动力定位系统的模糊自适应控制

本文设计了一个用于海洋动力定位系统运动控制的模糊自适应控制器。文中提出了一种优化设计方法,使模糊控制性能接近最优,并保证了自适应控制的稳定性。仿真结果表明：该控制器有效、实用,在各种环境下都能取得满意的控制效果。该方法对于海上平台、动力定位船舶及潜器等控制系统都是适用的。     

High resolution tomography of the Tanlu fault zone near Hefei with passive seismic and magnetotelluric linear array data

As the largest fault trending NNE-SSW to NE-SW in the eastern Eurasia Continent,the Tanlu fault zone(TLFZ)extends over 2,400 km within China,roughly from Wuxue,Hubei Province,to Russia.Since the Quaternary period,the TLFZ has been an earthquake-prone area in eastern China where several major earthquakes resulted by tectonic compression occurred,causing tremendous casualties and significant economic losses.Many studies on different segments of the TLFZ have been carried out in the past few decades.However,numerous key questions regarding the fault zone remain unanswered due to a lack of clear subsurface characterization and fault delineation.In this study,we present high-resolution tomographic results across the TLFZ to the east of Hefei,where one 22-km-long passive seismic array with densely spaced short-period nodes,and a 24-km-long magnetotelluric array were deployed adjacent to each other.We find the velocity and resistivity variations are highly consistent with known surface geology.Sharp property contrasts in both the seismic shear wave velocity and electrical resistivity profiles clearly delineate the Tanlu F1 fault(TLF-1)near Hefei.More interestingly,an upwelling with distinct high velocity is imaged within the Hefei Basin to the west of the TLF-1,whereas a slanted block with low-velocity and low-resistivity seems to cut into or thrust upon the high-grade to low-grade middle-pressure rocks in the Zhangbaling uplift right below the Tanlu F2 ductile shear fault(TLF-2).The presented results show a new approach to characterize deep subsurface structure of the TLFZ beyond 2-km depths using passive data,which it is often difficult for active seismic surveys with refracted and reflected waves to image.     

泾阳4.8级地震应急监测及泾阳台短水准异常变化特征

简要介绍了泾阳４．８级地震应急监测情况及震后地震趋势分析过程,着重分析了这一地震孕育发生过程中泾阳地震台短水准异常变化特征     

下扬子地区前陆变形构造格局及其动力学机制

华北板块与扬子板块于印支—早燕山期发生陆—陆碰撞时,使造山带南部的下扬子地区成为前陆变形带。下扬子前陆变形带上,大致以长江为界,北部的逆冲推覆构造系统为向南运动,南部的逆冲推覆构造系统为向北运动,总体呈两套对冲的逆冲推覆构造系统。长江以北前陆变形的动力来自华北与扬子板块沿大别—胶南造山带的碰撞,长江以南前陆变形的动力来自沿江南隆起带的板内造山。     

基于手机信令数据的北京市空间品质时空动态分析

提升城市功能,增强城市承载力成为城市规划发展的新目标,城市空间品质研究已经成为目前城市规划研究的重点和难点,但是目前空间品质的研究存在动态连续性和空间精确性不足的问题。本文基于手机信令数据获取的城市内部全天的动态人口信息,以街区为尺度定量评价北京市五环内不同功能类型街区的空间品质指数一天内的动态变化,并进行时空分布特征、变化模式以及与人口活跃度关系的分析。结果表明,北京市五环内空间品质随人群活动的变化存在不均衡性,且在时间、空间、功能性质方面存在显著的分化。具体为：空间上城市内环与外环、城市南部与北部的品质差异显著;时间上大体呈现“陡降-低值稳定-陡升-高值稳定”的不稳定趋势;不同功能类型上有着特殊的变化模式,并且功能区之间的空间品质均值差距较大,夜晚街区的居住空间品质在城区内存在明显的等级差异性。这些结果为微观尺度下城市的资源分配和合理规划发展提供了参考和建议。     

