采用碳氮稳定同位素技术对黄海中南部鳗鱼食性的研究

根据2005年4～5月在黄海和长江口海域进行的春季底拖网调查，应用稳定同位素方法研究了黄海中南部鯷鱼（Engraulis　japonicus）及其可能摄食饵料的碳氮稳定同位素比值，结果表明：（1）黄海中南部鯷鱼的食物组成为不同粒径的浮游动物、太平洋磷虾（Euphausia pacifuca）和仔稚鱼，其中以粒径为500-900μm的浮游动物为主，贡献比例占61％～84％；仔稚鱼贡献比例占16％～21％，较传统胃含物方法分析的结果小；（2）黄海中部海域鯷鱼的碳氮稳定同位素比值平均值较南部海域高，原因可能与各海域的能量来源不同或存在微食物环有关，也可能与不同海域鯷鱼的能量转换途径不一样，即与食物链长短不一有关．     

烟台港和邻近锚地及其入境船舶压舱水中的浮游植物

本文根据2003年5月到2004年4月间烟台港和邻近锚地水域及其船舶压舱水中的浮游植物调查资料,对浮游植物的群落结构和压舱水对其影响进行了初步研究。结果表明,烟台港和临近锚地的浮游植物群落主要由温带沿岸性物种组成,以硅藻为主,还有少量甲藻和金藻;对比船舶压舱水中浮游植物群落发现:压舱水中浮游植物群落和本地群落的结构有很大差异,有害物种在压舱水中出现的频率较高。     

1998年夏、冬季南海水团分析

为了解南海水团的特征和分布 ,基于 1 998年夏季和冬季两个航次的实测资料 ,采用聚类分析、判别分析和模糊分析方法 ,对南海的水团进行了分析。结果表明 ,南海外海水可划分为 6个水团 ,即南海表层水团、南海次表层水团、南海次 中层混合水团、南海中层水团、南海深层水团和南海底盆水。越南附近夏季存在一个暖涡 ;1 998年夏季还可鉴别出黑潮表层水团和黑潮次表层水团 ,但在冬季观测期间无黑潮水越过 1 1 9.5°E经线进入南海 ;这些现象可能与厄尔尼诺现象有关联。夏季有苏禄海海水在 5 0— 75m层经由民都洛海峡侵入南海     

冲绳海槽有孔虫壳体的微量元素Sr,Nd同位素地球化学

钙质生物壳的微量元素组合和Sr,Nd同位素组成是识别海底混合源沉积物中生物源物质相对贡献的重要参数.冲绳海槽有孔虫壳体强烈富集Sr,P,Mn和Ba,富集Li,U,Th,Sc,Co,Pb,Zn,Cr,Rb,Y,Sb和轻稀土元素,弱富集V,Ga,Zr,Nb,Cd和中稀土元素,相对贫Ge,Mo,In,Sn,Cs,Hf,Ta,W,Tl,Bi和重稀土元素,海水中微量元素的背景含量和生物活动对微量元素的选择性吸收是有孔虫壳体中微量元素发生富集和贫化的主要机制,冲绳海槽有孔虫壳体的稀土元素配分模式与海水和太平洋有孔虫的有明显差异,表现出中稀土元素相对富集,并具有微弱的负Ce异常.有孔虫壳体的Sr,Nd同位素比值也与大洋海水不同,分别为0.709769和0.512162,前者略高于大洋海水,后者略低于大洋海水,表明冲绳海槽海水明显受大陆河水影响.     

A combined numerical tidal model for the Hangzhou Bay and Qiantang River

-In order to avoid prescribing open boundary condition on the upstream side of the Hangzhou Bay, in numerical simulation of the tides and residual currents of the Bay, a 1-D model for the Qiantang River is connected to the 2-D model for the Hangzhou Bay. The harmonic constants of diurnal constituent [ (K1 O1)/2],semidiurnal constituent (M2) and shallow water constituent (M4) are obtained. The results produced by the combined model are in better agreement with the observed ones than those produced solely by the original 2-D model. The combined model gives much more reliable results for tide-induced residual water level and current.     

