强震前短临地震前兆时空分布非均匀性变化特征

给出一个描述前兆时空分布非均匀性的参数——CV值．研究了华北北部地区６级左右强震前水氡与电磁波观测值异常的时空分布非均匀性的变化特征．结果表明,在强震前,水氡与电磁波观测异常台站的空间分布非均匀性发生了显著变化,CV值有明显的升高过程．这说明,震前短临地震前兆异常在空间上分布的非均匀性增强,变得更加不均匀．这可能与地壳应力场的增强过程有关．如果这个结果得到进一步证实,不仅有助于认识地震孕育发生过程,还对地震预报具有现实意义,并将为充分利用现有前兆资料进行地震预测研究,开辟一条新的途径．      

Research on the Spatial Inhomogeneity Paramter C_v of Earthquake Precursory Group

A research method and parameter C_v which depicts the spatial inhomogeneity of earthquakeprecursory group, are developed in the paper. The influences of factors, such asinhomogeneous distribution of precursory observatory stations, the variety of observing itemnumber at each observatory station and the anomaly number of the same observing item atdifferent stations, etc., which cause the non-earthquake induced inhomogeneity, can beeliminated from C_v. The criteria of C_v to recognize particular spatial pattern of earthquakeprecursory group are also introduced. Based on the method, the spatial inhomogeneity ofradon precursory group and its relation to moderately strong earthquakes occurred in NorthChina during the same period are analyzed. The results show 5 strengthen processes of spatialinhomogeneity of radon precursory group before each of 5 earthquakes with M≥5. 0 in theregion during the period from Jan. 1, 1995 to Feb. 1, 1998. Among them 4 earthquakesoccurred within the time interval which the precu     

ZOOPLANKTON COMMUNITY STRUCTURE OF THE SEA SURFACE MICROLAYER NEAR NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS AND MARINE FISH CULTURE ZONES IN DAYA BAY

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南极长城站冬季地磁S_q变化特征

本文利用南极长城站1987年4月至9月的地磁资料,分析了长城站地区冬季地磁S_q变化特征。分析结果表明:(1)南极长城站在初冬(4月)与冬末(9月)月份的S_q变化形态与北半球中纬度的北京地磁台的S_q变化形态基本相似,这可能是由中纬度电离层中的发电机电流所控制的。在仲冬月份(6月与7月),由于太阳紫外辐射效应减少,高纬度的地磁扰动占主导地位,反映出S_q变幅很小和以8小时以下的较短周期谐波起主要作用,(2)在初冬与冬末月份的S_q等效电流矢量,白天比黑夜大约5倍;其矢量方向在白天(08—15时)为顺时针,黑夜为反时针。在仲冬月由于电离层中电流的影响相对减弱,S_q等效电流矢量很小,白天与黑夜基本一样;其矢量分布方向与初冬和冬末的矢量方向不同,这可能是极区的电离层电流或场向电流的影响造成的。     

A New Apparatus for Testing the Bearing Capacity of Calcareous Sand in Laboratory

Calcareous sand, widely spread on coral reefs in Nansha Islands, South China Sea, will be used as backfill material in oceanic engineering, but its engineering property is still elusive. It's difficult and extremely costly to conduct in-situ plate load tests to investigate the bearing capacities of calcareous soils foundation because the coral reefs are too far from the mainland and located in tidal zone. In order to study the bearing capacity and deformation behavior of calcareous soils, the authors designed an apparatus to carry out laboratory tests. The apparatus has the advantages as listed: (1) estimating the bearing capacity and deformation of soil foundation; (2) measuring the soil pressures and settlements at diffirent depths; (3) investigating the load transmission depth. Test results of calcareous sand indicate that the apparatus is suitable to test the engineering behavior of soil in laboratory.     

南极威德尔-斯科舍汇流区上层湍流混合特征及其与水团和环流的联系

利用中国第32次南极科学考察队于2015年12月至2016年1月在南极威德尔-斯科舍汇流区获得的湍流微结构、温盐深仪和下放式声学多普勒海流计观测资料,分析了该海域上层海洋(30～500 dbar)的湍流混合空间分布特征.结果显示,湍动能耗散率(ε)和湍扩散系数(Kρ)分布呈现明显的区域性特征,与当地的水团和环流分布密切...     

A distributed runoff model for the mountainous region of the Heihe River Basin (China) based on the spatial modeling environment (SME) I: model structure and equations

A shortage of water has limited the socio-economic development of the Heihe River Basin in northwestern China and has led to many ecological and economic problems. Only the development and application of integration tools can effectively represent the functionality of the watershed and aid in strategic decision making. In the framework of SME, modular and hierarchical model building can simplify the research work. According to the main ideas and key processes commonly used in distributed hydrological models, and combined with the spatial characteristics of the mountainous region of the Heihe River Basin, a unit hydrological model was developed using stella, which was an icon-based software package specifically designed for dynamic systems modeling, and an algorithm for spatial distribution in SME was introduced. This paper describes only the model structure and basic equations, whereas in the next paper, model calibration results using the data measured at meteorological stations, together with land use data and soil data, will be further introduced.     

雅满苏地区中酸性岩浆岩同位素年代学特征及意义

雅满苏地区跨越多个区域构造带,过往研究对于每个构造带的形成、相对构造运动形式、相对构造运动规模存在较大争议.通过采集不同构造带内中酸性岩体的岩石样品,对雅满苏地区3个构造带内的中酸性岩体开展岩石学、地球化学以及锆石U-Pb同位素年代学研究.结果表明:除苦水混杂岩带花岗斑岩(TW-1)为过铝质钙碱性I型花岗岩,其他2个构...