东海盆地西湖凹陷平北区断陷层断裂特征及其对圈闭的控制

以基底古隆精细刻画为基础,分析东海陆架盆地西湖凹陷平北区断陷层系断裂发育特征,并探讨断裂对圈闭发育的控制作用,以指导区内构造圈闭搜索与评价。根据古隆起和骨干断裂展布特征,将平北区划分为北部同向多阶断阶区、中部反向多阶断阶区和南部同向单断断阶区等3个次级区带。综合区域应力背景和火山活动期次,厘定出平北区断陷期早、晚两期断裂系统。早期断裂以NE走向为主,控制古隆起发育。晚期断裂数量多、分布广,以NNE走向为主。在南强北弱的区域伸展背景下,断陷晚期断裂发育受早期断裂及古隆起影响,局部应力场发生扭动调整,在平湖组沉积时期表现为南部强伸展、中部张扭和北部弱伸展夹扭动3种不同应力场。在此基础上,明确了张扭性断裂组合及古隆起边缘受断层影响的牵引背斜是决定有利圈闭发育的主要因素,最终提出通过平北区古隆起周边断裂精细梳理是圈闭搜索与评价的重要方向。     

风尘石英在物源示踪和古气候研究中的应用

系统总结了近几十年来应用风尘石英的物理和化学特性(如粒度、形貌特征、电子自旋共振(ESR)信号强度、结晶度指数(CI)、含量和通量,以及δ~(18)O等)进行物源和古气候示踪等方面的研究进展,并分析了其中存在的问题。结果表明石英的这些指标具有稳定性,可以指示物源和古气候变化,对目前研究提出的问题和建议也对今后用风尘石英指示古气候变化的研究有重要的借鉴意义。     

中小型海水淡化装置及其能量回收技术的开发和应用

海水淡化是解决沿海地区淡水资源短缺问题的重要途径,目前我国适用于海岛、舰船和钻井平台等工况的中小型海水淡化装置及其能量回收技术还不完善。文章分别介绍手持式、自增压式和撬装式(船用、岛用和风光油储一体化)中小型海水淡化装置系列的技术特点,并按类别分别介绍装置关键技术即能量回收技术的工作原理,提出研发中小型海水淡化装置与能量回收一体机的系列化产品可有效降低能耗、促进技术进步和满足国内需求。     

南海东北部陆架边缘第四纪高分辨率层序地层和沉积体系演化及其控制因素

The northeastern shelf margin of the South China Sea(SCS) is characterized by the development of large scale foresets complexes since Quaternary. Based on integral analysis of the seismic, well logging and paleontological data, successions since ～3.0 Ma can be defined as one composite sequence, consist of a set of regional transgressive to regressive sequences. They can be further divided into six 3 rd order sequences(SQ0–SQ5) based on the Exxon sequence stratigraphic model. Since ～1.6 Ma, five sets of deltaic systems characterized by development of wedge-shaped foresets complexes or clinoforms had been identified. High-resolution seismic data and the thick foresets allowed further divided of sub-depositional sequences(4 th order) of regression to transgression, which is basically consistent with published stacked benthic foram O-isotope records. Depositional systems identified in the study area include deltaic deposits(inner-shelf deltas and shelf-edge deltas), incised valleys, and slope slumping massive deposits. Since ～1.6 Ma, clinoforms prograded from the southern Panyu Lower Uplift toward the northern Baiyun Depression, shelf slope break migrated seaward, whereas the shelf edge of SQ0 migrated landward. The development of incised valleys in the continental shelf increased upward,especially intensive on the SB3 and SB2. The slumping massive deposits increased abruptly since SB2, which corresponds to the development of incised valleys. The evolution of depositional systems of continental slope mainly controlled by the combined influence of sea level changes, tectonic movements, sediment supply and climate changes. Since ～3.0 Ma, relative sea level of the northern SCS had been experienced transgression(～3.0 Ma BP) to regression(～1.6 Ma BP). The regional regression and maximum transgressions of the composite sequences were apparently enhanced by uplift or subsidence related to tectono-thermal events. In addition,climatic variations including monsoon intensification and the mid-Pleistocene transition may have enhanced sediment supply by increasing erosion rate and have an indispensable influence on the development of the incised valleys and 5 sets of deltaic systems since ～1.6 Ma.     

