Earthquake, strong tide and global low temperature

" La Madre " is a kind of upper atmospheric air current, and occurs as " warm phase " and " cold phase " in the sky of Pacific Ocean alternately. There exists this phenomenon, called " Oscillation Decade in the Pacific" (ODP), for 20-30 years. It is concerned with 60 year cycle of the tides. Lunar oscillations explain an intriguing 60-year cycle in the world's temperature. Strong tides increase the vertical mixing of water in the oceans, drawing cold ocean water from the depths to surface, where it cools the atmosphere above. The first strong seismic episode in China was from 1897 to 1912; the second to the fifth was the in1920-1937, 1946-1957, 1966-1980, 1991-2002, tsrectruely. The alternative boundaries of "La Madre " warm phase and cold phase were in 1890, 1924, 1946 and 2000, which were near the boundaries of four strong earthquakes. It indicated the strong earthquakes closedly related with the substances' motion of atmosphere, hydrosphere and lithosphere, the change of gravity potential, and the exchange of angular momentum. The strong earthquakes in the ocean bottom can bring the cool waters at the deep ocean up to the ocean surface and make the global climate cold, the earthquake, strong tide and global low temperature are close inrelntion for each othen.     

Reservoir Volcanic Rocks: Geology and Geochemistry, the Mesozoic Non-marine Songliao Basin, NE China

1IntroductionIt has recently been recognized that most of the Ceno-Mesozoic sedimentary basins in eastern China contain volcanogenic and volcaniclastic successions developed especially in the early stages of the basin formation (Wang etal.,1997;Cheng etal.,1997;Chen etal., 1999). These volcanic rocks can con-tribute to the oil/gas reservoirs under favorable con-dition (Wang etal.,1997;Hu etal.,1999). The characteristics of volcanism in the basins of eastern China can be compared to those …     

Study on distribution rule of sliding pushing force and remnant resistant sliding force acting on anti-sliding pile

Anti-slide pile is one of the important methods to administer landslide geological disaster because of its advantages.It plays important role in administering landslide.It is a premise of reasonable economy and technological advance to know the distribution rule and feature of the force between anti-sliding pile and surrounding rock.To determine the sliding force and remnant resistant sliding force,according to need of study,this paper sets up the geological model and mechanics model in term of a typical landslide,and analyzes the effect rule of sliding body distortion,strength and gravity to the pushing force and remnant resistant sliding force by use of the numerical model.The distribution rule of pushing force and remnant resistant sliding force of the type of landslide is given.     

Study on engineering geological stability of rock mass at Shanmen silver deposit

The natural balance conditions will be disturbed and produce a series of problems when mineral deposit has mined.This paper has researched the engineering rock masses have been researched in this study,structural planes,the distribution characteristics of tectonic geological factors and the stability of engineering structures according to the theory and research methods of rock mechanics,it will provide the engineering geological evidence for mining area exploited,meanwhile pledge the safety production.Shanmen silver deposit is a large epithermal deposit,it is controlled by NE to NNE strike faults.The stability of rock mass is acted on the tectonic movement and hot metalliferous brine in long-term.Especially,strength of rock mass becomes softened,muddy and loosed under the action of water,so the lower stability of rock mass is,the easier it can take place for harm of disaster threatening production safe of mining.For this reason,it is very important that drawing up a plan to lower harm for mine and protect.     

FGC-15D large-diameter DTH air hammer drilling system and its application in offshore rock-socketed pile hole drilling

In the past two decades,numerous large-diameter rock-socketed piles were constructed in China to support foundations of skyscrapers,great bridges or to retain soil in potential geological hazard areas.However,drilling large-diameter rock-socketed pile holes with conventional drilling method such as rotary drilling or cable tool drilling is time-consuming and the cost is usually very high.In order to drill large-diameter rock-socketed pile holes faster at relatively low cost,the FGC15A large-diameter DTH air hammer drilling system was developed in 1987 and was given the second-class award by Ministry of Geology and Mineral Resources in 1991.Since it was innovated the drilling system has been used in more than twenty important and tough projects on land,and wonderful results were acquired.At the same time the large-diameter DTH air hammer drilling system was improved continuously.The FGC15D is the latest version of the technique.     

Geochemical Mapping——Evolution of Its Aims,Ideas and Technology

The development of geochemical mapping progressed from local geochemical prospecting through regional geochemical exploration and regional geochemical mapping to national and global geochemical mapping.This paper discusses the evolution of aims,ideas and methodology of geochemical mapping in Western countries,Russia and China.The sophistication of geochemical mapping methodology will make great contributions to solving resources and environmental problems in the 21~(st) century.     

Downward shift of gas hydrate stability zone due to seafloor erosion in the eastern Dongsha Island,South China Sea

New acquired and reprocessed three-dimensional(3 D) seismic data were used to delineate the distribution and characterization of bottom simulating reflections(B SRs) in the Chaoshan Sag,in the eastern part of Dongsha Island,South China Sea.Three submarine canyons with different scales were interpreted from the 3 D seismic data,displaying three stages of canyon development and are related with the variation of BSR.Abundant faults were identified from the coherence and ant-tracing attributions extracted from3 D seismic data,which provide the evidence for fluid migration from deeper sediments to the gas hydrate stability zone(GHSZ).The uplift of Dongsha Island created a large number of faults and leads to the increased seafloor erosion.The erosion caused the cooling of the seafloor sediments and deepening of the base of the gas hydrate stability zone,which is attributed to the presence of paleo-BSR and BSR downward shift in the study area.Hence,methane gas may be released during the BSR resetting and gas hydrate dissociation related with seafloor ero sion.     

伊通复杂断陷盆地地震采集技术

从伊通盆地复杂的表层结构及深层地质条件出发,分析了影响复杂构造区信噪比和分辨率的主要因素,从而有针对性地研究了复杂构造下的观测系统设计及照明分析技术、复杂地表结构条件下的表层调查技术、提高信噪比的组合检波压制干扰波技术和基于表层调查的激发技术。通过一系列技术研究,形成了三分、三优选的技术措施,有效地提高了伊通盆地复杂构造的信噪比和分辨率,提高了西北缘山地的成像质量,满足了油气勘探的需求。     

凉水煤矿采用二维地震寻找第三系煤田

凉水煤矿为第三系煤田,其特点是:主采煤层为褐煤,与围岩波阻抗差小;深层地层的层速度低,波阻抗差也比较小,深层反射条件差。针对此特点,在采集、处理环节采取了诸如混凝土砂浆封井、初至折射静校正、人工提取干扰等提高信噪比的措施,取得了比较好的勘查成果。