国土资源部门户网站信息资源整合体系研究

国土资源部门户网站是国土资源信息化建设的重要内容之一,历经10余年的发展建设,在服务国土资源管理决策和信息社会化需求方面发挥了较为重要的作用。本文围绕国土资源部门户网站信息资源整合建设实践,系统地阐述了网站的整合目标、原则、分类体系,着重介绍了系统架构、实现方法与建设成果。     

警用地理信息平台中三维全景系统建设研究

针对当前警用地理信息平台中空间信息表达直观性欠缺的缺憾,提出了三维全景系统的解决方案。结合警用地理信息平台建设的要求,简述了三维全景技术的原理,详细介绍了在PGIS平台中三维全景系统的系统构架、数据体系、系统功能等,并探讨了系统实现的关键技术。通过实际应用,验证了系统建设的合理性和可操作性,为各地公安三维全景系统的建设提供了较好的参考和借鉴。     

在服务国土资源管理改革创新中释放信息化正能量

以党中央关于信息化工作的战略部署为统领,研判新一代信息技术对信息化建设与应用服务模式带来的革新,综合分析信息化对于服务保障国土资源管理已取得的显著成效,以及今后行政体制改革方向和生态文明建设新要求,预示着在国土资源管理改革创新中还蕴涵着巨大的信息化红利,基于"一张图"和"三大平台"在可预见的将来仍不会过时的基本判断,并将其作为逻辑起点,以国土资源管理改革创新业务目标为导向、以构建"智慧国土"为愿景、以新一代信息技术与国土资源管理业务深度融合为措施,提出全面升级国土资源信息化体系的基本思路和途径。     

陕北煤矿区地质环境保护与恢复治理措施——以神府矿区郭家湾煤矿为例

郭家湾煤矿地处神府矿区新民采区西北部,为生态环境脆弱区。井田七层煤三个煤组开采后引发地面塌陷、含水层疏干、土地结构变化等地质环境问题,严重制约了地方经济的发展。为了煤炭资源可持续发展,研究陕北煤矿区地质环境保护与恢复治理措施,以1∶10000野外详细调查为依据,首先进行现状评估,然后针对矿山工程建设可能遭受、加剧、引发的矿山地质环境问题进行预测评估,最后提出了以移民搬迁、回填裂缝、生态恢复、建立矿山地质环境监测体系等为主的防治措施,让煤矿开采与矿山地质环境问题恢复治理并行。旨为陕北地区乃至全国煤矿,在保护地质环境中开发利用矿产资源提供依据和示范。     

Biological marker compounds as indicators of the depositions! history of the Maoming oil shale

The Eocene Maoming oil shale from Guangdong Province occurs as a laterally uniform stratigraphic section, typically 20–25 m thick, from which the aliphatic hydrocarbon constituents of six representative samples were investigated using GC and C-GC-MS. The sediments evaluated included the basal lignite, a vitrinite lens from the overlying claystone, and four intervals from the massive oil shale bed. As expected, the lignite and vitrinite differ markedly from the oil shales. The lignite is dominated by bacterial hopanoids and components of higher plant origin, including C₂₉ steroids and triterpenoids such as oleanenes. Visually, the oil shale samples show corroded and degraded phytoclasts, spores, wispy particles of fluorescent organic material attributable to dinoflagellates and, especially in the uppermost sample, colonial algal bodies. The distributions of biological markers in the oil shales show many features in common, notably a dominance of dinoflagellate-derived 4-methylsteroids, and a significant proportion of higher-plant derived n-alkanes with marked odd-over-even carbon number predominance. Overall, they exhibit several features that resemble characteristics of the Messel shale. The hydrocarbons of the lowest shale horizon suggest that there may have been a gradual transition between deposition of the original peat and the subsequent oil shales. The aliphatic hydrocarbons of the uppermost shale are dominated by a number of C₃₁ and C₃₃ botryococcane homologues and other unusual branched alkanes possibly derived from green algae. All of the samples are immature. Overall, molecular and microscopic examination of the stratigraphic succession of the Maoming oil shale suggests a shallow, lacustrine environment within which peats were deposited. This lake subsequently deepened to support abundant algal populations, especially dinoflagellates, culminating in a dominance of botryococcoid algae.     

