全文获取类型
收费全文 | 32010篇 |
免费 | 457篇 |
国内免费 | 372篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 1221篇 |
大气科学 | 2437篇 |
地球物理 | 6206篇 |
地质学 | 11301篇 |
海洋学 | 2485篇 |
天文学 | 7638篇 |
综合类 | 143篇 |
自然地理 | 1408篇 |
出版年
2021年 | 279篇 |
2020年 | 276篇 |
2019年 | 324篇 |
2018年 | 817篇 |
2017年 | 779篇 |
2016年 | 1021篇 |
2015年 | 590篇 |
2014年 | 958篇 |
2013年 | 1688篇 |
2012年 | 1037篇 |
2011年 | 1280篇 |
2010年 | 1075篇 |
2009年 | 1387篇 |
2008年 | 1204篇 |
2007年 | 1159篇 |
2006年 | 1177篇 |
2005年 | 978篇 |
2004年 | 869篇 |
2003年 | 867篇 |
2002年 | 856篇 |
2001年 | 770篇 |
2000年 | 743篇 |
1999年 | 672篇 |
1998年 | 617篇 |
1997年 | 629篇 |
1996年 | 568篇 |
1995年 | 534篇 |
1994年 | 506篇 |
1993年 | 428篇 |
1992年 | 384篇 |
1991年 | 411篇 |
1990年 | 411篇 |
1989年 | 387篇 |
1988年 | 359篇 |
1987年 | 432篇 |
1986年 | 361篇 |
1985年 | 444篇 |
1984年 | 478篇 |
1983年 | 462篇 |
1982年 | 444篇 |
1981年 | 356篇 |
1980年 | 360篇 |
1979年 | 311篇 |
1978年 | 306篇 |
1977年 | 295篇 |
1976年 | 258篇 |
1975年 | 254篇 |
1974年 | 281篇 |
1973年 | 305篇 |
1972年 | 194篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
931.
S. Aboglila K. Grice K. Trinajstic C. Snape K.H. Williford 《Applied Geochemistry》2011,26(9-10):1694-1705
The present paper involves a detailed evaluation of specific steroid biomarkers by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) and GC-metastable reaction monitoring (MRM) analyses of several crude oils and source rocks from the East Sirte Basin. 24-Norcholestanes, dinosteranes, 4α-methyl-24-ethylcholestanes and triaromatic steroids have been identified in both source-rocks and crude oils of the East Sirte Basin. Diatoms, dinoflagellates (including those potentially associated with corals) and/or their direct ancestors are amongst the proposed sources of these biomarkers. These biomarker parameters have been used to establish a Mesozoic oil–source correlation of the East Sirte Basin. Hydropyrolysis of an extant coral extract revealed a similar distribution (although immature) of dinosteranes and 4α-methyl-24-ethylcholestanes also observed in the Sirte oils and source-rocks. This is consistent with the presence of dinoflagellates present during the deposition of the Mesozoic aged East Sirte Basin Formations.A good data correlation for the rock extracts revealed a similar distribution of 3,24-dimethyl triaromatic steroids, 3-methyl-24-ethylcholestanes, 4-methyl-24-ethylcholestanes and 2-methyl-24-ethylcholestanes observed in one of the oil families and associated source-rocks for the East Sirte Basin. 相似文献
932.
933.
934.
