Phase evolution of Holocene paleoenvironmental changes in the southern Yellow Sea: Benthic foraminiferal evidence from core C02

Assemblages of benthic foraminifera in a sediment core (C02) near the western margin of the southern Yellow Sea Mud were studied to decipher the phase evolution of Holocene paleoenvironmental changes associated with the Holocene marine transgression. It appears that during the early Holocene (11.2–10.1 kyr BP), the faunal was dominated by low salinity and shallow water species Cribrononion subincertum, Buccella frigida and Ammonia beccarii, reflecting a near coast depositional environment. A rapid increase of the relative abundance of Ammonia compressiuscula between 10.1–9.3 kyr BP indicates that the sea level rose rapidly during that time period. From 9.3–7.7 kyr BP, the benthic foraminiferal assemblage was dominated by high percentage of A. compressiscula, suggesting that the sea level was relatively stable. An obvious transition of benthic foraminifera, from the A. compressiuscula-dominated assemblage to an Ammonia ketienziensis-dominated assemblage, occurred between 7.7–6.2 kyr BP, possibly corresponding to a second sea level rapid rise period in the Yellow Sea during the Holocene. This transition may correspond to the gradually strengthened Yellow Sea warm current (YSWC) and finally is established the modern-type circulation in the Yellow Sea. It may also mark the formation of the Yellow Sea cold bottom water (YSCBW) during that period. Since then, the benthic foraminiferal assemblage based on core C02 was dominated by typical YSCBW species, A. ketienziensis, Astrononion italicum and Hanzawaia nipponica, at 6.2–4 kyr BP. A non-deposition period occurred since ～4 kyr BP, which possibly related to the hydrology changes caused by the East Asia monsoon. The two obvious benthic foraminiferal transitions recorded in core C02 during the early and middle Holocene provide evidence that the Yellow Sea has undergone a two-phase rapid sea level rise during the Holocene marine transgression.     

Deriving Changjiang coastal zone wind from C-band SAR and its application to salinity simulation

Wind plays an important role in hydrodynamic processes such as the expansion of Changjiang （Yangtze） River Diluted Water （CDW）, and shelf circulation in the Changjiang estuary. Thus, it is essential to include wind in the numerical simulation of these phenomena. Synthetic aperture radar （SAR） with high resolution and wide spatial coverage is valuable for measuring spatially inhomogeneous ocean surface wind fields. We have collected 87 ERS-2 SAR images with wind-induced streaks that cover the Cbangjiang coastal area, to verify and improve the validity of wind direction retrieval using the 2D fast Fourier transform method. We then used these wind directions as inputs to derive SAR wind speeds using the C-band model. To demonstrate the applicability of the algorithms, we validated the SAR-retrieved wind fields using QuikSCAT measurements and the atmospheric Weather Research Forecasting model. In general, we found good agreement between the datasets, indicating the reliability and applicability of SAR- retrieved algorithms under different atmospheric conditions. We investigated the main error sources of this process, and conducted sensitivity analyses to estimate the wind speed errors caused by the effect of speckle, uncertainties in wind direction, and inaccuracies in the normalized radar cross section. Finally, we used the SAR-retrieved wind fields to simulate the salinity distribution off the Changjiang estuary. The findings of this study will be valuable for wind resource assessment and the development of future numerical ocean models based on SAR images.     

