Dynamic interaction numerical models in the time domain based on the high performance scaled boundary finite element method

Consideration of structure-foundation-soil dynamic interaction is a basic requirement in the evaluation of the seismic safety of nuclear power facilities. An efficient and accurate dynamic interaction numerical model in the time domain has become an important topic of current research. In this study, the scaled boundary finite element method （SBFEM） is improved for use as an effective numerical approach with good application prospects. This method has several advantages, including dimensionality reduction, accuracy of the radial analytical solution, and unlike other boundary element methods, it does not require a fundamental solution. This study focuses on establishing a high performance scaled boundary finite element interaction analysis model in the time domain based on the acceleration unit-impulse response matrix, in which several new solution techniques, such as a dimensionless method to solve the interaction force, are applied to improve the numerical stability of the actual soil parameters and reduce the amount of calculation. Finally, the feasibility of the time domain methods are illustrated by the response of the nuclear power structure and the accuracy of the algorithms are dynamically verified by comparison with the refinement of a large-scale viscoelastic soil model.     

Seismic failure modeling of concrete dams considering heterogeneity of concrete

Study on the failure process of high concrete dams subjected to strong earthquakes is crucial to reasonable evaluation of their seismic safety. Numerical simulation in this aspect involves dynamic failure analysis of big bulk concrete dam subjected to cyclic loading. The Rock Failure Process Analysis (RFPA) proposed by C.A. Tang, with successful applications to failure modeling of rock and concrete specimens mainly subjected to static loading, is extended for this purpose. For using the proposed model, no knowledge on the cracking route needs to be known beforehand, and no remeshing is required. Simulation of the whole process of elastic deformation, initiation and propagation of microcracks, severe damage and ultimate failure of concrete dams in earthquakes with a unified model is enabled. The model is verified through a shaking table test of an arch dam. Finally a practical gravity dam is employed as a numerical example. Considering the uncertainty in ground motion input and concrete material, typical failure process and failure modes of gravity dam are presented. Several small cracks may occur due to tension particularly at dam neck, dam faces and dam heel, and a few of them evolve into dominant ones. Relatively smaller earthquake may cause damage to the dam neck while a bigger one may bring on cracks at lower parts of the dams. Cracking at the dam bottom may incline to a direction almost perpendicular to the downstream face after propagating horizontally for a certain distance when the shaking is strong enough.     

计算核电厂楼层反应谱的直接法及其对比分析

核电厂的楼层反应谱分析是核电厂房主结构和设备子系统抗震设计的主要依据.楼层谱计算方法可分为2种类型,一种是通过地震动反应谱输入直接得到楼层谱的计算方法,简称直接法;另一种是通过地震波输入的时程分析计算方法,简称时程法,文中主要研究前者.首先简要评述了几种具代表性的直接法,例如Biggs方法、Kaput方法、Singh方法等,并对它们的优缺点进行了分析.然后总结了我们的工程经验,并在Biggs和Kapur方法的基础上,提出一种修正模态法,既考虑了结构-地基动力相互作用的影响,又计算简便易行,也可获得比较满意的精确度.     

Strain, Kinematic Vorticity and Ductile Thinning along the Detachment Zone of the Yunmeng Shan Metamorphic Core Complex, Beijing, China

The Yunmeng Shan metamorphic core complex (MCC) is composed of the lower plate, the upper plate and the detachment zone. The detachment zone consists of ductile shear zone (mylonite zone), chloritized microbreccias zone and the brittle fault plane. The ductile shear zone contains mylonitic rocks, protomylonites, and mylonites. Finite strain measurements of feldspar porphyroclasts from those rocks using the Rf/φ method show that the strain intensities increase from mylonitic rocks (Es=0.66–0.72) to protomylonites (Es=0.66–0.83), and to mylonites (Es=0.71–1.2). The strain type is close to flatten strain. Kinematic vorticity estimated by Polar Mohr diagrams suggest that foliations and lineation of mylonite (0.47相似文献   

场地波速结构的地脉动无线测试方法

因其简便、经济的独特优势,地脉动台阵方法在场地剪切波速结构探测中得到了广泛应用.为了兼顾探测深度和探测精细程度,地脉动方法通常需要布设多个不同尺寸的台阵.传统的有线测试系统极大地影响了地脉动台阵的现场布设和工作效率.文中介绍了一种地脉动无线测试系统和现场测试方法.该系统采用了无线控制加固态记录方案,在中心观测点无线控制采集系统的开始、结束采集、保存和传输地脉动采集数据号,极大地降低了现场地脉动台阵测试的工作强度、提高了测试效率.在一实际工程场地进行的应用表明,利用该系统采集的地脉动台阵数据提取的瑞利波频散曲线和反演的场地剪切波速结构有较高的精度.     

