市级基础测绘在城市应急服务中的应用

本文从市级基础测绘与城市应急系统的关系入手,分析了城市应急系统对基础测绘的需求．从而指导市级基础测绘工作更好地为城市应急服务。     

基于Oracle 10g SDO 网络的GIS网络Web GIS开发

如何实现GIS网络数据在Oracle中的存储、管理、应用与开发是GIS的一个重要研究内容。基于Oracle10g SDO网络实现GIS网络数据的存储与管理,不需要人为设计存储方案,并利用MapViewer完全支持SDO网络的特点,快速实现GIS网络的Web GIS开发,为建立与开发更为复杂的GIS网络系统提供基础支持和保障。     

Organic Carbon in the Surface Sediments from the Intensive Mariculture Zone of Sanggou Bay: Distribution,Seasonal Variations and Sources

Mariculture has rapidly grown worldwide, which might greatly influence the biogeochemical cycle of organic carbon in coastal seas. In this study, several geochemical parameters, including grain size composition, sedimentary total organic carbon(TOC), total nitrogen(TN), stable carbon(δ13 C) and nitrogen(δ15 N) isotopic compositions, were analyzed for surface sediments collected from different mariculture zones of Sanggou Bay and in different seasons. We investigated the composition and distribution of organic matter in surface sediments and further evaluated the contribution of mariculture activities to TOC sources. The TOC and TN contents(mass percentage) in the bay were in the range of 0.14% to 1.45% and 0.03% to 0.20%, respectively. The spatial distribution indicated that sedimentary TOC and TN contents in shellfish monoculture and shellfish-kelp polyculture zones were higher than in other mariculture zones, which might be related to grain size composition and mariculture organisms. Seasonal variations of TOC contents were observed in different mariculture zones. The TOC/TN atomic ratio(C/N), δ13 C and δ15 N were in the ranges of 5.97 to 10.97,-21.76‰ to-13.14‰ and 2.13‰ to 8.08‰, respectively, implying that sedimentary organic matter in Sanggou Bay was the mixture of marine phytoplankton, terrestrial and maricultural sources. A simple mixing model based on δ13 C was applied and the results indicated that the relative contributions of organic carbon sources in Sanggou Bay followed the order kelp(36.6%) ? marine phytoplankton(28.7%) ? shellfish bio-deposition(23.8%) ? terrestrial input(10.9%). Surface sediments in Sanggou Bay were dominated by mariculture-derived organic carbon, which on average accounted for 60.4% of TOC.     

祁连山中段青海云杉林土壤肥力质量评价研究

以祁连山排露沟流域青海云杉林为研究对象,研究了海拔梯度上土壤肥力因子的分布特征及变化规律,并运用主成分分析法对青海云杉林土壤肥力状况进行了评价。结果表明：（1）研究区土壤呈碱性,pH值均大于8.0;高海拔地区（3 300 m）含水量达到过饱和状态,各土层含水量均大于100%;随海拔升高,全氮含量呈增大趋势,全钾含量呈减小趋势,而全磷含量呈先减小后增大趋势;不同海拔梯度速效磷含量差异不显著（P>0.05）,海拔3 300 m处速效钾含量显著高于其他海拔段（P<0.05）。（2） 不同海拔梯度下土壤有机质、全氮、全磷、全钾、速效磷和速效钾含量都有明显的“表聚效应”,其中3 300 m处0~10 cm土层有机质含量高达325.93 g·kg^-1,是本海拔段其他土层的1.6~1.8倍,是同土层其他海拔段的1.3~2.0倍。（3） 土壤肥力因子间关系密切,土壤含水量与有机质、全氮呈极显著正相关关系,与土壤容重、pH和全钾呈极显著负相关关系,土壤养分含量之间存在不同程度的显著正相关关系。（4） 不同海拔梯度土壤肥力质量为：3 300 m>3 200 m>3 100 m>3 000 m>2 900 m。     

基于卫星测高数据的萨德湿地水位变化研究

以萨德湿地为例,使用ENVISAT和Jason2卫星测高数据利用改进的阈值法进行回波重定,反演萨德湿地水位。结果显示:萨德湿地的恒定水域水位变化规律。通过对比萨德湿地和维多利亚湖的水位变化可以发现,维多利亚湖对萨德湿地南部水域水位有巨大的影响,且影响与人类活动(尤其是欧文瀑布大坝的水能发电)有很大的关系,而位于大坝下游的阿尔伯特湖水位变化和萨德湿地南部水域水位变化有很强的相关性。     

Selective feeding of bay scallop Argopecten irradians on phytoplankton community revealed by HPLC analysis of phytopigments in Bohai Sea,China

