聚炳烯酰胺无固相冲洗液在复杂地层中的应用研究

根据多年对聚丙烯酰胺无固相冲洗液钻进技术在地质岩心钻探中的应用情况,进一步分析聚丙烯酰胺无固相冲洗液钻进所具有的技术优势,以及如何发挥其优势,利用聚丙烯酰胺无固相冲洗液钻进水敏地层及其它复杂地层,解决难以钻进的问题。同时,为进一步完善、选择适宜的钻井冲洗液提供一些可供借鉴的建议,使该技术的快速发展和地质岩心钻探钻进技术全面提高。     

Lithospheric Electrical Structure across the Eastern Segment of the Altyn Tagh Fault on the Northern Margin of the Tibetan Plateau

Project INDEPTH (InterNational DEep Profiling of Tibet and the Himalaya) is an interdisciplinary program designed to develop a better understanding of deep structures and mechanics of the Tibetan Plateau. As a component of magnetotelluric (MT) work in the 4th phase of the project, MT data were collected along a profile that crosses the eastern segment of the Altyn Tagh fault on the northern margin of the plateau. Time series data processing used robust algorithms to give high quality responses. Dimensionality analysis showed that 2D approach is only valid for the northern section of the profile. Consequently, 2D inversions were only conducted for the northern section, and 3D inversions were conducted on MT data from the whole profile. From the 2D inversion model, the eastern segment of the Altyn Tagh fault only appears as a crustal structure, which suggests accommodation of strike slip motion along the Altyn Tagh fault by thrusting within the Qilian block. A large-scale off-profile conductor within the mid-lower crust of the Qilian block was revealed from the 3D inversion model, which is probably correlated with the North Qaidam thrust belt. Furthermore, the unconnected conductors from the 3D inversion model indicate that deformations in the study area are generally localized.     

《甘肃政务专用图集》的设计与编制

《甘肃政务专用图集》是一本为政务应用提供地图保障服务的综合性地图集。本文主要介绍了该图集的设计思路、规格、编制内容、编制的技术流程以及编绘方法等,并总结了图集编制的特点和意义。     

ZY-102C星数据在矿山遥感监测中的应用研究与分析

利用资源一号(ZY-1)02C卫星(以下简称02C星)全色高分辨率相机(HR)和多光谱相机(MUX)数据,以河北承德多金属矿区和江西寻乌稀土矿区为实验区,开展了1∶5万矿山遥感监测应用研究;分析了应用过程中存在的问题,提出了解决方案和建议,对02C星数据在矿山遥感监测中的规模化应用起到了示范效果。研究结果表明:在数据处理流程上,对空间分辨率为2.36 m的02C星全色HR1与HR2数据需先进行正射纠正再拼接,对空间分辨率为10 m的多光谱数据MUX可采用假彩色合成方法进行模拟真彩色合成;在矿山地物识别上,与SPOT5图像比较,02C星图像可更好地反映出开采面、开采点、中转场和矿山建筑等矿山地物类型,不足之处是纹理信息较平滑、矿山地物的边界相对模糊,因而增加了室内解译的难度;在经济效益上,02C星数据的性价比优势明显。因此,尽管02C星数据处理和解译工作量较大,但其能满足1∶5万矿山遥感监测要求,总体经济效益显著。     

全球气候变化中的人类活动视角:社会经济情景的演变

社会经济情景的设定是全球气候变化研究的基础,也是气候变化影响评估的关键环节.本文回顾了社会经济情景的发展过程,阐述了共享社会经济路径的主要特点和最新发展趋势,介绍了区域社会经济情景的构建及在灾害风险领域中的应用,最后对共享社会经济路径的发展进行了展望.     

基于田间试验的水稻模型ORYZA2000区域参数比较

利用江苏南京、安徽宣城两地的水稻田间试验数据和气象资料,对ORYZA2000模型基本作物参数进行调整,包括不同发育阶段的发育速率、干物质分配系数、比叶面积等。两试验点的作物营养生长参数(DVRJ)和生殖生长参数(DVRR)差异很大,反应了模型的区域差异性。模拟效果均能准确反应叶面积指数、生物量的动态变化过程,在地上部生物量的模拟准确度最高。两试验点的叶面积指数、地上部生物量、绿叶生物量、茎生物量和穗生物量的归一化均方根NSMSE值分别为9%、19%、18%、13%、25%和16%、25%、17%、19%、24%,因而南京试验点的模拟效果比宣城好,参数更具区域适应性。     