基于GF-1卫星的海上溢油定量监测——以青岛溢油事故为例

基于GF-1卫星数据对2013年11月22日青岛黄潍输油管道爆炸造成的海面溢油进行定量监测。研究首先采用2013年11月26日GF-1卫星数据对海面溢油进行提取,其统计面积为0.67 km2;其次,结合肖剑伟提出的油膜厚度单波段反演模型估算油膜厚度,最终计算得到溢油量为0.28 t;最后,对Band 1反射率与油膜厚度结果进行灰度分割,将溢油污染程度分为6级,对比发现两者分级结果较为一致。由此得出,通过反射率直接进行灰度分割可以对溢油污染进行有效的等级评定。     

南印度洋SST与南亚季风环流年代际变化的研究

利用美国NCEP全球大气再分析资料和JONES全球海表面温度异常(SSTA)资料，分析了南印度洋SSTA和南亚季风环流年代际变化的特征。研究发现，无论是南印度洋副热带海水辐合区的SST还是赤道以北非洲西海岸附近上升运动海区的SST的长期变化趋势，除了准3-5年的变化以外，还存在着明显的年代际的变化。对于全球最显著南亚季风环流的分析表明，南亚季风环流也存在明显的年代际时间尺度的变化。与南太平洋SST的年代际变化相比，南印度洋SST的变化周期要相对短一些。通过分析南半球冷空气年代际活动的特征发现，冷空气与南印度洋SST年代际时间尺度的变化具有密切的联系。     

Effect of Cyclic Loading Frequency on Undrained Behaviors of Undisturbed Marine Clay

Based on a series of cyclic triaxial tests, the effect of cyclic frequency on the undrained behaviors of undisturbed marine clay is investigated. For a given dynamic stress ratio, the accumulated pore water pressure and dynamic strain increase with the number of cycles. There exists a threshold value for beth the accumulated pore water pressure and dynamic strain, below which the effect of cyclic frequency is very small, but above which the accumulated pore water pressure and dynamic strain increase intensely with the decrease of cyclic frequency for a given number of cycles. The dynamic strength increases with the increase of cyclic frequency, whereas the effect of cyclic frequency on it gradually diminishes to zero when the number of cycles is large enough, and the dynamic strengths at different frequencies tend to the same limiting minimum dynamic strength. The test results demonstrate that the reasons for the frequency effect on the undrained soil behaviors are beth the creep effect induced by the loading rate and the decrease of sample effective confining pressure caused by the accumulated pore water pressure.     

ECOLOGICAL DISTRIBUTION OF HYDROCARBON-DEGRADATION BACTERIA IN XIAMEN HARBOR

The ecology of hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria were investigated during five cruises in Xiamen Harbor. The results demonstrated that number of hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria were 2.1×102-7.5×106 cell/1 and 1.7×102-1.5×106 ceil/g dry and hetcrotrophic bacteria were 3.0× 104-5.9× 109 cell/1 and 2.53× 103-5.0× 103 cell/g dry in seawater and sediment respectively. The isolated strains which can degrade the petroleum belong to fifteen genera. Most, strains can only degsade one kind of hydro- carbon or petroleum. The results showed that the population and the species-composition of hydro carbon-degrading microorganisms were positively correlated with existing level of oil pollution and with water temperature, but independent of total microbtat count.     

DISCUSSION ON THE PLEISTOCENE HIGH SEA LEVEL ABOUT THE SHANDONG PENINSULA

It has for many years been controversial whether there was a Pleistocene high sea level on the Shandong Peninsula. Our investigations in recent years suggest that the red sandy sediments distributed around the Yuanyaodun village, Weihai County, the "Liukuang Red Bed" and the loess-like deposits near Penglai County should be terrestrial deposits, and there is will not a convincing evidence to confirm that abrasion landforms found above the 10m elevation oa the coast are of marine origin. From these, it is still not safe to say that a high sea level had occurred in the Shandong Peninsula during the Pleistocene.