全文获取类型
收费全文 | 378篇 |
免费 | 15篇 |
国内免费 | 4篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 10篇 |
大气科学 | 46篇 |
地球物理 | 88篇 |
地质学 | 168篇 |
海洋学 | 39篇 |
天文学 | 35篇 |
综合类 | 6篇 |
自然地理 | 5篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 1篇 |
2023年 | 6篇 |
2022年 | 10篇 |
2021年 | 11篇 |
2020年 | 6篇 |
2019年 | 14篇 |
2018年 | 21篇 |
2017年 | 19篇 |
2016年 | 20篇 |
2015年 | 11篇 |
2014年 | 24篇 |
2013年 | 29篇 |
2012年 | 21篇 |
2011年 | 26篇 |
2010年 | 21篇 |
2009年 | 23篇 |
2008年 | 27篇 |
2007年 | 20篇 |
2006年 | 16篇 |
2005年 | 5篇 |
2004年 | 10篇 |
2003年 | 7篇 |
2002年 | 7篇 |
2001年 | 2篇 |
2000年 | 3篇 |
1999年 | 3篇 |
1997年 | 5篇 |
1996年 | 3篇 |
1995年 | 2篇 |
1994年 | 1篇 |
1993年 | 3篇 |
1992年 | 2篇 |
1991年 | 1篇 |
1990年 | 2篇 |
1989年 | 2篇 |
1988年 | 1篇 |
1987年 | 1篇 |
1986年 | 2篇 |
1983年 | 1篇 |
1982年 | 1篇 |
1980年 | 2篇 |
1979年 | 1篇 |
1975年 | 1篇 |
1974年 | 1篇 |
1971年 | 1篇 |
1968年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有397条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
131.
Anthony Boccaletti Jean Schneider Wes Traub Pierre-Olivier Lagage Daphne Stam Raffaele Gratton John Trauger Kerri Cahoy Frans Snik Pierre Baudoz Raphael Galicher Jean-Michel Reess Dimitri Mawet Jean-Charles Augereau Jenny Patience Marc Kuchner Mark Wyatt Eric Pantin Anne-Lise Maire Christophe Vérinaud Samuel Ronayette Didier Dubreuil Michiel Min Michiel Rodenhuis Dino Mesa Russ Belikov Olivier Guyon Motohide Tamura Naoshi Murakami Ingrid Mary Beerer 《Experimental Astronomy》2012,34(2):355-384
SPICES (Spectro-Polarimetric Imaging and Characterization of Exoplanetary Systems) is a five-year M-class mission proposed to ESA Cosmic Vision. Its purpose is to image and characterize long-period extrasolar planets and circumstellar disks in the visible (450?C900 nm) at a spectral resolution of about 40 using both spectroscopy and polarimetry. By 2020/2022, present and near-term instruments will have found several tens of planets that SPICES will be able to observe and study in detail. Equipped with a 1.5 m telescope, SPICES can preferentially access exoplanets located at several AUs (0.5?C10?AU) from nearby stars (<25 pc) with masses ranging from a few Jupiter masses to Super Earths (??2 Earth radii, ??10 M??) as well as circumstellar disks as faint as a few times the zodiacal light in the Solar System. 相似文献
132.
Determination of spherical harmonic coefficients of the Earth’s gravity field is often an ill-posed problem and leads to solving an ill-conditioned system of equations. Inversion of such a system is critical, as small errors of data will yield large variations in the result. Regularization is a method to solve such an unstable system of equations. In this study, direct methods of Tikhonov, truncated and damped singular value decomposition and iterative methods of ν, algebraic reconstruction technique, range restricted generalized minimum residual and conjugate gradient are used to solve the normal equations constructed based on range rate data of the gravity field and climate experiment (GRACE) for specific periods. Numerical studies show that the Tikhonov regularization and damped singular value decomposition methods for which the regularization parameter is estimated using quasioptimal criterion deliver the smoothest solutions. Each regularized solution is compared to the global land data assimilation system (GLDAS) hydrological model. The Tikhonov regularization with L-curve delivers a solution with high correlation with this model and a relatively small standard deviation over oceans. Among iterative methods, conjugate gradient is the most suited one for the same reasons and it has the shortest computation time. 相似文献
133.