关于国有地了企业经营者实行年薪制的构想

为建立社会主义市场经济的地矿工作新秩序，本文对国有地矿企业的经营者（厂长、经理）这一特殊群体进行了分析。着重研究了新形势下企业经营者实行年薪制的问题。指出年薪制就是以企业一个生产经营周期为单位确定经营者的报酬，这一周期通常为一年。进而阐述了为什么要实行企业经营者年薪制；企业经营者的收入应与职工工资完全脱钩；采用基础报酬加效益报酬的方法确定收入等等。并构想了实行经营者年薪制所需要的外部环境：建立经营者人才市场、经营者要能进能出、实行任职资格制度、建立风险机制、按劳动力市场经济规律办事。     

天山托木尔自然遗产地地理多样性价值评估与保护分区

在系统分析托木尔自然遗产地地理多样性要素组成的基础上,运用ArcGIS空间叠加分析,划定地理多样性特征区,主要包括极高山、高山冰川和冰缘区、南坡中山区、南坡红层地貌区和北坡中山区;通过对已有研究和相关文献资料的分析,对地理多样性价值构成进行解析,采用层次分析法提出了地理多样性综合价值评估指标体系,确定了具有不同价值特征...     

乌兰布和沙漠东北缘地表风沙流结构特征

在国家林业局磴口荒漠生态站长期监测的基础上,利用多种积沙仪,对乌兰布和沙漠东北缘流动沙丘、油蒿半固定沙丘、白刺半固定沙丘、油蒿固定沙丘、白刺固定沙丘5种典型下垫面近地面（0～100 cm）的风沙流输沙量进行了实地观测和对比分析。结果表明：（1） 输沙率（q）随高度（h）增加呈幂函数（q=ah^-b,R²≥0.8409）规律衰减,随风速（v）增大呈幂函数（q=av^b,R²≥0.9256）规律增加,42.8%～70.7%的输沙量分布在10 cm高度内,67.6%～90.0%的输沙量分布于30 cm高度内。当地表植被盖度达到40%以上时,输沙率下降至无植被覆盖地表输沙率的6.6%以下,可有效阻止地表风蚀。（2） 沙物质主要由粒径为50～250 μm的细沙和极细沙构成,各高度层风蚀物粒度组成服从单峰态分布,峰值在100～250 μm。随高度增加,风蚀物粒径范围趋于变窄,粒径趋于更细。（3） 起沙风多出现在WSW和NW方向,占全年起沙风的53.19%。风沙流中跃移输沙、蠕移输沙的空间分布在理论上应与风向频率分布基本一致,差异性主要由各方位风的强度和持续时间等因素导致。研究结果可为该区域防沙工程设计提供理论参考。     

STUDY ON GIS FOR YIELD ESTIMATION BY REMOTE SENSING IN JILIN MAIZE BELT

ＳＴＵＤＹ　ＯＮ　ＧＩＳ　ＦＯＲ　ＹＩＥＬＤ　ＥＳＴＩＭＡＴＩＯＮ　ＢＹ　ＲＥＭＯＴＥ　ＳＥＮＳＩＮＧ　ＩＮ　ＪＩＬＩＮ　ＭＡＩＺＥ　ＢＥＬＴＳＴＵＤＹＯＮＧＩＳＦＯＲＹＩＥＬＤＥＳＴＩＭＡＴＩＯＮＢＹＲＥＭＯＴＥＳＥＮＳＩＮＧＩＮＪＩＬＩＮＭＡＩＺ...     

Preliminary study on the spore-pollen assemblages found in the Cenozoic sedimentary rocks in Grove Mountains, east Antarctica and its climatic implications

