重力数据约束的二维地震层析成像在台湾海峡南部的应用

地震-重力联合反演可以降低多解性,针对大勘探范围内岩石波速-密度关系存在较大散布的问题,引入交叉梯度结构约束构建统一的目标函数是一种有效的解决方案。利用台湾海峡南部HX-13测线进行验证:由于火成岩侵入体的存在,部分区域难以拾取可靠的地震初至,常规的走时反演无法准确恢复基底面的形态。搜集研究区的船测重力资料,根据地震地质条件和数据特点设置合适的反演参数,实现基于物性和结构双重约束的重力-地震联合反演。由对反演结果的分析和解释可以看出,该方法可在很大程度上弥补地震数据不完备的缺陷,使反演过程稳定,并提高模型的可靠性。     

The carotenoid characteristics of the important wild shrimp Trachysalambria curvirostris(Stimpson,1860) in China

Trachysalambria curvirostris is an economically important shrimp in the coastal waters of the Western Indo-Pacific. However, there is no information about its carotenoid composition and distribution.The carotenoid profiles including concentration, composition, molecular forms(free or esterified) and configuration(geometrical and optical isomers) of raw and dried T. curvirostris(Stimpson, 1860) were qualitatively and quantitatively assessed. In the raw shrimp, astaxanthin and β-carotene were the two dominant carotenoids, which contributed 75.18%–88.86% and 2.86%–16.83% of the total carotenoid content. Traces of echinenone, canthaxanthin and astacene were also detected. The carotenoid content in the waste(80.28 mg/kg dry weight) was nearly two-fold higher than that in the meat(49.69 mg/kg dry weight). Of the total astaxanthin in these shrimp, 85.18%–90.59% was esterified. All-trans astaxanthin was the predominant geometrical isomer followed by 13-cis, 9-cis, di-cis and 15-cis isomers. A mix of three stereoisomers was found in all parts and the percentages of meso(3 S, 3' R) and(3 S, 3' S) forms were significantly higher than the(3 R, 3' R) isomer. Compared to the carotenoid content of the raw shrimp,only 26.17 mg/kg remained in the dried shrimp. Nearly half of the carotenoids were lost during the drying process. Substantial hydrolysis and isomerization also occurred.     

Understanding geographical patterns of a city’s diurnal rhythm from aggregate data of location‐aware services

Do collective behaviors of the daily routine of a city's inhabitants form the periodical cycling of human activity at the city level (here termed the “city's diurnal rhythm”)? If the answer is yes, do there exist geographical patterns in the city's diurnal rhythm? Using a nationwide dataset of observed uses of location‐aware services in the largest Chinese social media platform, we first confirm the significant periodicity in city‐level human activity from the perspective of the aggregate degree of social media uses over a day. We then investigate geographical changes in the diurnal rhythm of human activity and its local variations in different parts of the city, and between weekdays and weekend days, over 340 Chinese cities. Our results show that a city's diurnal rhythm across the whole country exhibits both regular, nationally conspicuous shifts along geographical gradients and locally distinct spatiotemporal changes within the city. Our findings could provide insights into the characterization of the daily routine of city‐level human activity and its geographical patterns, and have potential for several issues in terms of planning, management, and decision‐making related to human population dynamics.     

珠一坳陷始新世文昌组沉积期构造转换对源‒汇体系的控制

珠江口盆地珠一坳陷在中始新世裂陷期文昌组沉积早、晚期之间存在明显的构造转换,该构造事件对古近系源?汇体系的形成和演变有重大影响.基于研究区地震、钻井、测井等资料的综合分析,本文认为构造转换控制了裂陷期源?汇体系的盆山地貌、物源供给、搬运方向及沉积样式等基本要素,并影响深层古近系储层条件.而且在构造转换的制约下,研究区发...     

论海相页岩气富集机理——以四川盆地五峰组—龙马溪组为例

深入探究页岩气富集机理是保障勘探开发高效推进的基础。本研究通过对四川盆地五峰组—龙马溪组页岩气勘探开发实践的系统分析,梳理总结前人研究成果,从生成机理、运移机理、赋存机理和保存机理四个方面对海相页岩气富集机理进行了深入分析,并讨论了深层和常压页岩气的勘探开发潜力。结果表明：在生成机理方面,埋藏史和热演化史控制了页岩生排烃史、生排烃量和现今含气量;页岩气运移机理涉及运移动力、运移相态、运移方式和运移通道四方面内容,页岩气运移主要是烃源岩内的初次运移,同时讨论了初次运移的影响因素;在赋存机理方面,甲烷—页岩间表现出单/多分子层吸附和微孔充填等多种赋存机制,组分润湿性和孔隙有效性是决定甲烷吸附赋存和解吸运移的关键;在保存机理方面,盖层和物性自封闭是主要的保存机理,构造运动引起的裂缝—流体活动是页岩气保存条件遭到破坏的主要原因,流体活动时间和期次研究是页岩气保存条件和含气量定量评价的重要内容。页岩气富集机理的系统分析和创新认识为页岩气勘探开发评价提供了重要依据,建议加强页岩气演化历史全过程的动态评价。结合深层和常压页岩气勘探实践,分析了深层和常压页岩气的成因机制及主要特征,指出了下一步攻关内容及勘探方向。     