ANNUAL VARIATIONS OF TEMPERATURE ON FOUR URBAN UNDERLYING SURFACES AND FITTING ANALYSIS

Based on the observed 2-year temperature data for four kinds of typical urban underlying surfaces, including asphalt, cement, bare land and grass land, the annual variations and influencing factors of land surface temperature are analyzed. Then fitting equations for surface temperature are established. It is shown that the annual variation of daily average, maximum and minimum temperature and daily temperature range on the four urban underlying surfaces is consistent with the change in air temperature. The difference of temperature on different underlying surfaces in the summer half year (May to October) is much more evident than that in the winter half year (December to the following April). The daily average and maximum temperatures of asphalt, cement, bare land and grass land are higher than air temperature due to the atmospheric heating in the daytime, with that of asphalt being the highest, followed in turn by cement, bare land and grass land. Moreover, the daily average, maximum and minimum temperature on the four urban underlying surfaces are strongly impacted by total cloud amount, daily average relative humidity and sunshine hours. The land surface can be cooled (warmed) by increased total cloud amount (relative humidity). The changes in temperature on bare land and grass land are influenced by both the total cloud amount and the daily average relative humidity. The temperature parameters of the four land surfaces are significantly correlated with daily average, maximum and minimum temperature, sunshine hours, daily average relative humidity and total cloud amount, respectively. The analysis also indicates that the range of fitting parameter of a linear regression equation between the surface temperature of the four kinds of typical land surface and the air temperature is from 0.809 to 0.971, passing the F-test with a confidence level of 0.99.     

新型GPS控制网布设及应用

设计出一种新型GPS控制网,通过与其他类型控制网进行比较分析,获得该新型GPS网的一些特点,并将该新型GPS控制网应用于工程实际中,实践表明:该新型GPS网,无论平面精度还是高程精度都高于设计精度,能够满足多种工程测量需要,值得借鉴。     

江苏北部一次由MCG引发的致洪暴雨综合分析

利用卫星云图、NCEP资料和MICAPS系统提供的实况资料和物理量等,对2008年7月23日江苏北部一次中尺度对流复合体(MCC)和暴雨天气过程进行诊断分析.结果表明:MCC是造成暴雨的直接影响系统;200 hPa中尺度反气旋环流的形成,配合500 hPa西南急流左侧切变线生成以及边界层925 hPa锋生与西南强风带或西南急流左侧中尺度低涡生成,有利于MCC生成和发展;925 hPa以下边界层10.7 m·s-1·km-1强风速垂直切变的形成.配合边界层正涡度中心生成、对流层高层辐散增强,是激发MCC生成和发展的动力机制;850 hPa江苏中北部MPV1≤-0.5 PVU的中尺度对流不稳定中心的生成,配合北方MPV2≥0.6 PVU湿斜压场纬向高值带的生成和稳定,有利于江苏北部地区中尺度强对流系统重复出现和MCC生成发展.     

西昆仑穆呼锰矿晚石炭世含锰碳酸盐岩地质地球化学特征及其沉积环境

西昆仑玛尔坎苏地区晚石炭世发育一套碎屑岩—碳酸盐岩建造,近期研究成果揭示其具有巨大的菱锰矿找矿前景而备受关注。通过对穆呼锰矿含锰岩系剖面测量、薄片鉴定、电子探针、扫描电镜、地球化学分析和碳酸盐岩锶同位素测试,对其进行碎屑岩—碳酸盐岩岩相划分与沉积环境分析。研究结果表明,含锰岩系可以识别出八种碎屑岩—碳酸盐岩岩相:泥灰岩相、砂屑灰岩相、微晶碳酸锰相、微晶—粉晶灰岩相、砾屑灰岩相、含砾砂屑灰岩相、钙质砂岩相、钙质砾岩相和3种岩相组合。结合矿体及其顶底板岩石地球化学和锶同位素特征,指示古海水温度平均22.68 ℃,属于亚热带区。含锰岩系为海水较浅的碎屑滨岸相和浅海陆棚相沉积,矿体顶底板处于海水相对较浅的氧化—弱还原环境,菱锰矿则形成于海水相对较深的浅海陆棚沉积洼地,处于还原沉积环境,与海底火山热液有关。