Maria Carolina de Morais Paulo Pereira Martins Junior Waldir Renato Paradella 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2012,66(7):2085-2096
Mining activities cause a wide range of changes to the environment, substantially affecting both the physical and biological
environmental sectors. In the Carajás Mineral Province, located in the Amazon rainforest, environmental regulations tend to
be more rigorous, due to the fragility of the environment in which large iron deposits are found. The characterization of
the impact of mining on environment considers: the type and extent of the impact, the physical chemistry differences and similarities
of the mineral deposits, the deposit size, the adopted mining process, and the environment (both natural and economic) in
which the mining process was developed. Remote sensing technology is utilized in this study, in particular, the use of ortho-aerial
photograph, and optical and radar images with distinct spatial resolution. These permit the elaboration in synoptic maps,
multi-scale and dynamic, of the changes wrought upon the environment: deforestation, removal of vegetation cover, topographic
surface and landscape alteration, and slope instabilities among others. In this aspect, determining the extent of influence
of the mining activity is directly tied to the characterization of its impact on various natural systems at the observed scale,
and not by simply defining a predetermined Euclidean distance. The results showed that remote sensing technology, optical
and radar images, proved to be efficient in the study of environmental information and the areas of influence on the semi-regional
and local scales in the Amazon forest. 相似文献
134.
Sylvana Melo dos Santos Jaime Joaquim da Silva Pereira Cabral Ivaldo Dario da Silva Pontes Filho 《Natural Hazards》2012,64(1):421-439
The global positioning system (GPS) is widely used for determining the three-dimensional position of points on earth surface. In the last few years, its use has also been increasingly employed for obtaining vertical geometric coordinates, which associated with the orthometrical altitude of the point can be employed in various civil engineering applications, as has been seen in diverse localities throughout the world. The satisfactory performance of this technology for obtaining excellent precision in vertical coordinates demands some conditions, related to the satellites, such as transmission of signals and, principally, in the case of urbanized areas, the presence of obstructions in the proximity of the equipment, which interferes with the quality and quantity of the information collected. GPS is an efficient technique for the detection of small movements, including the monitoring of soil subsidence. The present article describes adequate forms of the use of GPS in such a way as to guarantee good precision of the resulting vertical coordinates, even under unfavorable situations, such as in coastal areas, where the reference networks for monitoring are implanted in only one of the sides of the point?Cobject region, which makes the situation more difficult and requires careful planning so that the use of GPS reaches the desired precision. 相似文献
135.
RésuméEn douze paragraphes, qui balaient l’âge de la Terre depuis ses origines jusqu’à Homo sapiens, nous tenterons de montrer la richesse conceptuelle qu’engendre l’étude de la biosphère actuelle et des biosphères passées. © 2000 Éditions scientifiques et médicales Elsevier SAS 相似文献
136.
Clement Ubelmann Jacques Verron Jean-Michel Brankart Pierre Brasseur Emmanuel Cosme 《Ocean Dynamics》2012,62(6):867-880
Tropical instability waves (TIWs) are not easily simulated by ocean circulation models primarily because such waves are very sensitive to wind forcing. In this study, we investigate the impact of assimilating sea surface height (SSH) observations on the control of TIWs in an observing system simulation experiment (OSSE) context based on a regional model configuration of the tropical Atlantic. A Kalman filtering method with suitable adaptations is found to be successful when altimetric data are assimilated in conjunction with sea surface temperature and some in situ temperature/salinity profiles. In this rather realistic system, the TIW phase is roughly controlled with a single nadir observing satellite. However, a right correction of the TIW structure and amplitude requires at least two nadir observing satellites or a wide swath observing satellite. The significant impact of orbital parameters is also demonstrated: in particular, the Jason or GFO satellite orbits are found to be more suitable than the ENVISAT orbit. More generally, it is found that as soon as adequate sub-sampling exists (with periods of 5–10?days), the length of the repetitivity cycle of orbits does not have a significant impact. 相似文献
137.
