Critical determinant factors (CDFs) for developing concentrated rural settlement in post-disaster reconstruction: a China study

Housing reconstruction is always the top priority issue in post-disaster reconstruction of rural areas in developing countries. However, the traditional reconstruction approaches, including reconstruction in situ, and resettlement are not sustainable enough for post-disaster reconstruction. Against the dispersion pattern of settlement, this study argues that developing concentrated rural settlement is able to increase the resilience of rural villages and to provide a basis for sustainable development post-disaster. Little study has reported developing concentrated rural settlement in post-disaster reconstruction until the reconstruction post 5.12 Sichuan Earthquake. Yet, there is still an unclear understanding of the factors taken into account when developing concentrated rural settlement in post-disaster reconstruction. This study aims to explore the critical determinant factors to be considered for developing concentrated rural settlement in post-disaster reconstruction with particular reference to the reconstruction post of 5.12 Sichuan Earthquake in China. Through content analysis, a preliminary list of determinant factors was firstly identified. Interviews with the local government officers, planners, and rural victims were conducted to collect opinions on the critical factors. It was found that governmental guidance, victims’ willingness, and economic development condition are three critical dimensions. The findings from this research can help understand the preconditions for developing concentrated rural settlement in post-disaster reconstruction and promote this approach in future.     

基于PS-InSAR技术的丽江断裂形变监测研究

基于PS-InSAR技术,利用欧空局28景ENVISAT ASAR数据,运用小基线集干涉处理方法,提取并分析了丽江断裂2003～ 2010年的平均形变速率.研究结果显示:(1)丽江断裂具左旋走滑形变特征;(2)年平均LOS向形变速率在3 ～5 mm/a之间,与地质资料较吻合.该研究为丽江地区地震预测提供一种可靠的断裂带活动数据,但丽江断裂进入城区后受城市化活动影响,断裂形变与地面沉降信息共存,较难分离.     

Salient man-made object detection based on saliency potential energy for unmanned aerial vehicles remote sensing image

Abstract

It is difficult to automatically recognize complex ground objects, and massive data images with the super-high ground resolution in images captured by unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). In order to directly identify the salient man-made ground objects from the UAV remote sensing (RS) image, a saliency detection method based on saliency potential energy (SPE) is proposed. With a detection, filtration and backtracking strategy, the texture, shape and colour of the UAV RS image are comprehensively and numerally analysed by the SPE to detect the salient man-made objects. Both qualitative and quantitative evaluations have indicated that, compared to the state-of-art saliency detection methods, our method could achieve better performance with better accuracy and less errors, which prove that our method has great application potential in UAV RS image understanding.     

南极阿德雷岛不同基底中真菌的分离培养及初步鉴定

为了探索南极真菌的多样性,进一步揭示其生态学角色和筛选有特定酶活性菌株,本研究对中国第27次南极科学考察采集自阿德雷岛的6份样品进行了真菌的分离培养及其胞外酶活性测定。从6份样品中共分离得到168株真菌,其中大型海藻腐烂物样品中分离到的真菌种类和数量最多,占所分离菌株总数的34.6%;对选取的15株代表菌株进行了真菌ITS1-5.8S-ITS2序列鉴定,结果表明它们分属于4个纲,8个属,其中青霉属5株,假散囊菌属、地丝菌属和枝孢属各2株,生赤壳属、曲霉属、出芽短梗霉属和unclassified Onygenales各 1株,该结果表明南极地区具有丰富的真菌物种多样性,其优势类群青霉菌。胞外酶测定显示产淀粉酶、蛋白酶和纤维素酶产生菌分别占供试菌株的64.6%、45.1%、14.6%,产纤维素酶的菌株可能在南极物质能量循环中扮演着重要角色。     

基于SeagrassNet的广西北部湾海草床生态监测

海草床生态监测的作用不仅在于探讨海草资源本身的现状与发展趋势,更可通过海草监测,来评估所在海区的近海生态环境质量,或提示其它一些生态问题。在海草监测与保护方面,广西乃至中国仍远远落后于澳大利亚、美国以及欧洲一些国家和地区。对广西北部湾而言,仍缺乏具有较强针对性、可操作性和科学性的海草床生态监测方案。基于SeagrassNet监测方法,作者结合了近年来在广西开展的海草生态监测的经验,并针对广西北部湾海草生态系统的特殊性与典型性进行了部分改进,提出了适合于广西北部湾海草床的生态监测方案,是SeagrassNet在广西北部湾本土化的表现,具有较强的科学性和可操作性,以期为我国海草床的生态监测提供借鉴。     

圆筒型鱼礁体纵横布设间距下的水动力特性研究

应用计算流体力学(Computational Fluid Dynamics,CFD)软件数值计算了圆筒型人工鱼礁体在不同纵向和横向布设间距下的水动力特性,实测了圆筒型人工鱼礁体在纵向布设间距1.0L和2.0L (L为礁体长度)下的流场及受力特性,验证了物理模型实验中各个测点的流速值和阻力值,计算值与实验值吻合较好.研究...     

宁德一号井气氡资料异常变化分析

宁德一号井气氡多次出现与气温不同步现象.采用EIS2000软件,对异常进行提取,结果表明,2008年2月至3月,气氡测值与气温变化明显不同步,可能是距离该点87 km的福建古田水口ML 4.8地震前兆异常.     

辽东湾海水透明度的遥感估算模型

海水透明度和水质存在很好的相关性,是水质的重要童度之一.利用卫星遥感估算获取透明度可弥补常规采样方法的数据离散化、耗时长且费用高的缺陷,可得到大尺度海洋透明度分布.以辽东湾为研究区,利用现场实测光谱模拟了MODIS波段从而削除大气干扰,在分析MODIS特征波段基础上,通过比较单波段算法和波段比值法等算法,建立了透明度遥...