A GLUE‐based uncertainty assessment framework for tritium‐inferred transit time estimations under baseflow conditions 下载免费PDF全文
Francesc Gallart Maria Roig‐Planasdemunt Michael K. Stewart Pilar Llorens Uwe Morgenstern Willibald Stichler Laurent Pfister Jérôme Latron 《水文研究》2016,30(25):4741-4760
The last decade has seen major technical and scientific improvements in the study of water transfer time through catchments. Nevertheless, it has been argued that most of these developments used conservative tracers that may disregard the oldest component of water transfer, which often has transit times greater than 5 years. Indeed, although the analytical reproducibility of tracers limits the detection of the older flow components associated with the most dampened seasonal fluctuations, this is very rarely taken into account in modelling applications. Tritium is the only environmental tracer at hand to investigate transfer times in the 5‐ to 50‐year range in surface waters, as dissolved gases are not suitable due to the degassing process. Water dating with tritium has often been difficult because of the complex history of its atmospheric concentration, but its current stabilization together with recent analytical improvements open promising perspectives. In this context, the innovative contribution of this study lies in the development of a generalized likelihood uncertainty estimation‐based approach for analysing the uncertainties associated with the modelling of transit time due to both parameter identification and tracer analytical precision issues. A coupled resampling procedure allows assessment of the statistical significance of the transfer time differences found in diverse waters. This approach was developed for tritium and the exponential‐piston model but can be implemented for virtually any tracer and model. Stream baseflow, spring and shallow aquifer waters from the Vallcebre research catchments, analysed for tritium in different years with different analytical precisions, were investigated by using this approach and taking into account other sources of uncertainty. The results showed three groups of waters of different mean transit times, with all the stream baseflow and spring waters older than the 5‐year threshold needing tritium. Low sensitivity of the results to the model structure was also demonstrated. Dual solutions were found for the waters sampled in 2013, but these results may be disambiguated when additional analyses will be made in a few years. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
935.
936.
The June 2013 Alberta catastrophic flooding event – part 2: fine‐scale precipitation and associated features 下载免费PDF全文
B. Kochtubajda R. E. Stewart S. Boodoo J. M. Thériault Y. Li A. Liu C. Mooney R. Goodson K. Szeto 《水文研究》2016,30(26):4917-4933
Data obtained from a variety of sources including the Canadian Lightning Detection Network, weather radars, weather stations and operational numerical weather model analyses were used to address the evolution of precipitation during the June 2013 southern Alberta flood. The event was linked to a mid‐level closed low pressure system to the west of the region and a surface low pressure region initially to its south. This configuration brought warm, moist unstable air into the region that led to dramatic, organized convection with an abundance of lightning and some hail. Such conditions occurred in the southern parts of the region whereas the northern parts were devoid of lightning. Initially, precipitation rates were high (extreme 15‐min rainfall rates up to 102 mm h?1 were measured) but decreased to lower values as the precipitation shifted to long‐lived stratiform conditions. Both the convective and stratiform precipitation components were affected by the topography. Similar flooding events, such as June 2002, have occurred over this region although the 2002 event was colder and precipitation was not associated with substantial convection over southwest Alberta. Copyright © 2016 Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada. Hydrological Processes. © John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
937.
Basin evolution and palaeoenvironmental variability of the thermokarst lake El'gene‐Kyuele,Arctic Siberia 下载免费PDF全文
Philipp Schleusner Boris K. Biskaborn Frank Kienast Juliane Wolter Dmitry Subetto Bernhard Diekmann 《Boreas: An International Journal of Quaternary Research》2015,44(1):216-229
Thermokarst lakes are a widespread feature of the Arctic tundra, in which highly dynamic processes are closely connected with current and past climate changes. We investigated late Quaternary sediment dynamics, basin and shoreline evolution, and environmental interrelations of Lake El'gene‐Kyuele in the NE Siberian Arctic (latitude 71°17′N, longitude 125°34′E). The water‐body displays thaw‐lake characteristics cutting into both Pleistocene Ice Complex and Holocene alas sediments. Our methods are based on grain size distribution, mineralogical composition, TOC/N ratio, stable carbon isotopes and the analysis of plant macrofossils from a 3.5‐m sediment profile at the modern eastern lake shore. Our results show two main sources for sediments in the lake basin: terrigenous diamicton supplied from thermokarst slopes and the lake shore, and lacustrine detritus that has mainly settled in the deep lake basin. The lake and its adjacent thermokarst basin rapidly expanded during the early Holocene. This climatically warmer than today period was characterized by forest or forest tundra vegetation composed of larches, birch trees and shrubs. Woodlands of both the HTM and the Late Pleistocene were affected by fire, which potentially triggered the initiation of thermokarst processes resulting later in lake formation and expansion. The maximum lake depth at the study site and the lowest limnic bioproductivity occurred during the longest time interval of ~7 ka starting in the Holocene Thermal Maximum and lasting throughout the progressively cooler Neoglacial, whereas partial drainage and an extensive shift of the lake shoreline occurred ~0.9 cal. ka BP. Correspondingly, this study discusses different climatic and environmental drivers for the dynamics of a thermokarst basin. 相似文献
938.
939.
940.