乌兰布和沙漠东北缘地表风沙流结构特征

在国家林业局磴口荒漠生态站长期监测的基础上,利用多种积沙仪,对乌兰布和沙漠东北缘流动沙丘、油蒿半固定沙丘、白刺半固定沙丘、油蒿固定沙丘、白刺固定沙丘5种典型下垫面近地面（0～100 cm）的风沙流输沙量进行了实地观测和对比分析。结果表明：（1） 输沙率（q）随高度（h）增加呈幂函数（q=ah^-b,R²≥0.8409）规律衰减,随风速（v）增大呈幂函数（q=av^b,R²≥0.9256）规律增加,42.8%～70.7%的输沙量分布在10 cm高度内,67.6%～90.0%的输沙量分布于30 cm高度内。当地表植被盖度达到40%以上时,输沙率下降至无植被覆盖地表输沙率的6.6%以下,可有效阻止地表风蚀。（2） 沙物质主要由粒径为50～250 μm的细沙和极细沙构成,各高度层风蚀物粒度组成服从单峰态分布,峰值在100～250 μm。随高度增加,风蚀物粒径范围趋于变窄,粒径趋于更细。（3） 起沙风多出现在WSW和NW方向,占全年起沙风的53.19%。风沙流中跃移输沙、蠕移输沙的空间分布在理论上应与风向频率分布基本一致,差异性主要由各方位风的强度和持续时间等因素导致。研究结果可为该区域防沙工程设计提供理论参考。     

东准噶尔贝勒库都克铝质A型花岗岩微量元素地球化学特征及地质意义

通过对新疆东准噶尔卡拉麦里地区贝勒库都克岩体的岩石地球化学特征的研究,结果表明,在贝勒库都克黑云母花岗岩中Rb、K和Th等大离子亲石元素明显富集,相对富集Zr、Hf等高场强元素,相对亏损Ba、Sr、Nb和Eu等元素,稀土元素含量相对较高,Eu的负异常极强,稀土元素配分模式呈平坦的"V"字型,属于典型的铝质A型花岗岩。该花岗岩在成因上属于A2型,形成于后碰撞的张性环境,其来源可能与洋壳和岛弧建造组成的年轻地壳有关。花岗岩微量元素构造判别图显示它是一种后碰撞花岗岩,标志卡拉麦里地区在晚石炭世造山作用的结束和板内构造演化的开始。该岩体锡质量分数普遍都比较高(15.50 10-6),为锡的成矿物质来源和锡矿矿床学的深入探索提供重要参考。     

中国不同区域能源消费碳足迹的时空变化(英文)

Study on regional carbon emission is one of the hot topics under the background of global climate change and low-carbon economic development, and also help to establish different low-carbon strategies for different regions. On the basis of energy consumption and land use data of different regions in China from 1999 to 2008, this paper established carbon emission and carbon footprint models based on total energy consumption, and calculated the amount of carbon emissions and carbon footprint in different regions of China from 1999 to 2008. The author also analyzed carbon emission density and per unit area carbon footprint for each region. Finally, advices for decreasing carbon footprint were put forward. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) Carbon emissions from total energy consumption increased 129% from 1999 to 2008 in China, but its spatial distribution pattern among different regions just slightly changed, the sorting of carbon emission amount was: Eastern China > Northern China > Central and Southern China > Southwest China > Northwest China. (2) The sorting of carbon emission density was: Eastern China > Northeast China > Central and Southern China > Northern China > Southwest China > Northwest China from 1999 to 2003, but from 2004 Central and Southern China began to have higher carbon emission density than Northeast China, the order of other regions did not change. (3) Carbon footprint increased significantly since the rapid increasing of carbon emissions and less increasing area of pro-ductive land in different regions of China from 1999 to 2008. Northern China had the largest carbon footprint, and Northwest China, Eastern China, Northern China, Central and Southern China followed in turn, while Southwest China presented the lowest area of carbon footprint and the highest percentage of carbon absorption. (4) Mainly influenced by regional land area, Northern China presented the highest per unit area carbon footprint and followed by Eastern China, and Northeast China; Central and Southern China, and Northwest China had a similar medium per unit area carbon footprint; Southwest China always had the lowest per unit area carbon footprint. (5) China faced great ecological pressure brought by carbon emission. Some measures should be taken both from reducing carbon emission and increasing carbon absorption.     

The Orbital Evolution of Two Sounding Satellites and Analysis of the Accuracy of Orbit Determination

The satellites TC-1 and TC-2 are the two Chinese satellites with great elliptical orbits which are still in orbit around the earth at present. Since the launch the orbits of the two satellites have continuously evolved, which has a certain effect on the orbit determination and prediction precision. The regularities of the orbital evolution of the two sounding satellites are qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed. Under the current tracking mode the corresponding prediction precision of orbit determination is analyzed based on the different stages of the orbital evolution, thereby providing the basis for the adjustment of planning mode by the satellite application departments and the guarantee of normal satellite payload. Finally, the orbital lifetimes of the two satellites are predicted through the trend of the orbital evolution.     

