全文获取类型
收费全文 | 4922篇 |
免费 | 169篇 |
国内免费 | 48篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 99篇 |
大气科学 | 402篇 |
地球物理 | 1242篇 |
地质学 | 1657篇 |
海洋学 | 461篇 |
天文学 | 760篇 |
综合类 | 18篇 |
自然地理 | 500篇 |
出版年
2022年 | 24篇 |
2021年 | 65篇 |
2020年 | 61篇 |
2019年 | 70篇 |
2018年 | 93篇 |
2017年 | 82篇 |
2016年 | 132篇 |
2015年 | 132篇 |
2014年 | 132篇 |
2013年 | 233篇 |
2012年 | 154篇 |
2011年 | 240篇 |
2010年 | 173篇 |
2009年 | 249篇 |
2008年 | 210篇 |
2007年 | 196篇 |
2006年 | 206篇 |
2005年 | 176篇 |
2004年 | 165篇 |
2003年 | 147篇 |
2002年 | 152篇 |
2001年 | 76篇 |
2000年 | 98篇 |
1999年 | 82篇 |
1998年 | 84篇 |
1997年 | 63篇 |
1996年 | 63篇 |
1995年 | 86篇 |
1994年 | 81篇 |
1993年 | 63篇 |
1992年 | 65篇 |
1991年 | 51篇 |
1990年 | 70篇 |
1989年 | 61篇 |
1988年 | 60篇 |
1987年 | 64篇 |
1986年 | 59篇 |
1985年 | 69篇 |
1984年 | 92篇 |
1983年 | 70篇 |
1982年 | 71篇 |
1981年 | 58篇 |
1980年 | 68篇 |
1979年 | 56篇 |
1978年 | 56篇 |
1977年 | 40篇 |
1976年 | 50篇 |
1975年 | 51篇 |
1974年 | 39篇 |
1973年 | 51篇 |
排序方式: 共有5139条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
81.
D. M. D. James 《Geological Journal》1990,25(2):199-204
Several modifications are proposed to the Ordovician stratigraphy recently proposed by Mackie and Smallwood (1987), based in particular on the recognition of a major Mynydd Trawsnant anticline on the northwest flank of the Tywi structure and on field relationships indicating the Foel Formation directly to overlay the Caradoc black shale succession and directly to underlay the Craig Las Formation. The Clyn Glas Formation is suggested to have accumulated at a slope base rather than a shelf–slope break. 相似文献
82.
83.
James F. Kasting 《Astrophysics and Space Science》1996,241(1):3-24
The goal of this conference is to consider whether it is possible within the next few decades to detect Earth-like planets around other stars using telescopes or interferometers on the ground or in space. Implicit in the term “Earth-like” is the idea that such planets might be habitable by Earth-like organisms, or that they might actually be inhabited. Here, I shall address two questions from the standpoint of planetary atmosphere evolution. First, what are the chances that habitable planets exist around other stars? And, second, if inhabited planets exist, what would be the best way to detect them? 相似文献
84.
85.
Day-night contrasts in the equatorial infrared (8- to 14-ωm) flux from Venus were observed in digital images obtained during the 1975 apparition. A systematic increase in 8- to 14-ωm flux associated with the emergence of the atmosphere from daylight into evening was observed and is shown to exhibit significant day-to-day variability. The data also show that the daytime side of the morning terminator is warmer than the dark side, but this night-day asymmetry is systematically smaller than the day-night brightening seen in the Venus evening. 相似文献
86.
James B. Pollack Donald W. Strecker Fred C. Witteborn Edwin F. Erickson Betty J. Baldwin 《Icarus》1978,34(1):28-45
We have measured the shape and absolute value of Venus' reflectivity spectrum in the 1.2-to 4.0-μm spectral region with a circular variable filter wheel spectrometer having a spectral resolution of 1.5%. The instrument package was mounted on the 91-cm telescope of NASA Ames Kuiper Airborne Observatory, and the measurements were obtained at an altitude of about 41,000 feet, when Venus had a phase angle of 86°. Comparing these spectra with synthetic spectra generated with a multiple-scattering computer code, we infer a number of properties of the Venus clouds. We obtain strong confirmatory evidence that the clouds are made of a water solution of sulfuric acid in their top unit optical depth and find that the clouds are made of this material down to an optical depth of at least 25. In addition, we determine that the acid concentration is 84 ± 2% H2SO4 by weight in the top unit optical depth, that the total optical depth of the clouds is 37.5 ± 12.5, and that the cross-sectional weighted mean particle radius lies between 0.5 and 1.4 μm in the top unit optical depth of the clouds. These results have been combined with a recent determination of the location of the clouds' bottom boundary [Marov et al., Cosmic Res.14, 637–642 (1976)] to infer additional properties about Venus' atmosphere. We find that the average volume mixing ratio of H2SO4 and H2O contained in the cloud material both equal approximately 2× 10?6. Employing vapor pressure arguments, we show that the acid concentration equals 84 ± 6% at the cloud bottom and that the water vapor mixing ratio beneath the clouds lies between 6 × 10?4 and 10?2. 相似文献
87.
