基于矿物学方法评价浙江省土壤中Pb污染状况

利用土壤重金属元素环境质量矿物学评价方法,对淅江省全境土壤中不同土壤类型(或亚类)表层、不同母质表层和剖面中的Pb进行环境质量评价的结果表明,土壤中Pb的实测量和土壤对Pb的固持量决定了土壤中Pb的环境质量,浙江省土壤中Pb的污染度有正负值,说明土壤中的Pb对有些地区产生了污染,而对有些地区则没有产生污染.研究结果揭示,土壤矿物对Pb具有一定的固定与容纳能力,超过其固定与容纳能力,土壤中的Pb会对环境造成污染.这一旨在揭示土壤中重金属元素与各种矿物之间环境平衡关系的方法,可为评价土壤环境质量提供科学依据和技术支撑.     

境外桩基工程的施工实践

通过对支援柬埔寨、几内亚桩基工程的施工实践,总结出在境外工程项目的管理中,要制定相应的管理制度与突发事件的应急预案,在施工过程中要注意政局变化,加强卫生疾病的防治,进行必要的物质储备和规避风险等注意事项及解决方法．对地勘单位拓展海外市场提出了建设性意见,具有一定的借鉴意义。     

新疆博格达山北缘二叠纪中—晚期构造运动的沉积响应

博格达山北缘是准噶尔盆地与天山造山带之间的关键部位,是研究盆山关系的重点区域。博格达山北缘二叠纪中、晚期的构造演化与沉积时空演变关系存在较大争议。本研究通过野外实地勘测、镜下岩石薄片鉴定、粒度分析实验和地震资料解析等方法,针对博格达山北缘东、西部两条剖面—大龙口剖面和井井子沟剖面开展研究,分析其沉积类型和演变过程,解析盆山构造变形和发育特征,探讨构造运动的沉积响应。研究结果表明：瓜德鲁普统乌拉泊组为湖成三角洲相,井井子沟组至红雁池组为湖泊相,乐平统泉子街组为冲积扇—河流相沉积,梧桐沟组和锅底坑组为滨浅湖—三角洲相沉积;研究区可分为两个主要构造层,下构造层以伸展断陷为主要结构,上构造层以前陆冲断为主要构造变形;多期构造活动控制瓜德鲁普统、乐平统沉积演化过程,在挤压构造背景下,瓜德鲁普统的湖泊相转变为乐平统冲积扇—河流相沉积,晚期构造活动趋于稳定,区域进入准平原化作用阶段。     

Pattern of abrupt climatic fluctuation in the East Asian Monsoon during the Last Glacial: Evidence from Chinese loess records

Records of two loess sections located in mid-eastern and western margins of the East Asian Monsoon area captured 20 Dansgaard-Oescher events and six Heinrich events. All these suggested that the climate in the East Asian Monsoon area fluctuated rapidly on millennial to century timescales during the whole Last Glacial. We found that these loess-based events of rapid climate fluctuations were generally synchronous with those of GRIP records, but that there were differences between the Shagou loess section in the west and the Wangguan loess section in the east: the former was more sensitive to climate change than the latter. Compared with earlier studies on loess records covering the Last Glacial from neighboring areas, we discovered that the magnitude of Dansgaard-Oeschger cycles decreased gradually from west to east and we suggest that it resulted from the combined effect of the Westerlies and the East Asian Monsoon.     

LiPF6的水解行为研究

利用直接电位法,采用标准加入的方式测定了不同浓度和温度条件下,LiPF6水溶液中的F-浓度,同时考察了碱处理对LiPF6水解的影响,并采用电导率测定结果进行了验证.实验表明,LiPF6能够在水中稳定存在,且几乎不受碱度和温度的影响.     

