海洋立管涡激振动的流固耦合模拟计算

通过求解粘性Navier-Stokes方程、湍流模型,以及涡激振动的结构动力响应方程,实现流固耦合,运用动网格技术,在雷诺数3 125～16 250的较大范围内对立管低质量比、小阻尼的情况进行了单自由度和两自由度涡激振动的模拟计算。得到了立管升阻力系数、位移比和频率等随约化速度变化的规律,捕捉到锁定、失谐和相位开关等现象,并与经典的实验及模拟结果做对比,效果很好。然后对两种自由度的结果进行对比,表明在低质量情况下流向阻力引起的运动对振动的影响不能忽略。     

九龙江口水体中1995年有机物的转移

1995年3个航次调查研究结果表明,九龙江口水体总有机物的含量受悬浮物含量控制。在S＜5的低盐度区,悬浮泥沙和有机物产生明显的絮凝沉降;在S＞5的广阔海域,它们的迁移接近于理想混合。估算得出九龙江河流的入海通量约：悬浮泥沙为9．8×105t／a;总COD为3．2×104t／a,其中溶解态COD为2.1×104t／a,约占2／3,为水体有机物的主要形态,如换算为溶解有机碳,则DOC的平均通量为3．2×104t／a。     

栉孔扇贝精子形成过程的超微结构研究

通过电镜观察,描述了栉孔扇贝精子形成过程的超微结构变化。栉孔扇贝的精子过程可分成为早期,中期和后期３个阶段。（１）早期：细胞核呈团块状,近端中心粒移向精子细胞的后端并嵌在核的凹窝处,在被观察的视野内,可见到大量与精子细胞分离的成熟鞭毛。（２）中期：核由团块状向流线型转变。顶体泡向帽状顶体转变,顶体下间隙开始出现。近端中心粒分化出中心粒卫星体。（３）后期：精子细胞核变成上窄下宽的长柱状,形成帽状顶体     

山东省海岛多元协同治理困境及对策探析

为应对海岛开发利用的热潮和海岛环境恶化的趋势,加快构建海岛多元治理体制,有力支撑海岛治理决策,文章关注山东省海岛治理现状,采用多元协同治理理论进行系统评价,诊断其中存在的问题,并结合国外先进经验,有针对性地探究科学合理的治理对策。研究结果表明:山东省是海洋大省,共有海岛589个,主要分布于黄、渤海附近海域;目前山东省海岛治理存在主体范围过窄、权责界限混乱、政策法制不健全以及社会力量总体参与积极性不高等问题;针对政府职能转变不彻底、缺乏多元共建长效机制和非政府主体参与海岛治理意识不强等方面存在的不足,亟须明确海岛治理多元主体的角色定位和探索海岛多元协同治理的现实路径,即培育海岛多元协同治理的价值理念、明晰海岛多元协同治理的权责范围、健全海岛多元协同治理规范和优化海岛多元协同治理机制,从而真正形成政府主导、社会组织有效协助和公众积极主动参与的海岛多元协同治理新局面。     

南海东北部陆架边缘第四纪高分辨率层序地层和沉积体系演化及其控制因素

The northeastern shelf margin of the South China Sea(SCS) is characterized by the development of large scale foresets complexes since Quaternary. Based on integral analysis of the seismic, well logging and paleontological data, successions since ～3.0 Ma can be defined as one composite sequence, consist of a set of regional transgressive to regressive sequences. They can be further divided into six 3 rd order sequences(SQ0–SQ5) based on the Exxon sequence stratigraphic model. Since ～1.6 Ma, five sets of deltaic systems characterized by development of wedge-shaped foresets complexes or clinoforms had been identified. High-resolution seismic data and the thick foresets allowed further divided of sub-depositional sequences(4 th order) of regression to transgression, which is basically consistent with published stacked benthic foram O-isotope records. Depositional systems identified in the study area include deltaic deposits(inner-shelf deltas and shelf-edge deltas), incised valleys, and slope slumping massive deposits. Since ～1.6 Ma, clinoforms prograded from the southern Panyu Lower Uplift toward the northern Baiyun Depression, shelf slope break migrated seaward, whereas the shelf edge of SQ0 migrated landward. The development of incised valleys in the continental shelf increased upward,especially intensive on the SB3 and SB2. The slumping massive deposits increased abruptly since SB2, which corresponds to the development of incised valleys. The evolution of depositional systems of continental slope mainly controlled by the combined influence of sea level changes, tectonic movements, sediment supply and climate changes. Since ～3.0 Ma, relative sea level of the northern SCS had been experienced transgression(～3.0 Ma BP) to regression(～1.6 Ma BP). The regional regression and maximum transgressions of the composite sequences were apparently enhanced by uplift or subsidence related to tectono-thermal events. In addition,climatic variations including monsoon intensification and the mid-Pleistocene transition may have enhanced sediment supply by increasing erosion rate and have an indispensable influence on the development of the incised valleys and 5 sets of deltaic systems since ～1.6 Ma.     