James W. Head III 《Earth, Moon, and Planets》1979,21(4):439-462
New topographic data allow a reassessment of the ring structure of the Serenitatis basin and correlation with the younger Orientale basin. The northern Serenitatis basin is smaller and less well preserved than the southern Serenitatis basin. Three major rings of the main (southern) Serenitatis basin are mapped: ring 1, Linné ring, outlined by mare ridges, average diameter 420 km; ring 2, Haemus ring, outlined by basin-facing scarps and massifs with crenulated borders, 610 km; ring 3, Vitruvius ring, outlined by basin-facing linear scarps and massifs, 880 km. Ring 1 corresponds to the inner Rook Mountain ring of Orientale, ring 2 with the outer Rook ring, and ring 3 with the Cordillera Mountain ring. These ring identifications and assignments indicate that the Serenitatis basin is essentially the same size as the Orientale basin, rather than much larger, as previously proposed. The Apollo 17 site lies near the second ring, which is interpreted as the rim of the transient cavity. Apollo 15 lies at the junction of the Serenitatis and Imbrium third rings; Serenitatis ejecta should be present in significant amounts at the Apollo 15 site. The new reconstruction indicates that portions of the Serenitatis basin are better preserved than previously thought, consistent with recent stratigraphic and sample studies that suggest an age for Serenitatis which is older than, but close to, the time of formation of the Imbrium basin. 相似文献
88.
Andrew W. Leising James J. Pierson Claudia Halsband-Lenk Rita Horner James Postel 《Progress in Oceanography》2005,67(3-4):406
During late winter and spring of 2002 and 2003, 24 two- to three-day cruises were conducted to Dabob Bay, Washington State, USA, to examine the grazing, egg production, and hatching success rates of adult female Calanus pacificus and Pseudocalanus newmani. Here, we discuss the results of our grazing experiments for P. newmani. Each week, we conducted traditional microzooplankton dilution experiments and “copepod dilution” experiments, each from two different layers. Grazing was measured by changes in chlorophyll concentration and direct cell counts. Clearance rates on individual prey species, as calculated by cell counts, showed that Pseudocalanus are highly selective in their feeding, and may have much higher grazing rates on individual taxa than calculated from bulk chlorophyll disappearance. The grazing rates of the copepods, however, are typically an order of magnitude lower than the grazing rates of the microzooplankton community, or the growth rates of the phytoplankton. P. newmani ingested diatoms, but, at certain times fed preferentially on microzooplankton, such as ciliates, tintinnids, and larger dinoflagellates. Removal of the microzooplankton may have released the other phytoplankton species from grazing pressure, allowing those species’ abundance to increase, which was measured as an apparent “negative” grazing on those phytoplankton species. The net result of grazing on some phytoplankton species, while simultaneously releasing others from grazing pressure resulted in bulk chlorophyll-derived estimates of grazing which were essentially zero or slightly negative; thus bulk chlorophyll disappearance is a poor indicator of copepod grazing. Whether copepods can significantly release phytoplankton from the grazing pressure by microzooplankton in situ, thus causing a trophic cascade, remains to be verified, but is suggested by our study. 相似文献
89.
In the recent paper by Tai-Wen Hsu, John R.-C. Hsu, Wen-Kai Weng, Swun-Kwang Wang, and Shan-Hwei Ou (Coastal Engineering, 53, 865–877, 2006), the authors derived theoretical formulations for calculating the wave setup and setdown induced by obliquely incident waves on a beach. The derivation of an expression for setdown contains errors which would lead to an imbalance in longshore momentum flux outside the surfzone. We correct their derivation and give results in terms of the radiation stress concept in a general case including an oblique wave incidence. We also point out that the correct form of wave setdown is important to describe the zero-net force in the momentum balance outside the surfzone. 相似文献
90.
Damage costs from hurricanes have increased dramatically as hurricane strikes, populations, and property values have increased along the U.S. southeastern and Gulf Coast states. Federal expenditures in hurricane affected areas and coastal property insurance costs have increased as well. We discuss current public and private sector actions that impact damage costs and consider ways to mitigate future damage costs and government financial exposure. Encouraging adaptive and avoidance measures through market signals and government policies, and protecting areas such as wetlands which mitigate storm damage will help limit damage from hurricanes. 相似文献