Magnetostratigraphy of the Neogene Chaka basin and its implications for mountain building processes in the north‐eastern Tibetan Plateau

Magnetostratigraphy of sedimentary rock deposited in the Chaka basin (north‐eastern Tibetan Plateau) indicates a late Miocene onset of basin formation and subsequent development of the adjacent Qinghai Nan Shan. Sedimentation in the basin initiated at ～11 Ma. In the lower part of the basin fill, a coarsening‐upward sequence starting at ～9 Ma, as well as rapid sedimentation rates, and northward paleocurrents, are consistent with continued growth of the Ela Shan to the south. In the upper section, several lines of evidence suggest that thrust faulting and topographic development of the Qinghai Nan Shan began at ～6.1 Ma. Paleocurrent indicators, preserved in the basin in the proximal footwall of the Qinghai Nan Shan, show a change from northward to southward flow between 6.5 and 3.8 Ma. At the same location, sediment derived from the Qinghai Nan Shan appears at 6.1 Ma. Finally, the initiation of progressively shallowing dips observed in deformed basin strata and a change to pebbly, fluvial deposits at 6.1 Ma provide a minimum age for the onset of slip on the thrust fault that dips north‐east beneath the Qinghai Nan Shan. We interpret a decrease in sediment accumulation rates since ～6 Ma to indicate a reduction in Chaka basin accommodation space due to active faulting and folding along the Qinghai Nan Shan and incorporation of the basin into the wedge‐top depozone. Declination anomalies indicate the beginning of counter‐clockwise rotation since 6.1 Ma, which we associate with local deformation, not regional block rotation. The emergence of the Qinghai Nan Shan near the end of the Miocene Epoch partitioned the once contiguous Chaka‐Gonghe and Qinghai basin complex. In a regional framework, our study adds to a growing body of evidence that points to widespread initiation and/or reactivation of fault networks during the late Miocene across the north‐eastern Tibetan Plateau.     

旅游村评价指标体系研究——以安徽省黟县为例

从旅游村的概念出发提出影响旅游村发展的四大因素:生态环境、规模、景观特色和管理服务,构建了四大影响因素和20个三级观测指标因子层组成的旅游村评价指标体系。运用层次分析法综合评价,建立模型。以黟县6个旅游村为案例进行实证分析,通过对黟县旅游村的问卷调查,定性和定量地探讨了旅游村各要素层的内在关系以及各因子对旅游村的影响程度。     

分类与集成方法在降雨预报中的应用

介绍一种利用数值预报产品进行降雨预报的方法.该方法按照人工智能分类与集成的思想,利用前馈神经网络将T213、日本、德国的数值预报产品集成在一起,构成一个集成型的预报系统.在此基础上,利用高度场的天气形势和预报区域近低层流场和温湿条件,采用自组织神经网络进行天气分型,并针对不同的天气类型选用不同的预报因子,建立不同的预报模型.按照上述方法,选用江淮流域68个站点2003-2005年的5-9月数据,逐站建模,用2006-2007年5-9月的数据进行分级降水试报.各级降水预报结果表明,集成多家数值预报信息好于仅用单一模式的信息,采用天气分型建模优于不分型的建模.因此,多模式(型)预报结果的综合集成方法的研究,是数值预报解释应用中很值得探索的方向.     

2009年秋季沈丘县连阴雨天气过程分析

从环流形势、影响系统和水汽条件等方面分析了2009年9月7-20日沈丘县出现的历史罕见的秋季连阴雨天气过程的成因:副高脊线位于25°N以北、西伸脊点位于108°E,北部冷空气南下受副高阻挡,在40-50°N形成平直西风带锋区,锋区南侧偏西西北干冷气流与副高边缘西南暖湿气流交汇,切变系统频繁建立,是导致该区连阴雨天气的产生机制.亚洲两槽一脊型建立,蒙古东部低涡加强、东移南下,副高脊线南撤至20°N附近,预示了连阴雨天气结束.     

近40年内蒙古候平均气温变化趋势近

基于1964-2003年内蒙古有关台站的逐日气温数据,对前20年(1964-1983年)和后20年(1984-2003年)的候平均气温中值进行了对比,并利用k-means方法进行了候平均气温变化趋势的聚类分析,旨在阐明内蒙古气温变化的时空特点和规律.研究结果表明:内蒙古全境年平均气温普遍上升,没有下降的现象.不同地区、不同季节气温变化格局不同,北部变暖比南部更为明显,冬季和夏末秋初变暖出现得更频繁.绝大部分地区大多数候平均气温都有所上升,而且候平均气温变化存在纬向地带性.大多数台站四季里都有一些显著升温的候,显著升温在冬季发生得更为频繁.同时,有少数几个候出现气温下降的现象,但未达到显著下降的程度.内蒙古绝大部分地区候最高、最低气温都有所升高,但二者的差值在缩小.候最低气温出现时间有所提前,候最高气温出现时间有提前也有推迟,但总体上不同地区候最高、最低气温出现时间更加同步.因此,候最高、最低气温的时空均一性有所增强.候最高气温出现时间与候最低气温出现时间的间隔有扩大迹象.总之,全球气候变暖降低了气温的季节和地区差异.     

