The logratio approach to the classification of modern sediments and sedimentary environments in northern South China Sea

Grain-size measurements are a type of compositional data and thus subject to closure effects and nonnormality. The logratio transform of Aitchison successfully resolves these problems in compositional data analysis. An application to modern sediment data from the northern part of the South China Sea demonstrates that logratio principal components analysis provides a clear separation of data which cannot be obtained by ordinary principal components analysis, and that cluster analysis using logratio principal components gives a much better classification of sediments than does cluster analysis using raw data. The delineation of sedimentary environments on the basis of a logratio classification of sediment samples provides a better understanding of hydrodynamic conditions on the shelf.     

隈子—寇半沟区金矿床包裹体研究及外围矿点远景评价

限子矿床矿脉石英中分布有密集呈云雾状,灰黑色,负晶形为主的包裹体群。CO_2包裹体丰富,含CaCl_2等钙盐类的子矿物包裹体及有机包裹体发育。特别是还发现有大量流体熔融包裹体,成矿以300～380℃为主,流体呈中性,弱还原环境。寇半沟矿床成因与之类似,本文根据其包裹体特征,初步讨论了该类型矿床成因,并根据包裹体特点对外围矿点石英脉进行了深部成矿预测。     

Database system for deep seismic sounding

A new technique to handle massive geophysical data has been developed with the aid of database in last decade. In this paper, we describe briefly the formation of deep seismic sounding database, the functions of the database management system, and the current research situation on this technique in China. The database is based on the Chinese version of the relational database management software package named FoxBase. The established database shows the features of low redundancy, and high data-sharing, independence and integrity. Its management system has advantages of high efficiency and convenience. This database can further be upgraded to a database for all kinds of deep geophysical methods.     

巴里坤红井子地区中石炭统阿什喀腊组浊积岩的发现及其意义

阿什喀腊组浊积岩野外识别标志明显，如层面构造的底部冲刷面、工具模和层内构造的粒序层理、包卷层理、同生叠瓦状泥砾构造、水平层理、沙纹交错层理等鉴别特征清楚；生物丰富，尤其深海一半深海遗迹化石组合十分明显；浊积岩的剖面结构类型虽然复杂多样，但总体分析，以远源浊积岩为主。鲍马序列清晰，一般为小型。该浊积岩的发现对红井子地区和博格达地区的大地构造分析具有重要意义。     

莫桑比克罗非鱼在降温过程中与呼吸有关的血糖和乳酸含量变化的研究

在海水中养殖的莫桑比克罗非鱼(Oreochromis mossambicus),水温从20℃开始,以1℃/小时速度下降到10℃为终止温度时发现随着温度的逐渐下降,呼吸次数逐渐减少,水温降至14℃以下时,明显地表现出机能的衰竭。本文对与鱼类体温调节有关的血糖和乳酸的含量,在不同的温度梯度下进行了测定。并对以上两种供能物质的变动情况与呼吸机能衰竭的相互关系进行了分析和讨论。     

破碎波概率分析及实测结果

总结破碎波近年来的研究状况，从理论上对计算破碎波发生率进行分析。并利用先进的实验设备和良好的现场条件，从实验研究出发，在研究波浪破碎过程及其与环境参量的关系中，对破碎波发生率进行实际测量。利用不同的破碎波判据对破碎波发生率进行了计算、比较和分析，结果指出；利用不同的破碎波判据计算的破碎波发生率相差很大，甚至相差３～４倍。     

栉孔扇贝氨基酸组份与含量的比较研究

本文指出栉孔扇贝干贝氨基酸含量较高,次于虾夷扇贝,高于海湾扇贝。其氨基酸的含量与个体大小成反比。在软体部中以闭壳肌的氨基酸含量最高:闭壳肌的平滑肌的氨基酸含量高于横纹肌。从分析栉孔扇贝的17种氨基酸中以谷氨酸含量最高。栉孔扇贝外套膜和内脏块均含有相当量的氨基酸,可加以利用     

