地震活动因子A值及其在华北地震中短期预报中的应用

综合考虑了地震活动时空强３ 个方面的震兆特征,定义了地震活动因子 Ａ值．使用１９７２ ～１９９６ 年华北地区地震资料进行空间扫描,研究中强以上地震前 Ａ 值的中短期异常变化特征．结果表明,在中短期阶段大多数地震前出现的 Ａ 值中期异常区面积明显缩小或消失,也有一些地震前１ ～３ 个月 Ａ 值异常区面积再次增大．还就用 Ａ 值进行地震中短期预报的有关问题进行了讨论     

Hydrogen and oxygen isotope studies of metamorphic fluid-rock interactions in the Dabie Mountains

Hydrogen and oxygen isotope studies were carried out on mineral separates from high to ultrahigh pressure metamorphic rocks at Huangzhen and Shuanghe in the eastern Dabie Mountains, East China. The δ¹⁸O values of eclogites cover a wide range of −5‰ to+9‰, but the δD values of micas fall within a narrow range of −85% to −70‰. Both equilibrium and disequilibrium oxygen isotope fractionations were observed between quartz and the other minerals, with reversed fractionations between omphacite and garnet in some eclogite samples. The δ¹⁸ O values of −5‰ to −1‰ for some of the eclogites represent the oxygen isotope compositions of their protoliths which underwent meteoric water-rock interaction prior to plate subduction. The preservation of oxygen isotope heterogeneity in the eclogites implies a channelized flow of fluids during progressive metamorphism caused by rapid subduction. Retrograde metamorphism has caused oxygen and hydrogen isotope disequilibria between some of the minerals, but the fluid for retrograde reactions was internally buffered in the stable isotope compositions. Project supported by the Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology (Grant No. 95-Pre-39), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 49794042, 49473173 and 49453003) and the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. KZ951-A1-401-5)     

华东地区中强地震序列特征研究

通过系统分析１９７０年以来华东地区ＭＳ５．０以上中强震序列,结合华东地区域特征,根据最大地震与次大震震级差,将地震序列划发为弧立型、接近孤立型主余型,主余型和震群型４类。用０．５、１天、２天、３天、５天和７天等几个时段的余震样本来研究序列类型的早期判断,结果较为满意,尝试用一种新的方法分析余震持续时间,认为某区域有一个地震活动背影景值,当余震衰减这到个背景值时,则余震活动基本结束,用此方法总结了华     

肝豆状核变性的影像学诊断

目的为了解肝豆状核变性的影像学表现。明确病变范围及程度。明确病变范围及程度。方法采用普通Ｘ线摄片,ＭＲＩ或ＣＴ对颅脑进行扫描。结果Ｘ线表现为四肢骨远端、椎体、骨盆、腕关节、指间关节等均可受累,表现形式为骨质脱下,软化、碎裂、称疏和骨质增生,ＣＴ表现为铮双侧对称性豆状核及周转低密度病主烃及其它脑组织萎缩等表现：ＭＲＩ表现为豆状核、丘脑、尾状核及齿状核在Ｔ２加权图像上呈对称异常高信号。在Ｔ１加权图像上     

挡土结构古典内力计算方法的讨论

根据软土地区大量基坑支护的经验,对目前挡土结构古典内力计算常用的平衡法（悬臂结构）、等值梁法（单支撑结构）和弹性抗力法的计算结果进行了分析与比较,指出了古典内力计算方法的适用性。     

Comparative assessment of nitrogen fixation rate by 15N2 tracer assays in the South China Sea

Nitrogen fixation is one of the most important sources of new nitrogen in the ocean and thus profoundly affects the nitrogen and carbon biogeochemical processes. The distribution, controlling factors, and flux of N₂ fixation in the global ocean remain uncertain, partly because of the lack of methodological uniformity. The 15N₂ tracer assay (the original bubble method → the 15N₂-enriched seawater method → the modified bubble method) is the mainstream method for field measurements of N₂ fixation rates (NFRs), among which the original bubble method is the most frequently used. However, accumulating evidence has suggested an underestimation of NFRs when using this method. To improve the availability of previous data, we compared NFRs measured by three 15N₂ tracer assays in the South China Sea. Our results indicate that the relationship between NFRs measured by the original bubble method and the 15N₂-enriched seawater method varies obviously with area and season, which may be influenced by incubation time, diazotrophic composition, and environmental factors. In comparison, the relationship between NFRs measured by the original bubble method and the modified bubble method is more stable, indicating that the N₂ fixation rates based on the original bubble methods may be underestimated by approximately 50%. Based on this result, we revised the flux of N₂ fixation in the South China Sea to 40 mmol/(m2·a). Our results improve the availability and comparability of literature NFR data in the South China Sea. The comparison of the 15N₂ tracer assay for NFRs measurements on a larger scale is urgently necessary over the global ocean for a more robust understanding of the role of N₂ fixation in the marine nitrogen cycle.     

2021年、2022年中国大陆地震灾害损失述评

基于2021年、2022年中国5.0级及以上地震目录,结合应急管理部、有关省(自治区、直辖市)地震局的地震灾害评估报告和相关资料,对中国大陆地震灾害情况、主要地震灾害事件及其特点进行了总结和分析。此外,按省份总结了各省地震灾害事件及地震灾害特点。其中,云南省中强震多、强震少,震区房屋抗震能力较高,人员伤亡较小; 四川省中强震少、强震多,次生灾害较为发育,造成严重人员伤亡; 青海省虽然震级高、破坏性强、致灾范围广,但震区地广人稀,房屋抗震设防等级较高,人员伤亡少。最后,结合历史震害统计数据,分析对比近2年中国大陆地震灾害致灾特点。     

Ground motion characteristics of the Chi‐Chi earthquake of 21 September 1999

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the ground motion characteristics of the Chi‐Chi earthquake (21 September 1999) as well as the interpretation of structural damage due to this earthquake. Over 300 strong motion records were collected from the strong motion network of Taiwan for this earthquake. A lot of near‐field ground motion data were collected. They provide valuable information on the study of ground motion characteristics of pulse‐like near‐field ground motions as well as fault displacement. This study includes: attenuation of ground motion both in PGA and spectral amplitude, principal direction, elastic and inelastic response analysis of a SDOF system subjected to near‐field ground motion collected from this event. The distribution of spectral acceleration and spectral velocity along the Chelungpu fault is discussed. Based on the mode decomposition method the intrinsic mode function of ground acceleration of this earthquake is examined. A long‐period wave with large amplitude was observed in most of the near‐source ground acceleration. The seismic demand from the recorded near‐field ground motion is also investigated with an evaluation of seismic design criteria of Taiwan Building Code. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

太阳活动周磁暴与亚洲M_S 7.0以上地震活动关系

将1996—2015年太阳黑子数、强磁暴和M_S≥7.0亚洲浅源地震,按Dst指数大小对磁暴进行分类和统计,按震级大小对地震进行分类统计,结果发现,在1996—2015年太阳活动周下降年易发生大磁暴,且M_S≥7.0地震年发生率明显高于太阳活动周上升年、极大年和极小年。     

数字地震台电源远程监控系统

以STC89C52单片机为核心,开发基于"十五"网络的地震台站电源远程监控系统,实时的监控台站仪器设备的状态并收取状态参数,实现设备复位操作及故障报警,可以提高地震台网中心仪器运行效率。