高空基本天气系统类别自动识别与沙尘暴系统识别试验

针对大气环流形势,从天气系统的定义出发,面向气象业务MICAPS格点文件数据格式,在矢量旋转追踪法等值线分析的基础上,有序提取等值线的控制点。经过滤波、查找各等值线特性点、剔除异常点等处理,获取沙尘暴高空影响天气系统的基本节点。利用多种特征参量设计了方便可行的算法,完成了槽脊系统的数据构建、分析并确定其地理位置。通过对数据场数值结构分析,建立了确定闭合天气系统位置及其高、低性质的算法。使用Visual Basic语言,开发了相应的沙尘暴高空基本影响天气系统类别自动分析软件,为实现概念模型自动预报系统、提高沙尘暴业务预报现代化水平打下了基础。     

多尺度视角下城市住宅价格空间格局与影响机制研究

城市住宅价格的空间分异受到多重资源因素的影响,其影响机制在不同尺度上表现出的空间分异格局各不相同.以2015—2018年16个季度成都市中心城区商品住宅小区住宅价格为基本数据,利用空间自相关分析法、多尺度视角分析法探索成都市住宅价格空间分异格局,利用地理加权回归模型(GWR)构建成都市住宅价格特征变量指标体系,分析导致住宅价格空间差异的影响机制,研究发现:在2015—2018年16个季度中,成都市住宅价格先持续上升后出现小幅下降,中心城区各区住宅价格空间自相关性高,表明近年来住宅价格空间邻近联动性强.500 m×500 m栅格尺度下成都市中心城区住宅价格分布不均衡,住宅价格总体呈现中心区域高、边缘区域低分布格局,且南北住宅价格存在一定差异,中心城区住宅价格局部呈现"多中心+边缘化"的空间分布格局.多尺度视角分析法不仅能够考虑尺度效应及分区效应对住宅价格空间格局的影响,而且能够定量分析多资源因素对住宅价格的影响机制,解析多资源因素指标对住宅价格空间分异产生的影响.     

安徽省温泉旅游区的品牌建设与营销策略研究

安徽省温泉旅游区以它独有的特色和文化的魅力赢得社会广泛的关注,也吸引更多的人对温泉旅游区的品牌建设与营销策略的研究。阐述了安徽省温泉旅游资源赋存状况,并分析安徽省温泉旅游区的品牌建设与营销策略现状。得出如下主要结论:(1)安徽省温泉多数位于隆起的大别山区、长江沿岸的巢湖—和县一带以及皖南地区;(2)产品开发利用层次不一,大多处于中程度利用;(3)温泉相关的旅游区品牌建设与营销策略相对滞后。最后在此基础上,提出现阶段安徽省温泉旅游区的品牌建设与营销策略的对策。     

Fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model for water resources carrying capacity in Tarim River Basin, Xinjiang, China

This paper explores the method of comprehensive evaluation of water resources carrying capacity and sets up an evaluation model applying the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. Based on the data of nature, society, economics and water resources of the Tarim River Basin in 2002, we evaluated the water resources carrying capacity of the basin by means of the model. The results show that the comprehensive grades are 0.438 and 0.454 for Aksu and Kashi prefectures respectively, where the current water resources exploitation and utilization has reached a relative high degree and there is only a very limited water carrying capacity, 0.620 for Kizilsu Kirgiz Autonomous Prefecture, where water resources carrying capacity is much higher, and in between for Hotan Prefecture and Bayingolin Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture. As a whole, the comprehensive grade of the Tarim River Basin is 0.508 and the current water resources exploitation and utilization has reached a relative high degree. Thus, we suggest that the integrated management of the water resources in the basin should be strengthened in order to utilize water resources scientifically and sustainably.     

黄河中游岩土侵蚀问题及防治对策探讨

黄河中游出露地层岩性主要有古生界奥陶系碳酸盐岩、石炭系和二叠系碎屑岩;中生界三叠系砂泥岩、侏罗系砂泥岩和白垩系砂泥岩;新生界古近系砂泥岩、新近系(原为第三系)红土及第四系风积黄土和现代风积沙。第四系黄土厚度大,结构松散,遇水易解体,具湿陷性,是黄河中游粗泥砂的主要物源;第四系风积沙分布于黄河中游北部,亦是黄河中游粗泥砂的主要物源。岩土侵蚀类型有五:一是风力侵蚀—风沙侵蚀;二是降雨对谷坡面的面状冲刷—坡面侵蚀;三是地表径流对谷底的侧蚀—沟谷侵蚀;四是滑塌对谷坡坡体的破坏—重力侵蚀;五是潜蚀。并对不同侵蚀类型提出了不同的防治对策。