GIS支持的城市固体废弃物规划管理信息系统构建

研究了基于组件式GIS平台MapX的城市固体废弃物规划管理信息系统的设计与实现;讨论了系统框架与系统功能设计、数据库设计和系统实现的关键技术。以昆明市为例,构建了基于MapX的城市固体废弃物规划管理信息系统。该系统能够实现城市固体废弃物各类数据的采集、表达和输出,提供与城市固体废弃物管理模型无缝集成的接口,可利用地图、文字、表格等多种手段为城市固体废弃物规划管理提供辅助决策。     

西藏雅鲁藏布江缝合带中段仁布豆荚状铬铁矿成因及构造意义

藏南雅鲁藏布江缝合带为目前国内铬铁矿储量最大的缝合带.本文报道了缝合带中段仁布蛇绿岩的豆荚状铬铁矿床,围绕矿床特征开展成因探讨,对缝合带的形成演化和成矿作用提供新制约.仁布蛇绿岩呈近东西走向带状产出,主要由近30个大小不等的地幔橄榄岩体组成.地幔橄榄岩体主要为经历不同程度蛇纹石化的方辉橄榄岩和少量纯橄岩.在纯橄岩和方辉...     

松嫩平原典型黑土分布区土壤呼吸研究

在松嫩平原典型黑土分布区,选择耕地、休耕地、自然荒地3种土地利用方式进行土壤CO₂呼吸研究。采用壕沟隔断法,探讨了植物根系呼吸在不同土地利用方式下的差异,采用温度敏感系数Q10分析了不同土地利用方式下土壤呼吸对温度的敏感性。结果表明: 土壤呼吸受多方面因素影响,包括土壤温度、湿度、植被类型、农业生产活动等。土壤呼吸日变化过程中,温度是影响土壤呼吸速率的决定性因素。在夏季植物根系呼吸所占的比例最大,超过了50％,春秋两季根系呼吸所占的比例相对较少。受植物种类及植物根系呼吸在土壤呼吸中所占比例大小的影响,在3种不同的土地利用方式下根系自养呼吸所占的比例大小顺序依次为荒地>休耕地>耕地。有根系的土壤呼吸对土壤温度升高的反应要敏感些。     

营口-潍坊断裂带的新构造和新构造活动

裂带是郯庐断裂带通过渤海的部分.郯庐断裂带是我国东部一条规模巨大的NNE-NE向构造带,具有长期发育的历史,新近纪以来的新构造活动相当强烈,尤其是位于渤海的营潍断裂带.但因以前渤海石油地质勘探和研究注重古近纪的地层和构造,而有关新近纪以来的地质资料甚少,致使它成为郯庐断裂带新构造和新构造活动研究程序最低的部分.     

2010年1月24日山西河津-万荣MS4.8地震的震源机制解与发震构造探讨

2010年1月24日,山西省运城市河津-万荣交界地区发生Ms4.8地震.由于本次地震强度较低,并未形成地表破裂带,分析其发震构造具有一定的困难.地震现场工作队只能根据浅层人工地震剖面、附近钻孔资料、烈度等震线长轴和震中区附近活动断裂等来推定,认为西辛封隐伏断裂为可能的发震断裂.为此,下面我们将在分析本次地震的震源机制解、序列三维空间分布特征的基础上,结合本次地震的宏观考察结果,确定其发震构造并探讨发震机理.     

The mean value concept in mono-linear regression of multi-variables and its application to trace studies in geosciences

The "mean value concept" in a mono-linear regression of multi-variables is clarified.Its applications to reconstruction of the past 90-year salinity of the sea surface water in Xisha Islands and to tracing the past 80 ka paleo-geomagnetic events from the Luochuan loess 10Be record are introduced in detail,which show the significance and the potential of the "mean value concept" in geoscience research.     

网络地理信息系统（WebGIS）在地震研究中的应用

介绍了网络地理信息系统（WebGIS）的概念、原理、实现技术和发展现状;讨论了WebGIS在地震研究中的重要作用和发展前景;开发了一个地震地质基础信息WebGIS应用系统．该系统基于浏览器／服务器体系结构,能够实现空间数据和GIS应用系统的网络共享和初步的协同工作．这一技术方案在地震研究领域具有广阔的应用前景,很值得推广．     

Simulation of spatially correlated earthquake ground motions for engineering purposes

A new model to simulate spatially correlated earthquake ground motions is developed. In the model, the main factors that characterize three distinct effects of spatial variability, namely, the incoherency effect, the wave-passage effect and the site-response effect, are taken into account, and corresponding terms/parameters are incorporated into the well known model of uniform ground motions. Some of these terms/parameters can be determined by the root operation, and others can be calculated directly. The proposed model is fi rst verif ied theoretically, and examples of ground motion simulations are provided as a further illustration. It is proven that the ensemble expected value and the ensemble auto-/cross-spectral density functions of the simulated ground motions are identical to the target spectral density functions. The proposed model can also be used to simulate other correlated stochastic processes, such as wave and wind loads.     

HOUGH变换在海浪遥感图像处理中的应用

本文提出了一种以FIOUGH变换为基础的海浪波长波向分析法,并对SEASAT合成孔径雷达获取的海洋遥感图像进行了方向和波长分析。该方法模拟人类纹理视觉机理,首先应用CFCM动态聚类方法对波峰、波谷和过渡带进行分类,然后采用随机行走模型对分类图像进行滤波,以获得整图的全局走向信息,再以此先验信息为先导对分类后的纹理图像进行定向跟踪拟合,得到代表海浪波峰的直线族图,最后在再对此图进行HOUGH变换和分析的基础上得到精确的波长与波向。     

A DIAGNOSTIC STUDY OF THE TELECONNECTION ASSOCIATED WITH THE WARM POOL OF THE WESTERN PACIFIC AND ASIAN MONSOON DURING EL NINO AND NON-EL NINO YEARS

Based on the monthly mean OLR, geopotential height and wind data from the NCEP/NCAR reanalyzed data sets for 1982-1996, the atmospheric teleconnection associated with the warm pool of the tropical western Pacific and Asian monsoon region during E1 Nino and non-El Niño years are studied diagnostically in this paper. It is found that, the teleconnection pattern caused by the activity of the Asian summer monsoon (ASM) emanates from the Asian monsoon region to the tropical eastern Pacific via the Aleutians in summer of the El Niño years. In the non-El Niño years, however, the ASM-related teleconnection pattern stretches northward and westward from the Asian monsoon region, exerting its influences mainly on the circulation over middle and high latitude rather than that over the tropical eastern Pacific. Evidences also show that the anomalous convection over the tropical western Pacific warm pool leads to the East Asia/Pacific(EAP) teleconnection pattern during the non-El Niño years. It is interesting to note that the teleconnection in the 500 height field associated with the warm pool convection disappears in the El Niño years. The differences of the teleconnection pattern between the El Niño years and the non-El Niño years suggest that the activities of the ASM and the convection over the warm pool of the tropical western Pacific, the most energetic weather events in boreal summer, are intertwined and interactive with other global-scale circulation in different ways under different climate backgrounds.