结合高分遥感和多源数据的高原湖泊流域土地利用分析

高分一号卫星是为提升我国高分辨率数据自给率自主发射的卫星,在土地利用监测方面具有重要的应用价值。将GF-1卫星影像与多源数据影像进行对比能够挖掘各数据源在土地利用动态监测方面的差异性。本文以云南省杞麓湖流域为研究区,选取最新的Sentinel-2、GF-1和Landsat 8卫星遥感影像进行土地利用分类,以第二次全国土地利用调查数据为基期数据,结合野外实地调研和土地利用转移矩阵开展土地利用现状和演变分析,得出以下结论：①杞麓湖流域的水域、建设用地、耕地和林地自中心向外呈现出圈层分布的特征,与第二次全国土地调查结果相比,水域、耕地、林地3种类型的自然景观面积减少,而建设用地和其他用地受人类活动的影响,面积大幅增加,变化主要集中在杞麓湖周边的纳古镇和河西镇。②Sentinel-2卫星影像与GF-1卫星影像均具有较高的空间分辨率,二者对土地利用变化评估的结果相近,均优于Landsat 8卫星影像,其中GF-1卫星影像具有较高的应用价值。     

地铁盾构施工隧道内平面控制网建立方法

目前长大隧道盾构施工控制测量一般都采用传统支导线法,存在误差累积过快、缺少独立检核点及贯通中误差受施工条件影响较大等问题。本文结合地铁施工建设实例,根据盾构施工现场需求及设计精度要求,探索实施了一种新的盾构施工隧道内平面控制网测量方法,从控制点布设、观测方法及数据处理分析等方面进行详细介绍,并与传统导线测量的两种方法进行精度、可靠性对比分析。试验结果显示,本文方法可以提高盾构隧道平面控制测量精度,强化平面控制点及吊篮点可靠性,有效控制隧道平面累积误差及贯通中误差。     

灰色-小波神经网络支持下对地铁工程沉降变形的预测

变形监测是安全化工程施工和管理的重要内容,贯穿于项目的设计、施工和运行,对监测的沉降数据进行处理,并预测沉降量,提前对工程作出安全预警,有很重要的实际意义。本文基于GM(1,1)灰色模型、小波分析和神经网络结合的相关理论,借助Matlab软件编程,建立了灰色-小波神经网络变形预测网络模型。结合工程实例,将建立的变形预测网络模型应用于累积沉降量观测数据,结果表明组合模型具有很稳定的预测效果,比单独的GM(1,1)灰色模型预测准确度高,且训练样本越多,预测越符合实际情况。     

一种基于噪声统计特性的改进EMD降噪方法

GPS高程时间序列中通常都含有噪声,容易对GPS信号解算精度造成影响。针对这一问题,本文基于噪声统计特性,提出了一种改进的EMD降噪方法。首先将信号进行EMD分解,得到低频信号与高频噪声两个部分;然后将高频噪声部分随机打乱两次,并与原始高频噪声累加,求取平均值;最后与低频信号累加,构成一个新的信号再次进行EMD分解,提取出有用信号。最终利用模拟数据和WUHN站实测GPS高程时间序列数据对该方法进行验证。试验结果表明,当信噪比较高时,本文方法得到的降噪效果更佳。     

Depth Contour Smoothing Based on the Fitting of Multi-Segment Bezier Curves

To overcome smoothness inconsistencies in depth contours interpolated from sounding data, this paper proposes a smoothing method based on the fitting of multi-segment Bezier curves considering navigational safety. The basic principle of this method is the division of a generated depth contour into a series of bends categorized as either convex bends or concave bends. Different smoothing strategies are designed for different bends while considering the safety constraint. Convexity-preserving Bezier curves are used to fit convex bends. For concave bends, the line segment of the bend is utilized as a boundary to construct a control polygon within the interior of the bend, after which a Bezier curve is constructed based on the polygon. Experiments with real data are implemented, and the results are compared with those of other methods. The results show that the smoothing procedure for depth contours with angularities is effective and respects the safety constraint; moreover, the shape characteristics are preserved, and high positional accuracy is achieved. In addition, the proposed smoothing method is free of topological inconsistencies.