Self-similar dynamics of a magnetized polytropic gas

In broad astrophysical contexts of large-scale gravitational collapses and outflows and as a basis for various further astrophysical applications, we formulate and investigate a theoretical problem of self-similar magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) for a non-rotating polytropic gas of quasi-spherical symmetry permeated by a completely random magnetic field. Within this framework, we derive two coupled nonlinear MHD ordinary differential equations (ODEs), examine properties of the magnetosonic critical curve, obtain various asymptotic and global semi-complete similarity MHD solutions, and qualify the applicability of our results. Unique to a magnetized gas cloud, a novel asymptotic MHD solution for a collapsing core is established. Physically, the similarity MHD inflow towards the central dense core proceeds in characteristic manners before the gas material eventually encounters a strong radiating MHD shock upon impact onto the central compact object. Sufficiently far away from the central core region enshrouded by such an MHD shock, we derive regular asymptotic behaviours. We study asymptotic solution behaviours in the vicinity of the magnetosonic critical curve and determine smooth MHD eigensolutions across this curve. Numerically, we construct global semi-complete similarity MHD solutions that cross the magnetosonic critical curve zero, one, and two times. For comparison, counterpart solutions in the case of an isothermal unmagnetized and magnetized gas flows are demonstrated in the present MHD framework at nearly isothermal and weakly magnetized conditions. For a polytropic index γ=1.25 or a strong magnetic field, different solution behaviours emerge. With a strong magnetic field, there exist semi-complete similarity solutions crossing the magnetosonic critical curve only once, and the MHD counterpart of expansion-wave collapse solution disappears. Also in the polytropic case of γ=1.25, we no longer observe the trend in the speed-density phase diagram of finding infinitely many matches to establish global MHD solutions that cross the magnetosonic critical curve twice.      

基于GPS观测资料反演庄浪河断裂带、马衔山北缘断裂带的滑动速率

根据地质资料,首先建立庄浪河断裂带、马衔山北缘断裂带空间展布的三维几何模型和分段模型,并把地质方法大致推测或估计的各段滑动速率和滑动方式作为先验初值,通过三维深断裂位错模型对GPS观测站点速度场的最佳拟合,反演获得各断裂段的现今滑动速率。结果表明,马衔山北缘断裂有1.4～3.0mm/a的逆倾滑,且中部断层段有约3mm/a的左旋走滑;庄浪河断裂有0.6～1.2mm/a的逆倾滑,走滑分量不明显。这些滑动速率值均在地质方法的推测范围内,且模型预测的GPS站点速度与实际观测值在整体上取得了较好的吻合。本研究表明,对于庄浪河断裂带、马衔山北缘断裂带这样一些滑动速率相对较低且传统地质调查方法较难实施的断裂,基于GPS观测结果的滑动速率反演是一种有效的补充手段     

汶川、芦山地震前龙门山断裂带地壳形变特征对比分析

为研究2008年汶川地震和2013年芦山地震前地壳形变特征,本文利用1999—2015年四期GPS速度场和1990—2017年跨断层短水准资料,对跨断层GPS速度剖面、GPS应变率场、断层闭锁程度和滑动亏损、跨断层年均垂直变化速率等进行了分析讨论,总结了汶川和芦山地震前后龙门山断裂带三维地壳变形演化特征。结果表明,汶川地震前龙门山断裂带中、北段处于强闭锁状态、断层面应力应变积累水平很高,而龙门山断裂带西南段闭锁较弱、变形速率明显高于中北段、依然可以积累应力应变,汶川地震震源位于闭锁相对弱的部位,这可能是导致汶川地震自初始破裂点沿龙门山断裂带向北东方向单侧破裂,而震中西南方向断层并没有发生破裂的原因之一。汶川地震的发生引起龙门山断裂带西南段应力应变积累速率加快、断层闭锁程度增强、闭锁面积增大,这在一定程度上促进了芦山地震的发生,而芦山地震震源位于汶川地震前强闭锁和弱闭锁的高梯度过渡部位。因为芦山地震只释放了龙门山断裂带西南段有限的应变能,并没有显著缓解该段的地震危险性,所以汶川和芦山地震之间的地震空段以及芦山地震西南方向的地震空段,依然需要持续关注。此外,本文还收集和对比分析了多次6～9级地震前地壳变形特征,同样显示地震成核于闭锁高梯度带区域而非完全闭锁区域内部,并且随着震级升高闭锁断层面的长度也在增大,这一现象还需在高分辨率形变数据的帮助下进行深入研究和分析。