A mesocosm experiment coupled with optical measurements to assess the fate and sinking of atmospheric particles in clear oligotrophic waters 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Matthieu Bressac Cécile Guieu David Doxaran Fran?ois Bourrin Grigor Obolensky Jean-Michel Grisoni 《Geo-Marine Letters》2012,32(2):153-164
It has recently been postulated that lithogenic particles such as Saharan dust strongly influence particulate organic carbon
export to the deep ocean by acting as mineral ballast. However, our understanding of the processes involved remains scant.
In the present study, optical measurements were performed to monitor variations in the concentration, composition and size
distribution of particles in suspension within the water column after simulating a Saharan dust event in very clear Mediterranean
waters off Corsica in June 2010. A new methodology set up in large mesocosms proved very successful in this regard. Values
obtained simultaneously from three instruments (WetLabs ECO-BB3, WetLabs ac-9, Sequoia Scientific LISST-100) provided evidence
that (1) part of the Saharan dust pool has a rapid settling velocity (∼24–86 m day−1), (2) particulate export following a dust event is a nonlinear multi-step process and (3) export is controlled in part by
the formation of organic-mineral aggregates. This experimental study provides the first insight of the complex export processes
occurring after a dust event involving both physical and biogeochemical forcings in clear oligotrophic waters. 相似文献
138.
Nivaor Rodolfo Rigozo Cláudio Sergio Lisi Mário Tomazello Filho Alan Prestes Daniel Jean Roger Nordemann Mariza Pereira de Souza Echer Ezequiel Echer Heitor Evangelista da Silva Valderez F. Rigozo 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》2012,169(12):2181-2191
This work investigates the behavior of the sunspot number and Southern Oscillation Index (SOI) signal recorded in the tree ring time series for three different locations in Brazil: Humaitá in Amaz?nia State, Porto Ferreira in S?o Paulo State, and Passo Fundo in Rio Grande do Sul State, using wavelet and cross-wavelet analysis techniques. The wavelet spectra of tree ring time series showed signs of 11 and 22?years, possibly related to the solar activity, and periods of 2–8?years, possibly related to El Ni?o events. The cross-wavelet spectra for all tree ring time series from Brazil present a significant response to the 11-year solar cycle in the time interval between 1921 to after 1981. These tree ring time series still have a response to the second harmonic of the solar cycle (5.5?years), but in different time intervals. The cross-wavelet maps also showed that the relationship between the SOI x tree ring time series is more intense, for oscillation in the range of 4–8?years. 相似文献
139.
Fernando I. Rial Manuel Pereira Henrique Lorenzo Pedro Arias Alexandre Novo 《Journal of Applied Geophysics》2009,67(4):367
Since target reflections directly depend on the emitted pulse characteristics, a key factor for carrying out a successful GPR survey is to know as much as possible about the transmission features of the antennas used. This information is very important in order to choose the right antennas and set the appropriate configuration parameters for a specific survey. With this in mind this paper deals with the development of a set of laboratory experiments on the resolution capabilities of three bowtie antennas at frequencies of 500, 800 and 1000 MHz. Results from these measurements give a first estimation of the resolution of the antennas under test, showing the advantage of performing experiments rather than relying only on theoretical assumptions. The results are also expressed in terms of the central wavelength for each antenna and compared with some theoretical estimations proposed in the specialized bibliography. 相似文献
140.
Motivated by recent successful results of artificial neural network modelling in a variety of problems related to the geosciences, we have applied a radial basis functional link net to a regional-scale mapping of the potential for Cu-Au mineralizations in the Carajás Mineral Province, northern Brazil. To derive the input feature vectors, we have used geological and both radiometric and magnetic geophysical data. A k -fold cross-validation method was employed in order to tune the parameters of the network and to select the best radial basis functional link net model amongst several others. Subsets of the available data set were used for training and validation and the estimated overall accuracy of the selected model is 91.7%. The plotting of a cumulative area versus favourability curve allowed us to define favourability zones of occurrences of Cu-Au mineralizations and to assess the efficiency and the predictive power of the model. A binary map showing high and low favourability sectors was produced for the study area as an end product that can be used to guide and support more detailed exploration efforts. Our results show that 4.18% of the study area has an extremely high potential to contain Cu-Au mineralizations, especially those of iron-oxide Cu-Au type, which are related to volcanic rocks and hydrothermal alteration. 相似文献