红树林湿地沉积物硫酸盐-甲烷界面分布特征及其影响因素研究

利用孔隙水化学和稳定同位素化学等方法分析珠江口红树林湿地沉积层孔隙水硫酸根(SO_4~(2-))、游离甲烷气体(CH_4)、总溶解无机碳(DIC)以及δ13CDIC的垂直剖面分布特征.结果显示,孔隙水SO_4~(2-)浓度自表至底呈线性梯度减小,至硫酸盐-甲烷界面(SMI)附近,硫酸盐几乎全部消耗,而CH_4浓度急剧增大,KC1、KC3、KC4、K17和K10等5个站位SMI深度分别为20、50、70、80、50 cm,SMI深度由红树林湿地林间向光滩逐渐增大.同时,孔隙水DIC浓度在该深度明显升高,沉积物发生强烈的甲烷厌氧氧化(AOM)作用.在AOM过程中,由于12CH_4氧化速率较13CH_4快,故引起沉积物孔隙水δ13CDIC偏轻.沉积层中的有机质含量及其活性高低是制约沉积物SMI分布深浅的关键因素,高含量的活性有机质可加速孔隙水SO_4~(2-)再矿化过程的消耗,使得通过AOM作用的SO_4~(2-)消耗通量相应增大.在微生物作用下,部分活性有机质被大量消耗,致使进入沉积物SO_4~(2-)还原带的活性有机质数量相应减少,从而引起部分SO_4~(2-)转为与CH_4发生反应促进AOM作用.     

Sensitive and rapid detection of two toxic microalgae Alexandrium by loop-mediated isothermal amplification

A loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay was designed and evaluated for rapid detection of the toxic microalgae Alexandrium catenella and A. minutum, which can produce paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP). Two sets of four specific primers targeting these two species were derived from the sequence of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) of ribosomal DNA. The method worked well in less than an hour under isothermal conditions of 65℃. LAMP specificity was validated in closely related algae as a comparison, suggesting the strict specificity of the LAMP primers. Two visual inspection approaches were feasible to interpret the positive or negative results. The detection limits of A. catenella and A. minutum samples using the LAMP assay were found to be 5.6 and 4.5 pg DNA, respectively. The sensitivity of this LAMP assay was 10 or 100-fold higher than Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) method in detecting the two microalgae. These characteristics of species specificity, sensitivity, and rapidity suggest that this method has the potentiality in the monitoring of red tide caused by A. catenella and A. minutum.     

Molecular cloning and expression analysis of interleukin-1β from Japanese sea perch (Lateolabrax japonicus)

1 Introduction IL-1βis a pleiotropic proinlammatory cytokine with a wide spectrum of inflammatory, metabolic, hematopoietic and immunological activities and is re- sponsible for the symptoms of sickness during the host response to infection (Dinarello, 1…     

Distribution pattern of pelagic amphipods and its affecting facors in the East China Sea

1 IntroductionAmphipoda, an order of marine pelagic shell-fish, belongs to class Crustacea, subclass Malacost-raca (Chen and Shi,2002). Species of this ordercan be found all over the world, especially in tropi-cal and subtropical oceans. As fish diets, th…     

海洋沉积物孔隙水中阴阳离子含量的离子色谱法分析方法

分别采用Metrosep A Supp4-250型阴离子柱和Metrosep C 2-150型阳离子柱,以1.8 mmol/L Na2CO3 1.7 mmol/L NaHCO3和4 mmol/L酒石酸 0.75 mmol/L吡啶二羧酸为阴阳离子淋洗液,用离子色谱仪来测定海洋沉积物孔隙水中阴离子Cl-、Br-和SO42-浓度和阳离子Na 、NH4 、K 、Ca2 、Mg2 的浓度。特别是针对高Cl-和高Na 背景下Br-和NH4 的测定做了专门分析,得到了较理想的结果,建立了一套离子色谱法测定海洋沉积物孔隙水中常见的阴阳离子含量的实验方法。     

利用臭氧氧化发光光谱特征检测水质污染

利用不同的污染物质在被臭氧氧化时发光特性不同的原理检测水质污染。检测出来的发光光谱与不同污染源的特征光谱进行对比,辅助发光时序等特征,检测几种污染物的含量和确定污染源。对涉及的有关技术问题进行了探讨。