地球空间信息技术在新一轮国土资源大调查中的应用探讨

从分析全球变化和社会可持续发展研究的要求出发,提出地球空间信息技术的形成背景和应用基础。针对新一轮国土资源大调查的性质和任务,探讨了地球空间信息技术在新一轮国土资源大调查中的应用。     

A new method for GLONASS inter-frequency bias estimation based on long baselines

GPS Solutions - Frequency division multiplexing of GLONASS signals causes inter-frequency bias (IFB) in receiving equipment. IFB significantly increases the difficulties of fixing GLONASS...     

Enhanced orbit determination for BeiDou satellites with FengYun-3C onboard GNSS data

GPS Solutions - A key limitation for precise orbit determination of BeiDou satellites, particularly for satellites in geostationary orbit (GEO), is the relative weak geometry of ground stations....     

Variations in the Ice Phenology and Water Level of Ayakekumu Lake,Tibetan Plateau,Derived from MODIS and Satellite Altimetry Data

The alpine lakes on the Tibetan Plateau (TP) are highly sensitive to variations in climate changes, and the lake ice phenology and water level are considered to be direct indicators of regional climate variability. In this study, we first used 14 years of moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer snow cover products to analyse the freeze dates, ablation dates, and ice coverage durations. The lake level changes during 2002–2015 were estimated, derived from satellite altimetry and Hydroweb data. Unexpectedly, the freeze dates of lake ice greatly advanced, and the ablation dates were markedly delayed. The complete freezing duration lengthened by approximately 77 days. As a result of the warm-wet climate in the northern TP, the lake area expanded from 770 to 995 km² during 2002–2015, and the water levels rose by 4.2 m in total, at a rate of 0.3 m/year. The progressive expansion of Ayakekumu Lake profoundly affected the ice phenology. Larger water volume with larger thermal capacity likely led to the delaying of ablation dates, with the freezing point depression caused by decreasing salinity. Some new narrow and shallow bays located in southern and eastern Ayakekumu Lake were conducive to early freezing of ice. Additionally, the changes in air temperature, precipitation, potential evaporation, and sunshine duration may be related to the prolonged ice cover duration since 2002. In sum, accurate measurements of lake ice and water levels are critical for understanding the water resource balance and hydrologic cycle in arid or semi-arid regions of China.     

基于GWR的四川省医院床位数时空分布及其影响因素研究

合理配置医疗资源是加快医疗体系建设的重要基础和内在要求,研究自然和经济社会因素对医疗资源配置的影响,可为医疗服务体系科学规划和建设提供有力支持。本文以2000-2002年、2005-2007年、2010-2012年3个时期的四川省区县公立医院床位数为例,利用空间分析技术研究了区县床位的时空变化特征,并采用地理加权回归模型方法解释了经济、人口、交通、地形等因素对其时空异质性的影响。结果表明:2000-2012年,川东地区的床位数总体高于川西高原,在区县尺度呈现显著的空间聚集性分布特征(3个时期的漠然指数分别为0.16、0.15、0.18,p<0.01),其时空异质性与地形、人口、经济及交通等因素关系密切,且地形起伏度、人口、交通要素在川西高原影响尤为明显。因此,应依据四川省医疗水平的现状和驱动因子的效应机理,因地制宜规划和建设医疗卫生服务体系,促使其平衡发展,以提高医疗卫生基础设施对居民健康的保障能力。     

A closed-loop EKF and multi-failure diagnosis approach for cooperative GNSS positioning

Current cooperative positioning with global navigation satellite system (GNSS) for connected vehicle application mainly uses pseudorange measurements. However, the positioning accuracy offered cannot meet the requirements for lane-level positioning, collision avoidance and future automatic driving, which needs real-time positioning accuracy of better than 0.5 m. Furthermore, there is an apparent lack of research into the integrity issue for these new applications under emerging driverless vehicle applications. In order to overcome those problems, a new extended Kalman filter (EKF) and a multi-failure diagnosis algorithm are developed to process both GNSS pseudorange and carrier phase measurements. We first introduce a new closed-loop EKF with partial ambiguity resolution as feedback to address the low accuracy issue. Then a multi-failure diagnosis algorithm is proposed to improve integrity and reliability. The core of this new algorithm includes using Carrier phase-based Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring method for failure detection, and the double extended w test detectors to identify failure. A cooperative positioning experiment was carried out to validate the proposed method. The results show that the proposed closed-loop EKF can provide highly accurate positioning, and the multi-failure diagnosis method is effective in detecting and identifying failures for both code and carrier phase measurements.     

Assessing Performance of Tomo-SAR and Backscattering Coefficient for Hemi-Boreal Forest Aboveground Biomass Estimation

Tomo-SAR technique has been used for hemi-boreal forest height and further forest biomass estimation through allometric equation. Backscattering coefficient especially in longer wavelength (L- or P-band) is thought as a useful parameter for hemi-boreal forest biomass retrieval. The aim of this paper is to assess the performance of vertical backscattering power and backscattering coefficient for hemi-boreal forest aboveground biomass (AGB) estimation with airborne P-band data. The test site locates in southern Sweden called Remningstorp test site, and the in-situ forest AGB ranges from 14 t/ha to 245 t/ha at stand level. Multi-baseline P-band Pol-InSAR data in repeat-path mode collected during March and May in 2007 at Remningstorp test site was used. We found that the correlation coefficient (R) between backscattering coefficient of P-band HH polarization and the in-situ forest biomass reached 0.87. The R for P-band VV backscattering power at 5 m is 0.71 and 10 m is 0.72. Backscattering coefficient in HH polarization and vertical backscattering power at 5 m and 10 m were applied to construct a model for hemi-boreal forest AGB estimation by backward step-wise regression and cross-validation approach. The results showed that the estimated forest AGB ranges from 19 to 240 t/ha, and the constructed model obtained a higher R and smaller RMSE, the value of R is 0.91, RMSE is 30.43 t/ha at Remningstorp test site.     

联系测量在地铁工程中的应用研究

城市地铁施工通常采用联系测量将平面位置、高程引入地下,常用一井定向与两井定向,本文结合工程实例在一井定向过程中采用连接三角形方法进行平面坐标系的传递,一方面在内业数据处理方中采用闭合导线约束平差的思想及方法进行处理,从而提高定向点点位精度;另一方面利用陀螺全站仪来加测地下导线边方位角的方法来提高井下定向边的定向精度.本...