Understanding the feeding selectivity on phytoplankton by shellfish is currently a big challenge.In order to investigate the feeding behavior of bay scallop(Argopecten irradians)on phytoplankton,we compared its compositions of phytopigments in digestive glands with those in the surrounding seawater,and conducted five consecutive investigations between July and November 2016 in a bay scallop culture area along coast of Qinghuangdao City,northwest of the Bohai Sea,China.Phytopigments in four-size fractionated phytoplankton of seawater(micro-(20-200 μm);nano(L)-[10-20 μm];nano(S)-[2.7-10 μm],and pico-[2.7 μm])and digestive glands of A.irradians were examined to investigate the selective feeding of A.irradians.Results show that fucoxanthin and peridinin constituted the major part of taxonomically diagnostic carotenoids(TDCs)in the micro-and nano(L)-phytoplankton in seawater.Compared with total phytoplankton biomass of seawater(TPB,sum of the four sizes),a substantial decrease of fucoxanthin proportion to total DCs in digestive glands was observed while that of peridinin,19'-butanoyloxyfucoxanthin,alloxanthin and 19'-hexanoyloxy-fucoxanthin showed an obvious increase when those pigments were mainly confined to micro-sized phytoplankton(20-200 μm).However,zeaxanthin and prasinoxanthin were mainly confined to nano(s)-and pico-phytoplankton,of which the proportions in digestive glands were usually lower in TPB.The contribution of lutein to total DCs in digestive glands(with an average of 7.23%)increased compared with TPB of seawater(with an average of 0.63%)during all five sampling times.     

海域无人机全景监视监测技术及其应用

为充分利用先进设备和技术,提高我国海域使用动态监管水平,文章介绍无人机全景技术及其作业流程,并分析大笔架山海域无人机全景监视监测实例。研究结果表明:目前全景图主要利用普通相机拍摄的照片经专业图像软件后期处理生成,在多个行业领域应用,结合无人机的利用可大大扩展视野,具有快速高效、安全可靠和操作简便等优势,但在测量、自动化和视距等方面仍存在局限性;无人机全景图作业主要包括方案制订、数据获取、数据处理和图像发布4个步骤;海域无人机全景监视监测工作的开展为大笔架山海域使用动态监管提供有力的数据支撑。     

Effects of Hypoxia on Dopamine Concentration and the Immune Response of White Shrimp （Litopenaeus vannamei）

Effects of hypoxia on the dopamine concentration and the immune response of White Shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei were studied. The results showed that hypoxia had significant effects on the concentration of dopamine (DA) in the haemolymph, haemocyte count, phenoloxidase activity, phagocytic activity of haemocytes and bacteriolytic and antibacterial activity in the haemolvmph (P<0.05). The concentration of the dopamine in haemolymph reached its maximum in the 3.0 and 1.5mgL-1 DO groups at 12h and 6h, and then returned to normal after 24h and 12h, respectively. All immune parameters decreased with the reduction of dissolved oxygen. Total haemocyte count (THC), the hyaline cells and semi-granular cells in the 3.0mgL-1 DO group became stable after 12h,while granular cells did so after 24h, The THC and different haemocyte count (DHC) in the 1.5mgL-1 DO group became stable alter 24h. Phenoloxidase activity and bacteriolytic activity in the 3.0 and 1.5mgL-1 DO groups reached their stable levels after 24 h and 12 h respectively, while phagocytic activity and antibacterial activity became stable after 24 and 12, and 36 and 24 It, respec-tively. It was also indicated that the changes of dopamine concentrations in haemolymph, haemocyte count and phenoloxidase activ-ity were obviously related to the exposure time under hypoxic conditions.     

海洋溢油污染对生物群落和种群的影响及生态系统的恢复

海洋溢油污染带来的最严重的威胁在于它能够改变或破坏海洋环境中正常存在的生态系统。溢油污染对生态系统的初步影响是造成生物物种多样性、丰度、均匀度下降,进一步则是敏感物种消退,另一些机会物种大量繁殖,群落结构受到扰动。受到溢油污染后的生物群落的变化和恢复过程通常呈现的是多种因素共同作用的结果。溢油作为一种外来的扰动因素,对生态系统的发展强行加注了一种相对统一的发展模式,生态系统会经历一些优势种之间强烈的相互作用,种群数量出现大幅度的波动,系统变得敏感脆弱,生态恢复需要一定的时间。本文对国内外几十年来的研究成果进行综述,总结今后应大力开展海洋石油污染调查研究工作的各个方面。     

GIS技术在房地产市场信息系统中的应用研究

简要介绍了当前国内房地产现状、存在的问题,以及房地产市场信息系统(Real Estate Market Information System,以下简称REMIS)当前所处的发展背景.指出房产GIS在标准和应用上存在的一些问题.对房地产管理和REMIS对GIS的需求情况进行了分析.根据需求分析作者提出了GIS技术在REMIS中的几种应用模式,并指出基于楼盘表为核心的GIS应用模式将是未来房产GIS发展的方向.针对房产GIS应用的不同模式采用的几种关键技术也做了相应描述.