Recent glitches detected in the Crab pulsar

From 2000 to 2010, monitoring of radio emission from the Crab pulsar at Xinjiang Observatory detected a total of nine glitches. The occurrence of glitches appears to be a random process as described by previous researches. A persistent change in pulse frequency and pulse frequency derivative after each glitch was found. There is no obvious correlation between glitch sizes and the time since last glitch. For these glitches Δν _p and D[(n)\dot]_p\Delta\dot{\nu}_{p} span two orders of magnitude. The pulsar suffered the largest frequency jump ever seen on MJD 53067.1. The size of the glitch is ∼6.8×10⁻⁶ Hz, ∼3.5 times that of the glitch occurred in 1989 glitch, with a very large permanent changes in frequency and pulse frequency derivative and followed by a decay with time constant ∼21 days. The braking index presents significant changes. We attribute this variation to a varying particle wind strength which may be caused by glitch activities. We discuss the properties of detected glitches in Crab pulsar and compare them with glitches in the Vela pulsar.     

模糊综合评判在临沂城区岩溶塌陷危险性评价中的应用

岩溶塌陷是山东省临沂市区最重要的地质灾害类型,该文首次采用基于层次分析的模糊综合评判法对岩溶塌陷进行了危险性现状评价,综合得出了危险性评价分级图,为当地岩溶塌陷防治工作提供了基础数据,也为同类地质灾害预防提供了借鉴模式。     

腾格里沙漠宁夏中卫沙层含水量研究

为了揭示腾格里沙漠地区沙层含水量、水分存在形式、运移和水分平衡等问题,对该沙漠东南部不同沙丘进行了含水量研究.结果显示,腾格里沙漠沙层含水量空间变化大,沙丘中、上部含水量低,下部与洼地含水量高.毛管水层指示毛管水上升高度一般为60 cm左右,毛管水层平均含水量为14.9%.由于研究区相对降水量偏多,沙层水分存在饱和重力水、毛管水、高含量薄膜水和低含量薄膜水等多种形式,在毛管水层之上的沙层水分一般均为薄膜水,5%左右的高含量薄膜水的存在是该区沙层水分含量的突出特点.沙层中薄膜水带的上、中、下部均有含水量较高的层段,表明该区大气降水经蒸发、蒸腾之后,仍有剩余的水分向下入渗,并成为地下水的补给来源.     

江苏如东紫菜增养殖区水环境质量评价

文章对2016年江苏省如东紫菜增养殖区的水质监测数据进行了分析评价,并结合2014年和2015年的监测数据,将3年的监测结果进行比较,结果表明:如东紫菜增养殖区的水温、盐度和pH值适合紫菜生长,虽然近3年均有所变化,但仍有利于紫菜养殖;化学需氧量、溶解氧、无机氮、石油类均符合一类海水水质标准,且年际变化较小;重金属含量均符合一类海水水质标准。但石油类、砷含量正逐年增加,海水中活性磷酸盐含量超出一类海水标准,有机污染指数表明水质开始受到污染状态,应引起重视。     

明代山西霜雪低温灾害特征与周期规律分析

通过对山西明代历史文献资料的搜集和统计分析,研究了该地区霜雪低温灾害的等级、阶段、周期与成因。结果表明,明代山西共发生霜雪低温灾害114次,其中轻、中、重度分别为22,66,26次。灾害变化可分为2个阶段,公元1368—1519年为第一阶段,频次较少,强度较弱,以轻、中度灾害为主;1520—1644年为第二阶段,频次较高,强度较大,以中度和重度灾害为主。小波分析显示,灾害存在3个明显的周期,即2～3 a,9～14 a和45～55 a。明代山西在1531—1533年、1578—1588年、1591—1607年和1631—1642年共发生了4次寒冷气候事件。寒冷气候事件都发生在1520年之后,说明明代中晚期的气候比早期寒冷。     

渭河渭南段高漫滩沉积记录的洪水研究

本文根据渭河渭南段两个典型高漫滩沉积剖面中和2005年洪水沉积中376个样品的粒度分析,并结合历史文献资料研究了高漫滩沉积层代表的洪水变化。结果表明, 渭河高漫滩洪水沉积以粉砂和极细砂为主, 分层明显,分辨率高,能够指示洪水频次、洪水位高度和洪水动力。两个剖面厚度为约5.3m,均可分为19个层位,指示至少发生了19次较大规模的洪水。粒度分析确定的19个洪水阶段与历史文献记录的大洪水阶段基本一致。粒度参数Md、Mz、σ、Sk、Kg在剖面各层差异明显,也指示了各阶段洪水的差异。 其中WN1剖面中第15、14、10、3、12、4、13、6、8、2阶段洪水发生时高漫滩上的洪水深度大于2005年渭南渭河高漫滩上16m的洪水深度,当时河床之上的洪水深度大于81m,其余洪水阶段发生时河床之上的洪水深度接近或略小于81m,是当时发生了大洪水或中等规模洪水的显示。根据渭河流域近代大洪水发生年的降水条件确定,WN1、WN2剖面多数阶段洪水的发生是当年降水量的显著增加造成的。     

The five major changes in the evolution of the Loess Plateau

On the basis of the geomorphology, paleosol, paleoclimate and loess age, major changes of the Loess Plateau were studied. There are five major changes in the evolution of the Loess Plateau in China. Among them, the first, second, third and fourth major changes have taken place since the formation of the Loess Plateau, and the fifth major change will happen in 100 years. The first major change, which occurred at about 2.50 Ma BP, was a transition from red earth plateau to the Loess Plateau, and reflects the climate from the warm-sub-humid to the alteration between cold-and-dry and warm-and-humid. The driving force of this first major change was climate. The second major change, which took place at about 1.60 Ma BP, was a vital transition of the main rivers in this area from non-existence to existence, and represented an important change on the Loess Plateau's neotectonic uplift from the slow rising to periodically accelerated rising, and making the river's erosion go from feeble to strong. The driving force of the second major change is tectonic uplift. The third major change which occurred at about 150 ka, was a great transition of the Yellow River's inpouring from a lake outlet to a sea outlet. At that time, the Yellow River cut the Sanmen Gorge. The transition led to the transformation of loess material from internal transportation to external transportation. The driving force of the third major change was running water erosion. The fourth one that occurred at about 1.1 ka was a change of the Loess Plateau from natural erosion to erosion accelerated by human influences. The driving force of the fourth major change is mainly human activities. The fifth major change, which is the opposite change to the fourth one, in which the motive power is human activity, too.     

中国黄土研究进展

1ThedistributionandpaleoenvironmentsignificanceofloessinChinaIn the world, the loess in China has most extensive distribution, the largest thickness and the most complete times. The distribution area is over 448,000 km2 (Liu, 1985), the thickness is about 505 m (Lei, 1995) and the times began from the Tertiary (Zhao, 1989; Ding etal, 2000; Guo etal., 2002). The loess in China is mainly distributed in the middle reaches of the Huanghe (Yellow) River, and concentrated in the east of Gansu p…     

预应力混凝土斜拉桥的地震响应分析

进行地震作用下双塔双索面预应力混凝土斜拉桥时程法分析，了解全桥的内力分布情况，评价抗震性能并针对地震作用下结构动力特性提出了设计建议。