Glaciogene sedimentary rocks have been found in modem tills of the Grove Mountains, east Antarctica during the 1998 - 1999 Chinese National Antarctic Research Expedition （CHNARE）. Based on the lithilogic and sedimentary features, these sedimentary rocks are correlated with Cenozoic sedimentary strata of the Pagodroma Group in the neighboring Prince Charles Mountains and the Sorsdal Formation in VestFold Hills. Sedimentary clasts contain sparsely Late Tertiary spores and pollens, including ： Toroisporis （ Lygodiaceae）, Osmunda, Granulatisporites （ Pteridaceae？） , Polypodiaceae, Podocarpus , Araucariaceae, Artemisia , Rhus , Nothofagidites , Proteacidites （Proteaceae） , Quercus , Fraxinoipollenites （ Oleaceae ） , Oleoidearumpollenites（ Oleaceae ）, Operculumpollis, and Tricolpopollenites. Most of the pollen and spores contained in these samples originate from local sources according to the conditions of their preservations as well as correlations with the microfossil assemblages found in the neighboring areas. The majority of the pollen assemblages, as represented by Podocarpus and Nothofagus, belong to the Weddellian biogeocenose, however some exotic components from the old sedimentary basement rocks may have been included during erosion of the proximal ice sheet. If the source areas of glaciogenic sedimentary rocks that bear the pollen and spores are assumed to be local, or in the up glacier areas, the pollen assemblages in these samples might represent an inland flora during a warmer period of the ice-sheet evolutionary history. The finding of the Artemisia and Chenopodiaceae in the pollen assemblages implies that they may belong to late Tertiary （most probably Pliocene）. The absence of diatoms in the samples analyzed may indicate that there are no Cenozoic marine strata in the interior of the east Antarctica beyond the Grove Mountains. The significances of the finding of the Nothofagus in these pollen assemblages are discussed on the basis of current knowledge about the age, distribution and ecological conditions of this kind of fossils found in Sirius Group or other strata outcropped in Antarctica. As a preliminary conclusion, we think that the existence of the Cenozoic glaciogenenic rocks and their pollen assemblages present new evidence for a large scale glacial retreat history in Grove Mountains of east Antarctica, and thus support a dynamic East Antarctic Ice Sheet （EAIS）. This is consistent with the interpretations of Webb et al. （1984）.     

石笋记录的西南地区MIS4阶段夏季风的演化

基于重庆市丰都县羊子洞石笋Y-02的12个²³⁰Th年龄和503个氧同位素数据重建了中国西南地区60~73ka B.P.时段夏季风的演化历史。Y-02的δ¹⁸O记录显示中国季风区D/O18、D/O19a和D/O19共3个千年尺度夏季风增强事件与格陵兰间冰阶（GIS）18~19相对应。此外,Y-02记录显示：紧接着D/O18事件以后,夏季风强度突然减弱,而此时北半球高纬度地区正经历着明显的降温过程。Y-02记录捕捉到的这次东亚夏季风突然且短暂的一次减弱过程,可能是H6事件或者是H6事件季风最弱的时段。Y-02的δ¹⁸O记录显示,D/O18事件是一次较强烈的千年尺度季风增强事件,持续时间近千年,而D/O19事件在持续时间和强度上不如D/O18事件,这不同于格陵兰冰芯记录。中国季风区气候变化与格陵兰地区存在着如此紧密的联系进一步支持：东亚夏季风演化受到北半球高纬度地区气候变化的影响,但是对具体的气候事件响应可能存在不同的模式。

     

高铁时代长三角城市群交通网络空间结构分形特征研究

宁沪杭高铁的开通缩短了长三角城市之间的交通时间.通过缩减交通时间拉近城市间空间距离,高速铁路的贯通对长三角城市群交通网络空间结构产生深远影响.城市间联系会因交通时间缩短而增强,以交通距离代替空间距离来研究城市群之间分形特征更具有科学性.从城市间高速时间距离和高铰时间距离对比角度,计算高铁开通前后长三角城市群交通空间聚集维数和空间关联维数,分析长三角城市群交通网络空间结构分形特征变化.结果表明:高铁下的长三角城市群交通网络空间向心性集聚分布更显著,空间关联性更强.不同级别交通网络相互叠加改变城市群交通网络分形特征.高铁开通优化了长三角城市群城市交通网络空间结构.     

中美县级土地整治政策对比研究

通过对比分析美国洛杉矶县住房供应规划中空闲地和低效利用地整治与我国县级城乡建设用地增减挂钩规划中农村空闲地和低效利用地整治在目的、空闲地和低效利用地确定、公共参与、与总体规划关系方面的差异,分析了我国目前县级城乡建设用地增减挂钩规划存在的不足,并进行了讨论。