Integrating hydrochemical and microbial methods to identify hydraulic connections between three saltworks in southern Laizhou Bay,China

Exploring hydraulic connections between brine mining wells is of great significance to the development of geological resources; however, there are still challenges to accurately identifying these connections. In this study, a combination of hydrochemical and biological analyses was used to investigate the hydraulic connections between three saltworks (Yangkou, Hanting, and Changyi) in southern Laizhou Bay, China. The results showed that the groundwater recharge sources at Yangkou saltworks, and therefore the associated salts and hydrochemical composition of the brine, were different from those of the other two saltworks. The diversity and composition of the microbial community among the three saltworks were identified based on a high-throughput DNA sequencing method. The brines of Hanting and Changyi saltworks had greater similarity in terms of microbial diversity and composition, which was consistent with the hydrochemical results. Based on microbial analysis combined with hydrochemistry, the depths of the mining wells at Hanting saltworks were identified, along with the hydraulic connection with Changyi saltworks. As a tool to judge the hydraulic connections of geological reservoirs, microbial analysis combined with hydrochemistry may be applicable to a wider range of subsurface resources, such as oil and gas, which will provide new ideas for the rational development of underground resources.

     

G214线苦海滩一黄河沿段多年冻土工程地质特征评价

拟建共和-结古高速公路位于青海省境内,全长639．02km,其中,苦海滩至黄河沿段（K336＋000～K470＋000）段长134km,大部分在海拔4000m以上,最高在长石头山垭口,海拔4535m．该段线路位于青藏高原东部,多年冻土发育的边缘地带．通过对线路的勘察资料分析,结果表明：多年冻土分布和海拔有很好的相关性,...     

茅台酒酿酒高梁的地质环境研究

茅台酒对酿酒高梁有严格要求，适于茅台酒传统酿造工艺的高梁只产于仁怀县的某些地区，主要是受地质环境的控制。仁怀高梁对某些常量和微量元素有着鲜明的选择性，对磷和钼表现出强烈的吸收作用。岩－土剖面元素的迁聚，对磷和铝的供应是确定仁怀高梁品质和产量的关键。侏罗系砂泥岩、二叠系煤系地层的岩－土剖面，元素淋溶微弱，总量丰富，有效态含量高，组合良好，能正常进行岩－土－高梁系统的物质转化与元素迁移，能充分供应高梁生长所需的磷和钼等元素，是茅台酒酿酒高梁的最宜种植区。     

绵阳地区白垩系岩石风化过程的生态效应

论述了四川绵阳地区白垩系七曲寺组砂岩、泥岩风化过程的信息动态及其对森林植被的生态效应，为长江上游水土保持防护林提供开发信息。     

Composition and assemblage characteristics of magnetic minerals in layer S<Subscript>5-1</Subscript> of Xifeng and Duanjiapo sections

Relatively strongly magnetic fine components (< 30μm, XS-4J and DS-4J) which are most environmentally sensitive were separated from layer S_5-1 in the Xifeng and Duanjiapo loess sections and analyzed by MPV-3 for their morphometric characteristics and reflectance, SEM-ESD for their element contents and XRD for their mineral phases, respectively. The results showed that minerals in both samples are dominated by detrial Fe-Ti oxides of aeolian origin. In sample XS-4J the reflectance and iron contents of magnetic minerals are usually high. In addition to magnetite (Fe₃O₄), maghemite (γFe₂O₃) and hematite (Fe₂O₃), some Fe-high oxide (72.25 wt%–86.67 wt%), ilmenite (FeTiO₃), and magnetite-ulvöspinel [Fe(FeCr)O₄, Fe (FeNi)O₄] were also detected. In sample DS-4J obvious negative linear correlations were found between Ti and Fe, and the contents of Mn, Si, Al and Ca are usually high and the minerals are dominated by magnetite (maghemite), goethite (FeOOH) and limonite (containing Si and OH). In addition, the signs of corrosion of magnetic minerals and newly crystallized magnetite (maghemite) were recognized. Differences in the composition and assemblage characteristics of magnetite minerals between XS and DS reflect significant differences in source rocks and preserving conditions.