多孔介质中非均匀流动特性的染色示踪试验研究

通过土壤染色剂进行的4组试验,对不同介质结构条件下的水流和溶质非均匀运动规律,非均匀流动变异信息分布特征关系以及全局性非均匀流动示踪方法进行了研究。结果表明,即使在相对比较均匀的介质条件下,流动也表现出明显的非均匀特性;对数正态分布能够较好的反映水流的运动分布模式,相比水流运动,溶质的运动和分布规律明显不同,表现出更多的不确定性和变异性。     

新疆包古图斑岩铜矿伴生元素金和银赋存状态初步研究

新疆西准噶尔包古图斑岩铜矿床Au平均含量0.25g/t,Ag为2.56g/t,Cu为0.30%,属于富金斑岩铜矿。伴生金和银矿化作用有两期:早期为斑岩矿化,形成了Cu-Mo-Au矿化组合,是主矿化期;后期叠加了Cu-Au-Ag-Te-Bi矿化,规模不大,出露于矿床的局部部位,但对矿石起到了加富作用。通过对钻孔薄片和光薄片的镜下观察及电子探针成分分析,认为早期矿化中Au和Ag主要呈固溶体形式存在于硫化物中,分布比较均匀,基本上不出现独立矿物,Au含量明显高于Ag;晚期矿化形成了复杂的Cu-Au-Ag-Te-Bi矿物,矿石呈浸染状和脉状叠加在早期矿化之上,以银矿物为主,与多种碲铋类矿物共生,主要银矿物有碲银矿、铋-碲银矿(?)、银-辉碲铋矿(?)、银-硫铋铜矿、银金矿等。晚期矿化规模不大,但对于提高矿床的经济价值具有重要意义。     

合成纤蛇纹石纳米管组装ZnS的实验研究

采用超声化学法在合成纤蛇纹石纳米管内进行了组装ZnS量子点的研究。利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、透射电镜(TEM)及紫外-可见光谱仪对组装样品进行了表征。TEM观察发现在纤蛇纹石纳米管中组装了ZnS;XRD分析表明组装的ZnS量子点为β-ZnS结构,其平均晶粒度为4.2nm;紫外-可见吸收光谱研究表明ZnS量子点的吸收边红移5nm。     

气象固定资产管理存在问题的探讨

通过对气象固定资产管理中存在的问题及成因分析,提出加强气象固定资产管理的一些建议。     

地震诱发石碑塬黄土地层液化滑移距离研究

为研究1920年海原地震中石碑塬地区液化滑移灾害的形成机制、滑移特征及滑移距离，对石碑塬液化滑移区进行钻孔勘探、取样以及探槽开挖。分别对钻孔及所取试样进行剪切波速测试及颗粒分析、室内动三轴试验，得出石碑塬液化滑移区地层分布情况、震时液化土体层位以及不同地震烈度条件下砂质黄土层的液化情况。综合分析钻孔勘探、颗粒分析、动三轴试验结果，揭示出海原地震中石碑塬黄土地层液化滑移灾害的形成机制：砂质黄土层液化后在自重应力以及地震力的共同作用下"托浮"第一古土壤层以及上部"粉尘化"的非饱和黄土层沿缓斜坡运动，并利用液化滑移地层滑距公式对滑移距离进行估算，得到结果为223.35 m，与实际情况较为相符。研究结果可为黄土地层液化滑移灾害的预防提供一定的借鉴意义。     

Application of RgMap system on digital regional geological survey

Digital geological mapping fundamentally broke through the traditional working pattern,successfully carried out the geological mapping digitalization.By using the RGMAP system to field digital geological mapping,the authors summarized the method of work and the work flow of the RGMAPGIS during the field geological survey.First,we prepared material,set up the PRB gallery,then put the geographic base map under the background maplayer and organizing the field hand map,forming the field factual datum map.At last,the geological space database is formed.     

温度和盐度对埋栖性双壳类泥蚶(Tegillarca granosa) 呼吸、排泄的影响

在人工条件下采用静水封闭呼吸瓶的方法研究了温度、盐度对泥蚶(Tegillarca granosa)呼 吸、排泄的影响, 并综合分析了温度、盐度交互作用对呼吸、排泄的影响程度, 为泥蚶基础生物学研 究积累了资料。结果表明, 在设定的不同温度条件下泥蚶耗氧率变化范围0.63-4.47mg/(g·h), 单因 素方差分析结果显示4 个盐度条件下泥蚶耗氧率的差异均极显著(P<0.01); 排氨率的变化范围 123.11-955.68μg/(g·h), 排氨率受温度的影响也均极显著(P<0.01); 经回归发现, 在温度13-31℃ 范 围内, 耗氧率和排氨率均与温度的变化呈显著的指数相关。除温度为18℃ 时, 其它各温度条件下, 不同盐度梯度间的耗氧率差异不显著(P>0.05), 盐度对排氨率影响的变化趋势不一致。在温度 (13-31℃)和盐度(18-28)时, 温度和盐度对耗氧率、排氨率的影响均存在交互作用, 耗氧率(Y)、排 氨率(Y)与温度(T)和盐度(S)之间的二元线性回归关系为Y=a+bT+cS+dT×S.泥蚶呼吸排泄的O:N 比 在4.50-13.07 之间, 平均值为7.16.泥蚶呼吸排泄的代谢活动受温度、盐度的影响显著。     

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Species Composition and Diversity of Macrobenthos in the Intertidal Zone of Xiangshan Bay,China

Xiangshan bay is a narrow semi-closed bay and situated on the northwestern coast of the East China Sea. Over past decades, it has become to a major bay with intensive human activities, dense urbanized area, and poor water quality. The aim of this paper was to reveal the ecological status through the elucidation of the species composition, abundance, biomass and diversity of macrobenthos in this bay. Six intertidal sections were surveyed from January 2007 to November 2008 quarterly. Sections TG, HD and XH are located in the three inner bays, sections QJ and WS are located near the thermal power plants, and section XX is located at the outer part of Xiangshan Bay. Great variations in macrobenthos community were indentified, and the species composition of the community in the present study showed the dominance in the order of molluscs(bivalves and gastropods), crustaceans and others, and only few Polychaeta were recorded. Only three dominant species, Littorina brevicula, Ilyplax tansuiensis, and Cerithidea cingulata were collected in all the sections, and a total of 19 dominant species were recorded only in one section. Two-way ANOVA analyses of abundance indicated that there were significant differences among sections or seasons. Shannon-Wiener diversity index(H’) had its maximum(2.45) in section QJ, and minimum(1.76) in section TG. Multiple irregular k-dominance plots clearly showed that the study area was polluted and the macrobenthos community was under stress. We conclude that the macrobenthos of Xiangshan Bay have been disturbed by human activities, especially at the interior bay.