基墨里造山与松潘-甘孜锂矿链成因的探讨

晚三叠世—早侏罗世,基墨里大陆和泛华夏陆块与欧亚大陆的碰撞,形成了4000 km 长的基墨里造山带。位于三大陆之间、现今青藏高原北部的松潘 甘孜地体的造山属性的确定,对于探索松潘 甘孜锂矿链的成因有重要意义。松潘 甘孜地体西部和北部的早侏罗世陆相火山岩、底砾岩和煤系地层(~201 Ma)不整合在晚三叠世褶皱地层及花岗岩体之上,为晚三叠世—早侏罗世的基墨里造山时限提供了直接证据。松潘 甘孜地体中的甲基卡、可尔因、扎乌龙和白龙山 大红柳滩等稀有金属矿集区具有共同特征：赋存在由核部高分异S型花岗岩和幔部中晚三叠世浊积岩组成的片麻岩穹隆构造中、经历了巴罗 巴肯变质作用、含锂伟晶岩脉侵位在花岗岩体上部的伸展空间。通过对松潘 甘孜地体区域地质调查和对矿集区的变质、变形、岩浆和成矿作用及同位素年代学研究,提出该地体经历晚三叠世—早中侏罗世的基墨里造山过程：① 230~220 Ma：地壳缩短和加厚阶段,以盖层大规模强烈褶皱、逆冲带,盖层与基底之间向南的滑脱变形为特征,伴随深熔和巴罗式变质作用;② 220~190 Ma：地壳减压折返阶段,大量花岗岩侵位在中晚三叠世浊积岩中、形成片麻岩穹隆并伴随巴肯式变质作用。由于花岗质岩浆的高度分异及岩浆不混溶作用,导致侵位在片麻岩穹隆顶部伸展空间的伟晶岩稀有金属富集成矿。此外,伟晶岩型锂矿科学钻探(JSD)揭示了甲基卡矿集区多层次穹状花岗岩席控制含锂伟晶岩脉的成矿机制,推测大规模中下地壳基底深熔驱动岩浆上升,岩浆体沿上地壳中的构造面推叠形成岩席。     

几种网络R7K技术的比较分析

针对网络RTK技术在各个领域广泛应用的几种关键技术,介绍了当前各种技术的原理,并逐一进行了比较分析.采用误差综合的方法推导VRS的定位模型,提出主辅站采用邻近全网基线解算的技术优势.认为应合理选取建设哪一种网络RTK服务.系统的管理维护和系统兼容性是未来网络RTK研究领域的重点问题.     

�ش��ڡ���Դ�����뼰��ǿ��ǰ�ڡ���Դ��������ϵ���ݻ�����

?????????????????????????1997??11??8?????????????o????Ч?????????????????????????λ?????????Ч????????仯??????????????????????Ч?????????仯????????λ?????????????????????????Ч????????仯??????????λ????????????????????     

����ARģ�͵��Ϻ������������Ԥ�����

????AR?????????????????????????????????????AIC?????AR????????????????????,AR??4?????????????????????AR(4)???????????δ??10???????????????????     

苏皖下扬子区晚白垩世以来的构造-热历史：浦口组砂岩磷灰石裂变径迹证据

对苏皖下扬子区上白垩统浦口组（K2P）的三个砂岩样品进行了磷灰石裂变径迹（AFT）研究。结果显示：2个样品的AFT合并年龄为（88．8±4．4）Ma（径迹长度为（12．0±0．3）μm）和（82．1±6．8）Ma（径迹长度为（14．4±0．3）μm）与浦口组沉积年龄相近,说明它们沉降的幅度达到但没有超过AFT部分退火区间,1个样品的AFT合并年龄（117．3±5．9）Ma（径迹长度为（13．3±0．3）μm）大于浦口组沉积年龄,代表物源区抬升、剥露的冷却年龄。根据热历史模拟结果,识别出黄桥事件（110～90Ma）、仪征事件（70～60Ma）和三垛事件（35～22Ma）三期重要的构造事件,并将下扬子区晚白垩世以来的盆地演化划分为四个阶段：110～70Ma断坳复合型伸展盆地、70～35Ma拉张断陷盆地、35～22Ma挤压抬升阶段和22Ma至今坳陷盆地。