磺酸自硬砂引起球铁件表层异常组织的研究

通过实验研究,用甲苯磺酸作催化剂的呋喃树脂自硬砂与稀土镁作催化剂生产的球铁件,通常在其铸件表层出现异常组织。提出导致异常组织产生的原因,同时又降低了试件的冲击值,并且采用反应型或屏蔽型涂料将可防止球铁件表层异常组织缺陷,为生产性能良好的球铁件提供技术依据。     

球面等积网格系统生成算法与软件模型研究

利用全球离散网格系统管理海量空间信息是一种受到普遍关注的新途径,具有等积特性的网格系统在大范围遥感影像数据处理方面具有重要的理论意义和应用前景。文中论述的算法在二十面体展开图上建立坐标系描述不同剖分产生的多分辨率网格,利用施奈德多面体投影映射到球面。针对算法特点设计具有网络模拟功能的软件模型。实验结果表明,该软件模型具有较好的扩展性。     

GPS参考站网络的多路径误差建模技术研究

通过研究多路径误差的周日重复性特征,将参考站网络多路径历史数据用于减弱参考站网络基线解算中的多路径效应影响,以提高网络解算(尤其指低高度角卫星和新升卫星)的初始化进程及可靠性。通过分析多路径误差的产生机理,研究多路径误差与信噪比信息的强相关关系,建立信噪比相关网络内插模型(SNRIM),用于流动用户位置高精度多路径改正数的实时计算。最后通过四川GPS观测网络实验,验证上述方法在网络高精度实时定位领域应用的有效性及可靠性。     

球面Delaunay三角网更新算法及其在GPS网络中的应用研究

本文利用球面Delaunay三角网(SDTIN)的定义开发出一种SDTIN的快速更新算法。使用国际大地参考框架(ITRF)的GPS站点构造了全球SDTIN,并通过插入新站点和删除原站点来验证该算法的正确性。并用更新算法与重新构造算法进行了效率比较。该算法已经成功的应用在自主开发的网络RTK系统中。     

GNSS/地磁组合的室内外无缝定位平滑过渡方法

针对室内外无缝定位在室内外过渡点精度低、不能平滑自动切换等问题,结合GNSS定位技术以及室内地磁指纹节点的组合方法来实现室内外无缝定位及导航。由于从室外至室内时接收机接收到的卫星星数减少、GDOP值逐渐增加、定位的误差增大,因此室内地磁定位精度逐渐优于GNSS定位精度,在两个定位精度临界点通过分析计算得出GDOP最优转化范围值,进行平稳切换。此次试验仿真结果表明,GDOP在3~3.5进行切换与单一GNSS或地磁方法定位的精度相比,分别提高85.7%和82.6%,从而达到了室内外的高精度无缝定位,填补了国内外在室内外无缝定位上没有合适的切换界定的空白。     

Initial results of centralized autonomous orbit determination of the new-generation BDS satellites with inter-satellite link measurements

Autonomous orbit determination is the ability of navigation satellites to estimate the orbit parameters on-board using inter-satellite link (ISL) measurements. This study mainly focuses on data processing of the ISL measurements as a new measurement type and its application on the centralized autonomous orbit determination of the new-generation Beidou navigation satellite system satellites for the first time. The ISL measurements are dual one-way measurements that follow a time division multiple access (TDMA) structure. The ranging error of the ISL measurements is less than 0.25 ns. This paper proposes a derivation approach to the satellite clock offsets and the geometric distances from TDMA dual one-way measurements without a loss of accuracy. The derived clock offsets are used for time synchronization, and the derived geometry distances are used for autonomous orbit determination. The clock offsets from the ISL measurements are consistent with the L-band two-way satellite, and time–frequency transfer clock measurements and the detrended residuals vary within 0.5 ns. The centralized autonomous orbit determination is conducted in a batch mode on a ground-capable server for the feasibility study. Constant hardware delays are present in the geometric distances and become the largest source of error in the autonomous orbit determination. Therefore, the hardware delays are estimated simultaneously with the satellite orbits. To avoid uncertainties in the constellation orientation, a ground anchor station that “observes” the satellites with on-board ISL payloads is introduced into the orbit determination. The root-mean-square values of orbit determination residuals are within 10.0 cm, and the standard deviation of the estimated ISL hardware delays is within 0.2 ns. The accuracy of the autonomous orbits is evaluated by analysis of overlap comparison and the satellite laser ranging (SLR) residuals and is compared with the accuracy of the L-band orbits. The results indicate that the radial overlap differences between the autonomous orbits are less than 15.0 cm for the inclined geosynchronous orbit (IGSO) satellites and less than 10.0 cm for the MEO satellites. The SLR residuals are approximately 15.0 cm for the IGSO satellites and approximately 10.0 cm for the MEO satellites, representing an improvement over the L-band orbits.     