温度对罗非鱼下脚料蛋白酶解液混合营养培养螺旋藻的影响

在常规的Zarrouk培养基中添加1000∶3(v/v)的罗非鱼下脚料蛋白酶解液对钝顶螺旋藻进行混合营养培养,考察在光照强度230μmol/m2.s、温度15～40℃范围内对螺旋藻生物量、叶绿素、藻胆蛋白和蛋白质含量的影响。结果表明,添加酶解液在15～35℃时能够显著提高螺旋藻生物量,35℃时增幅最大为38.2%;在30～40℃时添加酶解液显著提高螺旋藻叶绿素的含量,30℃时含量提高了11.7%;在15～20℃低温条件下添加酶解液显著提高螺旋藻藻胆蛋白含量,15℃时增幅达15.1%;在15～35℃范围内添加酶解液显著提高蛋白质含量,30℃时增幅最大为13.7%。     

A Method for Automatically Selecting Aids to Navigation Based on their Spatial Influence Domains

To address the limitations of manually selecting aids to navigation (AtNs) on charts, a method for automatically selecting AtNs based on their spatial influence domains (SIDs) is proposed. First, the associations between the spatial attributes of an AtN are analyzed. Second, an SID of the AtN is defined, and a model of the SID is constructed based on the associations between the spatial attributes. Third, the importance of the location of the AtN is weighted based on the SID model. Fourth, an algorithm to automatically select AtNs based on the maximum coverage of the SIDS of preselected AtNs is developed. Finally, several AtNs are selected automatically using the algorithm. The experimental results demonstrate that (1) the proposed method can automatically select AtNs and the results comply with the requirements; (2) the automatic selection can eliminate the human-induced errors or the inconsistent results of manual selections from different operators; and (3) the efficiency of the proposed method is higher than that of current manual methods.     

Preliminary study on aftershock decay rate of the 2013 Ms7.0 Lushan earthquake

We obtained a catalog of early aftershocks of the 2013 Lushan earthquake by examining waveform from a nearby station MDS which is 30.2 km far away from the epicenter, and then we analyzed the relation between aftershock rate and time. We used time-window ratio method to identify aftershocks from continuous waveform data and compare the result with the catalog provided by China Earthquake Networks Center （CENC）. As expected, a significant amount of earthquakes is missing in CENC catalog in the 24 h after the main shock. Moreover, we observed a steady seismicity rate of aftershocks nearly in the first 10,000 s before an obvious power-law decay of aftershock activity. We consider this distinct early stage which does not fit the Omori law with a constant p （p - 1） value as early aftershock deficiency （EAD）, as proposed by previous studies. Our study suggests that the main shock rupture process is different from aftershocks＇ processes, and EAD can vary in different cases as compared to earthquakes of strike-slip mechanism in California.     

郯庐断裂带南段及邻区地震b值的空间分布特征

The Tanlu( Tancheng-Lujiang) fault is one of the major structures in eastern China,which cuts across different blocks and controls the tectonic activity. Using the seismic data from the China Earthquake Networks Center,we investigate the spatial variations of the b-value in the Dabie-Sulu( Jiangsu-Shandong) organic belt by calculating the b-value of each grid( 1°×1°) from 1970 to 2010. The study shows that: the b-value is smaller in the Tanlu fault and its adjacent area,which might suggest that the major earthquake recurrence period is relatively long due to the lower frequency of small earthquake activity. In both sides of Tanlu fault,the b-value is higher at the edge of Sulu block and the eastern part of Dabie orogenic belt. The b values are higher in North China central orogenic belt,and small earthquake activity which occurred along the central orogenic belt is frequent. Additionally,combined with geological and geophysical study,we find that the b-value has a certain correspondence relationship with the lithologic distribution,which informs us that seismic activity features are closely related to the inhomogeneous media in the crust.     

井地电磁法勘探深度研究

结合国家深部资源勘探的迫切需求,应用电磁场理论,从麦克斯韦方程出发推导出井地电磁场公式.通过两层大地模型与均匀半空间井地电磁场响应比较,研究了井地电磁法勘探深度,并给出了不同发射电流、发射频率、线源长度及两层大地电导率差异对勘探深度的影响,为井地电磁探测的野外勘探参数的选择奠定了理论基础.计算结果表明,加大发射电流、线源长度、两层大地电导率差异和降低发射频率可以增大接收信号的强度,提高有效勘探深度,从而,有利于进行深部资源勘探.