Sensitive and rapid detection of two toxic microalgae Alexandrium by loop-mediated isothermal amplification

A loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay was designed and evaluated for rapid detection of the toxic microalgae Alexandrium catenella and A. minutum, which can produce paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP). Two sets of four specific primers targeting these two species were derived from the sequence of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) of ribosomal DNA. The method worked well in less than an hour under isothermal conditions of 65℃. LAMP specificity was validated in closely related algae as a comparison, suggesting the strict specificity of the LAMP primers. Two visual inspection approaches were feasible to interpret the positive or negative results. The detection limits of A. catenella and A. minutum samples using the LAMP assay were found to be 5.6 and 4.5 pg DNA, respectively. The sensitivity of this LAMP assay was 10 or 100-fold higher than Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) method in detecting the two microalgae. These characteristics of species specificity, sensitivity, and rapidity suggest that this method has the potentiality in the monitoring of red tide caused by A. catenella and A. minutum.     

海洋沉积物孔隙水中阴阳离子含量的离子色谱法分析方法

分别采用Metrosep A Supp4-250型阴离子柱和Metrosep C 2-150型阳离子柱,以1.8 mmol/L Na2CO3 1.7 mmol/L NaHCO3和4 mmol/L酒石酸 0.75 mmol/L吡啶二羧酸为阴阳离子淋洗液,用离子色谱仪来测定海洋沉积物孔隙水中阴离子Cl-、Br-和SO42-浓度和阳离子Na 、NH4 、K 、Ca2 、Mg2 的浓度。特别是针对高Cl-和高Na 背景下Br-和NH4 的测定做了专门分析,得到了较理想的结果,建立了一套离子色谱法测定海洋沉积物孔隙水中常见的阴阳离子含量的实验方法。     

利用臭氧氧化发光光谱特征检测水质污染

利用不同的污染物质在被臭氧氧化时发光特性不同的原理检测水质污染。检测出来的发光光谱与不同污染源的特征光谱进行对比,辅助发光时序等特征,检测几种污染物的含量和确定污染源。对涉及的有关技术问题进行了探讨。     

东海陆架水文浊度要素自动采集系统设计

提出了一种利用四脚架体原位观测东海陆架区域水文、浊度要素的方法,通过数据采集单元,实现对测量要素的采集和存储。通过对获取数据的分析,表明该方法安全可靠,可为揭示东海内陆架沉积过程研究提供数据来源。     

大连蜈蚣藻孢子发育及生活史的研究

在实验室条件下,对大连蜈蚣藻(Grateloupia dalianensis H.W.Wang et D.Zhao)的孢子早期发育、盘状体的形成和直立枝生长进行了详细研究,对其生活史进行了详细观察,并进行了温度和光照强度对孢子发育影响的研究。结果表明:(1)孢子发育类型为间接盘状体型;(2)生活史由雌、雄配子体、四分孢子体和果孢子体三相世代组成,配子体与孢子体形态相同,属于同型世代交替,与属模蜈蚣藻(G.filicina)一致;(3)温度对盘状体和直立枝生长均有影响,最适温度均为16℃;(4)光照强度对盘状体和直立枝生长均有影响,最适光照强度分别为7 500 lx和10 000 lx。