内蒙古银额盆地尚丹凹陷中生代构造活动的磷灰石裂变径迹约束

本文通过对银额盆地东南缘尚丹凹陷的三条剖面开展磷灰石裂变径迹研究,揭示了研究区中生代构造演化史。5个样品的中心年龄为129±10~159±11 Ma,径迹长度在12.5±2.0~13.3±1.7μm之间,各样品径迹长度分布具有范围较宽、单峰的特征。反映了在晚侏罗世—早白垩世时期,受燕山Ⅲ幕构造运动影响,研究区遭受抬升、剥蚀的构造事件。该时期抬升速率约为40~55m/Ma,且由北向南逐渐降低,是研究区主要抬升期,油气系统遭受破坏。此后至白垩纪末,研究区阿木山组始终处于生烃门限温度内,且构造背景稳定,有利于油气生成。结合与北部凹陷带所开展工作(磷灰石裂变径迹记录年龄为90~113Ma),证明银额盆地中生代时期存在差异隆升,不同构造位置受不同期次构造运动的影响也存在差异,为银额盆地构造演化研究提供了依据。     

基于COM组件的单站数值预报结果提取与网络动态发布方法

为实现对海量数值预报产品的高效应用和对单站数值预报结果的网络共享,针对ECMWF、T639等数值预报产品特点,创建了一种单站数值预报结果的提取方法,并基于COM组件实现其结果的网络动态发布.本文给出了网络服务器端单站数值预报结果提取COM组件设计的一般思路和关键程序代码,解决了单站数值预报结果的快速提取、直观显示和网络动态实时发布问题.     

Wind tunnel simulation experiment and investigation on the electrification of sandstorms

~~Wind tunnel simulation experiment and investigation on the electrification of sandstorms~~     

Methods for extraction of microorganism DNA from glacier surface snow

In order to thoroughly investigate the diversity of glacier microorganisms, four DNA extraction methods with different lysis patterns were tested and two screened methods (the Bosshard-Bano method and the Zhou method) were optimized for the most effective form of the filter membrane (cut vs. uncut), the DNA extraction method, and the precipitation method. The two optimized methods were then compared with the commercial Mo-Bio DNA extraction kit, and the results showed that the kit was generally suitable for extraction of microorganism DNA from glacier surface snow. Procedurally, it was found that a modified Bosshard- Bano method (i.e., cutting the filter membrane into pieces, using a specific lysis pattern [lysozyme (5 mg/mL)-protease K (1 mg/mL)-CTAB (1%)-SDS (1%)], performing the extraction only once by chloroform-isoamyl alcohol (24:1), and conducting DNA precipitation by pure ethanol) was also an effective and less expensive method for extraction of microorganism DNA from glacier surface snow.     

山区水库水面气温与太阳辐射的修正及应用

考虑到山区水库库面气象要素受周围地形影响, 结合前人的研究, 库区气温计算方法采用回归余项法并计入地形影响, 而对于库区水面上的太阳辐射计算, 则采用了平行山脊坡地上的简化算法。应用结果表明:由经度、纬度、海拔高度和大地形影响等4项建立的多元线性回归气温方程拟合效果显著; 并用同时期盐边气象站的资料进行检验, 检验精度在0.5℃以内。与平地相比, 在山区地形影响下的二滩库区水面太阳辐射有一定程度的改变量, 同时不同河岸坡度对水库水面接收的太阳辐射有较大影响。该方法有效揭示了山区月平均温度和太阳辐射的时空变化。修正后的气温和太阳辐射符合山区实际情况。     

不同海拔祁连园柏树轮和叶片δ13C值的变化

测定了不同海拔的祁连园柏(Sabina przewalskii)树轮和叶片δ13C值以及叶片光合色素、可溶性糖和氮含量.结果表明: 树轮δ13C值重于叶片δ13C值, 并且没有明显的海拔趋势; 叶片δ13C值与叶片光合色素含量明显负相关, 但与叶片氮含量和可溶性糖含量没有相关关系; 近50 a来树轮δ13C值越来越低, 尽管不同海拔的树轮δ13C值的下降程度存在差异.叶片和树轮δ13C值的变化可能主要受气孔运动的影响, 近50 a来树轮δ13C值的下降是由于人类活动造成的.     

中阿尔金南缘志留纪高压泥质片麻岩的发现及其构造地质意义

在中阿尔金南缘西段尤努斯萨依北部原划长城系巴什库尔干岩群中首次发现一套高压泥质片麻岩。根据岩相学观察和矿物化学成分可识别出其四期矿物共生组合:早期为石榴子石+多硅白云母+单斜辉石(?)+斜长石+黑云母+石英+金红石+钛铁矿;第二期为石榴子石+蓝晶石+钾长石+斜长石+黑云母+石英+金红石+钛铁矿;第三期为石榴子石+夕线石+钾长石+斜长石+黑云母+石英+金红石+钛铁矿;晚期为石榴子石+夕线石+斜长石+黑云母+石英+钛铁矿。依据矿物内部一致性热力学数据,基于THERMOCALC 3. 40程序平台,计算出P-T视剖面图,并结合矿物等值线、矿物对温压计等计算,依次确定四期变质温压条件为15. 8～18. 3kbar/646～729℃、10. 30～12. 30kbar/781～821℃、8. 50～9. 60kbar/812～838℃和4. 65～5. 70kbar/698～725℃。上述四期变质阶段共同构成一个早期降压升温后降压降温的顺时针型演化的P-T轨迹,指示出与陆壳俯冲-折返相关的变质地质事件。利用LA-ICP-MS进行的锆石原位微区U-Pb定年和微量元素分析结果表明,该岩石记录了432. 0±2. 7Ma、401. 4±2. 5Ma和381. 1±2. 4Ma三期变质年龄,可能分别代表了该岩石早期高压、中期高压麻粒岩相-麻粒岩相和后期角闪岩相变质阶段的时代。该高压岩石出露于中阿尔金地块西段南缘长城系巴什库尔干岩群之中,与南侧以断裂带分隔的赋存于阿尔金岩群之中的南阿尔金高压-超高压岩石出露的构造位置明显不同,其峰期变质时代(～432Ma)亦明显不同于南阿尔金高压-超高压岩石的峰期变质时代(～500Ma)。因此,该高压岩石与南阿尔金高压-超高压岩石显然不能构成同一条变质岩带。结合区域地质背景和前人关于柴北缘陆壳属性高压-超高压岩石峰期变质时代(～430Ma)的研究成果综合分析,本文初步认为该高压岩石可能是柴北缘高压-超高压变质岩带的西延或是被中新生代以来阿尔金复杂多期次走滑断裂系迁移而就位于中阿尔金南缘的部分柴北缘高压-超高压变质岩片/岩块。     

The vertical influence of temperature and precipitation on snow cover variability in the Central Tianshan Mountains,Northwest China

Seasonal snow cover in mountainous regions will affect local climate and hydrology. In this study, we assessed the role of altitude in determining the relative importance of temperature and precipitation in snow cover variability in the Central Tianshan Mountains. The results show that: (a) in the study area, temperature has a greater influence on snow cover than precipitation during most of the time period studied and in most altitudes. (b) In the high elevation area, there is a threshold altitude of 3,900 ± 400 m, below which temperature is negatively correlated whereas precipitation is positively correlated to snow cover, and above which the situation is the opposite. Besides, this threshold altitude decreases from snow accumulated period to snow stable period and then increases from snowmelt period to snow‐free period. (c) Below 2,000 m, there is another threshold altitude of 1,400 ± 100 m during the snow stable period, below (above) which precipitation (temperature) is the main driver of snow cover.