Winter season stratospheric circulation in the SAMIL/LASG general circulation model

In this paper, we examine the performance of the 26-level version of the SAMIL/LASG GCM (R42/L26) in simulating the seasonal cycle and perpetual winter mean stratospheric circulation as well as its variability by comparing them with the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis. The results show that the model is capable of reproducing many key features of the climatology and seasonal variation of the stratospheric circulation despite that the model’s mean polar vortex is stronger and more zonally symmetric compared to the obse...     

塔里木盆地中南部麻扎塔格逆冲—褶皱带变形特征及其意义

麻扎塔格地区地层、地貌及构造变形特征的研究,对于认识塔里木盆地新生代构造演化过程、塔里木—西昆仑的盆山耦合关系、新构造运动对塔里木油气资源分布的影响以及塔克拉玛干沙漠的气候、环境变化都具有重要意义。本文通过卫星照片解译、野外变形观察、剖面实测、地球物理资料解释等手段,对该地区晚新生代的构造特征进行了研究,确定了麻扎塔格构造带为典型的逆冲—褶皱带,并探讨了麻扎塔格逆冲—褶皱带的构造指向、活动时限、隆升速率及缩短速率、东西方向的延伸等问题,取得如下认识:1)麻扎塔格逆冲—褶皱带为西昆仑山前陆褶皱冲断带的前缘部位,和田河气田就是处在逆冲前锋背斜顶部,晚新生代变形作用已明显地改造了塔里木盆地南部及中部的古生代和中生代构造,并促成了和田河气田的形成;2)麻扎塔格山在中新世末(约7 Ma)和中更新世(约780 ka B.P.)经历了两次构造隆升,后一次形成了麻扎塔格逆冲—褶皱带和麻扎塔格山现今的地貌特征;3)估算出麻扎塔格逆冲—褶皱带中更新世以来的隆升速率约为0.26～0.4 mm/a,缩短速率约为0.9 mm/a;4)认为麻扎塔格逆冲—褶皱带向西应与同属西昆仑山前褶皱—冲断带前缘的喀什背斜相连,东端的突然消失可能是由于东段和田河附近存在北东—南西向的走滑断层造成。     

Chronology and geochemistry of Mesozoic granitoids in the Bengbu area,central China: Constraints on the tectonic evolution of the eastern North China Craton

We performed zircon U–Pb dating and analyses of major and trace elements, and Sr–Nd–Pb isotopes for granitoids in the Bengbu area, central China, with the aim of constraining the magma sources and tectonic evolution of the eastern North China Craton (NCC). The analyzed zircons show typical fine-scale oscillatory zoning, indicating a magmatic origin. Zircon U–Pb dating reveals granitoids of two ages: Late Jurassic and Early Cretaceous (²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U ages of 160 Ma and 130–110 Ma, respectively). The Late Jurassic rocks (Jingshan intrusion) consist of biotite-syenogranite, whereas the Early Cretaceous rocks (Huaiguang, Xilushan, Nushan, and Caoshan intrusions) are granodiorite, syenogranite, and monzogranite. The Late Jurassic biotite-syenogranites and Early Cretaceous granitoids have the following common geochemical characteristics: SiO₂ = 70.35–74.56 wt.%, K₂O/Na₂O = 0.66–1.27 (mainly < 1.0), and A/CNK = 0.96–1.06, similar to I-type granite. The examined rocks are characterized by enrichment in light rare earth elements, large ion lithophile elements, and U; depletion in heavy rare earth elements, Nb, and Ta; and high initial ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr ratios (0.7081–0.7110) and low ε_Nd (t) values (? 14.40 to ? 22.77), indicating a crustal origin.The occurrence of Neoproterozoic magmatic zircons (850 Ma) and inherited early Mesozoic (208–228 Ma) metamorphic zircons within the Late Jurassic biotite-syenogranites, together with the occurrence of Neoproterozoic magmatic zircons (657 and 759 Ma) and inherited early Mesozoic (206–231 Ma) metamorphic zircons within the Early Cretaceous Nushan and Xilushan granitoids, suggests that the primary magmas were derived from partial melting of the Yangtze Craton (YC) basement. In contrast, the occurrence of Paleoproterozoic and Paleoarchean inherited zircons within the Huaiguang granitoids indicates that their primary magmas mainly originated from partial melting of the NCC basement. The occurrence of YC basement within the lower continental crust of the eastern NCC indicates that the YC was subducted to the northwest beneath the NCC, along the Tan-Lu fault zone, during the early Mesozoic.     

丘北普者黑岩溶地貌景观特征

通过介绍普者黑地区的岩溶地貌特征,借鉴石林和桂林的研究模式,对普者黑的岩溶地貌形成机理进行了深入研究,并针对普者黑独特的亚热带高原岩溶地貌的特征,阐述了其研究的科学价值。