the results obtained from geologic map and remote sensing data interpretation.Those study results have definitely provided the theoretical foundation for identifying faults and the geological boundaries.     

小麦作物光合生产模拟研究

以生物学原理为基础，建立了小麦干物质增长的动态模式。该模式考虑了小麦株型、群体光分布、群体光合作用、呼吸作用及同化物分配。输入简单易测的因子，可计算得到光合速率值、群体光分布特征值、群体光合量、呼吸作用速率以及分部位干物重量等，其计算值与这关测值较吻合。     

基于城镇化的中国县级城市碳排放空间分布特征及影响因素

论文选择中国1897个县级城市作为研究单元,基于CHRED-online碳排放公开数据库以及县、县级市社会经济统计数据,采用空间自相关分析和地理探测器方法,探究中国县级城市碳排放空间分布格局及人口、经济、土地多维度城镇化水平对碳排放的影响。结果表明：① 中国县级城市碳排放量非均衡性较高,碳排放总量高值地区数量少,但数值较大。② 碳排放总量空间分布主要呈现东高西低格局,高值地区主要集中于东部、中部大城市周边和内蒙古中部、北部地区,呈“簇状”分布结构。人均碳排放强度和经济碳排放强度则呈现北高南低格局,主要聚集于内蒙古中部、北部和新疆青海交界地区。③ 经济和土地城镇化水平的空间异质性对县级城市碳排放总量差异具有较强的解释力,人口城镇化对碳排放总量影响不明显。经济城镇化及土地城镇化各指标之间交互作用对碳排放影响最为剧烈,并呈现非线性增强作用。④ 在分地区差异性比较中,城镇化水平对西部欠发达地区影响作用最为剧烈。在同一指标的解释力和关键影响因素指标的选取方面,东、中、西部地区也存在明显的空间分异特征。应结合高碳排放区域和城镇化影响作用机制,进行差异化控碳路径选择。