不同DEM数据源的艾比湖流域仿真水系对比

针对干旱半干旱地区内陆河流域在仿真水系模拟方面研究较少和数据适用性的问题,该文提出利用SRTM3-DEM和ASTER-GDEM两种数据源对艾比湖流域进行仿真水系模拟和精度对比的研究。采用ArcGIS Hydrology模型分别对两种DEM进行水系模拟,通过多次设置参数和阈值,实现了不同水平分辨率和不同阈值河网水系的对比分析;然后利用Google Map河流数据和实测水系数据进行精度验证,同时采用"套河差"算法研究水系的差异。结果表明:SRTM3-DEM模拟的河网水系与实际水系更接近,吻合精度较高;DEM的坡度和水平分辨率对模拟水系的影响不大,但DEM的垂直精度对模拟水系的吻合精度起控制作用。本研究为艾比湖流域在水文方面的研究提供了一定的参照和依据。     

Influence of underground space development mode on the groundwater flow field in Xiong’an new area

The degree and scale of underground space development are growing with the continuous advancement of urbanization in China. The lack of research on the change of the groundwater flow field before and after the development of underground space has led to various problems in the process of underground space development and operation. This paper took the key development zone of the Xiong’an New Area as the study area, and used the Groundwater modeling system software (GMS) to analyse the influence on the groundwater flow field under the point, line, and surface development modes. The main results showed that the underground space development would lead to the expansion and deepening of the cone of depression in the aquifer. The groundwater level on the upstream face of the underground structure would rise, while the water level on the downstream face would drop. The “line” concurrent development has the least impact on the groundwater flow field, and the maximum rise of water level on the upstream side of the underground structure is expected to be approximately 3.05 m. The “surface” development has the greatest impact on the groundwater flow field, and the maximum rise of water level is expected to be 7.17 m.     

Performance evaluation of ultrafine cement as a grout for reservoir impermeability improvement

Acta Geotechnica - Although Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) has been widely used as one of the significant grouting materials, there are many drawbacks to its application in the field. In this...     

土石混合体-基岩界面剪切力学特性块石尺寸效应

土石混合体-基岩界面的抗剪强度是控制坡体稳定性的重要参数之一,是工程设计的重要参数。为探究块石尺寸对土石混合体-基岩界面剪切力学特性的影响,开展了含不同块石尺寸的土石混合体-基岩界面室内大型剪切试验。结果表明：接触界面的破坏模式受块石尺寸和法向压力的影响不显著,均表现为应变硬化特征;法向压力会削弱块石尺寸效应的影响;随块石尺寸增加,抗剪强度和抗剪强度指标（φ、c）先增加后减少,既存在着正尺寸效应,又存在着负尺寸效应,尺寸效应对内摩擦角φ的影响有限,整体在29°波动,而对表观黏聚力c影响较大;不同块石尺寸试样在不同法向压力作用下均表现出了明显的剪缩行为,法向压力能够增强土石混合体的剪缩特性;土石混合体-基岩界面为薄弱的潜在滑移面,随着块石尺寸系数的增加,薄弱破坏面有向土石混合体内部转化的趋势。