青岛市区夏季暑热指数初探

统计分析了青岛市区夏季 (6～ 9月 )与体感温度关系密切的最高气温、相对湿度和风速的气候概况 ;根据体感温度的计算型式和有关气象要素的分布特征 ,得出其经验计算公式 ;分布在不同区间内的体感温度对应着不同的暑热指数及户外人群的舒适感受。     

地球化学揭示早—中侏罗世陆相地层气候环境变化特征——以滇中川街盆地老文村剖面为例

侏罗纪温室气候是中生代以来重要的气候变暖事件,全球关于该事件的研究主要集中在海相地层中,关于陆相地层的研究较少,滇中禄丰川街盆地沉积了完整的侏罗纪地层,为研究侏罗纪温室地球气候环境提供了良好的载体。本次工作通过对川街盆地早—中侏罗世陆相红层的岩石地层、微量元素地球化学研究认为,滇中地区早侏罗世早期主要为高温、湿润的气候环境,早侏罗世晚期气候波动剧烈且频繁,湖泊盐度急剧上升,气温缓慢下降,在即将进入中侏罗世时气温骤然上升,水体盐度快速降低,发生“T—OAE事件”,之后则保持较为稳定的高温、干燥的气候环境。通过对滇中侏罗纪恐龙埋藏层位的研究发现,早侏罗世晚期气候环境的突变层位与该层位位置相当,沉积特征及地球化学特征表明恐龙的集群性埋藏与该事件有着密不可分的关系。     

中国柑橘生产空间变迁及其驱动因素

综合运用产业集中度、探索性数据分析(ESDA)、产业重心模型、空间杜宾模型等方法对中国柑橘生产空间演变特征,以及驱动因素进行实证分析.结果显示:1978-2015年中国柑橘生产空间呈现扩张态势,可分为急剧增长期(1978-1991年)、低速增长期(1992-2000年)、稳步增长期(2001-2015年).中国柑橘生产...     

无人机航测技术在海草床调查中的试点应用

通过无人机飞行参数、飞行高度、潮汐条件和调查范围等试验,采用无人机对东郊椰林近岸海域海草进行航拍,利用PIX4D软件处理得到了高分辨率海草分布影像图,利用ArcGIS软件对海草分布区进行了矢量化提取,选择有代表性的区块结合实地调查进行验证,得出了试验区的海草分布特征和海草种类。结果表明：海草分布在离岸300 m范围内的珊瑚礁砰上,呈斑块状、间隔式分布特征,在试验区中海草分布面积为2 449.6 m²,占比为24.5%。实地调查到海草种类有圆叶丝粉草(Cymodocea rotundata)、单脉二药草(Halodule uninervis)、海菖蒲(Enhalus acoroides)、泰来草(Thalassia hemprichii)和卵叶喜盐草(Halophila ovalis)等5种海草,泰来草为优势种,单脉二药草和卵叶喜盐草分布在潮间带有淤泥的低潮区;圆叶丝粉草分布在低潮带至潮下带的上部,海底堆积和冲刷区的交界处;泰来草在不同水深处均有分布,分布面积最大。     

南天山—北山—索伦—长春缝合带的性质与演化

南天山—北山—索伦—长春缝合带作为古亚洲洋的最终闭合位置,其形成与演化特征一直以来都是中亚造山带相关研究的焦点与热点问题。对于该缝合带形成时代以及俯冲极性等方面的研究,有利于揭示中亚造山带的增生与演化历史,为古亚洲洋构造演化模型的建立提供理论支持。笔者等依据南天山—北山—索伦—长春缝合带内的大地构造背景、构造岩石组成、闭合方式和闭合时代的差异,自西向东将其分为4段：① 南天山缝合带位于缝合带西段,形成于塔里木板块向北俯冲与哈萨克斯坦—伊犁地块发生拼贴的过程中,根据高压变质年龄、钉合岩体以及不整合盖层等证据来综合分析,其闭合时代应为晚石炭世;② 北山缝合带位于缝合带中段,形成于敦煌地块和阿拉善地块向北俯冲与北部图瓦—蒙古板块发生拼贴的过程中,根据带内蛇绿岩的年代学证据限定其闭合时代应为早—中二叠世。阿拉善地块北缘的两条蛇绿岩带作为北山缝合带与索伦—长春缝合带之间的连接带,分别代表了古亚洲洋在该区域闭合时形成的缝合带和弧后盆地,其形成时代应当为中二叠世—晚二叠世早期;③ 索伦—长春缝合带位于缝合带中—东段,古亚洲洋在该地区同时发生了南北两侧的双向俯冲,两侧地块在中二叠世—早三叠世完成拼贴;④长春—延吉缝合带形成于中三叠世前后华北板块与佳木斯—兴凯地块的俯冲增生过程中,其较西侧索伦—长春缝合带的形成时间（270~250 Ma）晚20~30 Ma。因此长春—延吉缝合带与索伦—长春缝合带的形成时代与构造背景存在显著的差异,不属于其东延部分。在上述分析基础上,笔者等认为古亚洲洋沿南天山—北山—索伦—长春缝合带自西向东发生了4个阶段的演化过程,闭合时代自西向东逐渐变年轻,整个过程从晚石炭世一直持续到了三叠世,其中长春—延吉缝合带记录了古亚洲洋和古太平洋构造域叠加与转换的地质过程。