廉州湾及其邻近水域初级生产力研究

１９９２～１９９３年，在对廉州湾及其邻近海域的环境调查中，首次对该海区叶绿素ａ与初级生产力进行了测定。获得叶绿素ａ的春季平均值为１．００ｍｇ·ｍ－３，秋季为０．２９ｍｇ·ｍ－３，初级生产力的平均值为３０１．５ｍｇ·ｍ－２·ｄ－１。文章对调查区初级生产力的分布特征及变化规律进行了探讨，并与北方沿海的初级生产力水平进行了比较。     

Numerical and simplified methods for the calculation of the total horizontal wave force on a perforated caisson with a top cover

The VOF method and the k–ε model, combined with the equation of state of air at constant temperature, have been used to calculate the total horizontal wave force caused by monochromatic waves acting on a perforated caisson with a top cover. From comparison of various parameters, such as the total horizontal force, the pressure difference on the front wall, the pressure on the back wall and the pressure on the top cover, between the numerical results and test data, it can be seen that the numerical results agree well with the test data. It is concluded that the method described in this paper can be utilized to calculate wave forces acting on perforated caissons with a top cover in the case of nonovertopping, nonbreaking waves. A simplified method to calculate the total horizontal force has been developed, based on test data, using a least-squares method. A comparison between the numerical results and the values calculated from the simplified equations shows good agreement. Therefore the simplified equations can be used in engineering applications to evaluate the total horizontal force on a perforated caisson with a top cover.     

用臭氧处理海水对鱼虾的急性毒性效应研究

本实验检测了不同浓度臭氧残留对中国对虾(Penaeus chinensis)、牙鲆（Paralichthys oilvaceus）存活率的影响。结果表明，对虾的耐受力要比牙鲆鱼强，中国对虾在臭氧浓度≥1.0mg/L时，可存活至少48h，而芽鲆在此浓度下3h后，即出现鳃部充血肿胀、呼吸频率加快等不适应现象，48h LC50为0.13mg/L。如果能正确控制臭氧的残留量，利用臭氧净化养殖用水是一个不容质疑的水质净化的好方法。     

Optimal Design for Main Dimensions of a 75000t Floating Production and Storage Vessel

The basis, process and results of the demonstration of the main dimensions of a 75000t floating production and storage vessel are discussed in this paper. A simple but reliable orthogonal design method is applied in the main dimension optimization. The ideas of gradual approximation and feedback from various aspects are put into effect. During the demonstration, in order to make the model tally with the actual situation, the draft design is closely related to the computational analysis, so that the demonstration model can be verified at any time; the handling of the overall system is closely related to the research of each item, which is beneficial not only to the mastery of various regularities, but also to the balance of decisions. Finally, according to the computational results and the regularities obtained from analysis, the main dimensions are determined.     

AN ECOLOGICAL STUDY OF BENTHIC ORGANISMS IN THE NEARSHORE WATERS TO THE WEST OF TAIWAN STRAIT

In seven cruises on benthic organisms in the nearshore waters(>50 m) to the west of the Taiwan Strait(23°20''-25°54''N,117°11''-119°58''E) in 1961-1964,altogether 189 stations of quantitative grabbing and 33 stations of qualitative trawling were made.
Altogether 392 species of benthic organisms have been identified.The composition was dominated by nearshore shallow water species,with tropical and subtropical species absolutely dominant.The total average of biomass was 38.0 g/m² and average density,116.0 ind./m².The communities of benthic organisms in the area can be classified into five communities namely,(1) Amphiura sp.-Acaudina molpadioides Community;(2) Protankyra asymmetrica-Arnphioplus pracstans-Murex trapa Community;(3) Modiolus meicalfei-Phyllophorus liuwutiensis-Armandia letocirris-Nephtys sinensis Community;(4) Branchiostoma belcheri-Solenr oseomaculatus-Marphysa sinensis- Onuphis eremita Community;(5) Iconomtra japonica-Barbatia decussata Community.     

黄河河口演变(Ⅰ) --(一)河口水文特征

本文利用20世纪后半个世纪的完整实测资料，研究了河口径流量与输沙量的变化，自50年代至90年代呈明显递减。对黄河口的水文特征：水情、沙情、断流、离子流量、滨海潮汐、潮流、余流、温、盐度分布、风暴潮、拦门沙与盐水楔等作出定性和定量的论述。对断流的危害、成因及缓解对策作出分析。河口淤积、延伸、改道对黄河下游的影响也作出时空上的定量分析。对1855年以来近代黄河三角洲海岸线变化，作出了定量研究。     

贻贝(Mytilus edulis Linnaeus)唇瓣的扫描电镜观察

本文运用扫描电子显微镜技术研究了贻贝唇瓣的形态结，结果表明，贻贝唇瓣外部形态呈羽毛状，分为光滑面和皱褶面；褶皱面表面被覆浓密纤毛，分有沟嵴和无嵴两部分，界限明显，光滑面纤毛较少，呈簇状，分布不均，在褶皱面中央分界处和光滑面的一侧，有大量球状突起，为杯状细胞所在，纤毛和粘液在食物分拣和运输中起重要作用。     

魁蚶线粒体16S rRNA和COI基因片段序列测定及其应用前景

魁蚶（Ｓｃａｐｈａｒｃａｂｒｏｕｇｈｔｏｎｉｉ）是蚶科贝类的一种大型经济种类，主要分布于我国、日本和朝鲜半岛及俄罗斯东南部沿海。在我国，主要分布于辽宁、河北和山东沿海，生活在３～５０ｍ（多为２０～３０ｍ）水深的软泥或泥沙质海底，是我国北方沿海重要的经济贝类之一。但但有有关关其其自自然然群群体体的的遗遗传传变变异异及及群群体体间间遗遗传传分分化化等等方方面面的的研研究究不不多多 ;;同同时时，，作作者者和和日日本本研研究究者者发发现现，，中中国国、、韩韩国国和和日日本本魁魁蚶蚶群群体体在在形形态态和…     

Computation of Viscous Uniform and Shear Flow over A Circular Cylinder by A Finite Element Method

The incompressible viscous uniform and shear flow past a circular cylinder is studied. The two-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations are solved by a finite element method. The governing equations are discretized by a weighted residual method in space. The stable three-step scheme is applied to the momentum equations in the time integration. The numerical model is firstly applied to the computation of the lid-driven cavity flow for its validation. The computed results agree well with the measured data and other numerical results. Then, it is used to simulate the viscous uniform and shear flow over a circular cylinder for Reynolds numbers from lO0 to lO00. The transient time interval before the vortex shedding occurs is shortened considerably by introduction of artificial perturbation. The computed Strouhal number, drag and lift coefficients agree well with the experimental data. The computation shows that the finite element model can be successfully applied to the viscous flow problem.     

Variation in Water Masses on Shelf of Northern Bering Sea in September 2016-2018

Abstract

Based on hydrological data obtained during the 7th to 9th Chinese National Arctic Research Expeditions in the summers of 2016–2018, the main water structure on the shelf of the northern Bering Sea and the volume and heat fluxes of the Bering Strait throughflow were analyzed. Distinct variability was identified in the three Pacific water masses feeding the strait - Anadyr Water (AW), Bering Shelf Water (BSW) and Alaskan coastal water (ACW). Overall, the temperature and salinity of the entire section increased each year, with 2018 showing significant anomalies, i.e., a temperature anomaly of up to 1?°C and a maximum salinity anomaly of 2. From 2016 to 2018, the extent of the ACW gradually narrowed in the eastern part of this section, while the AW expanded eastward each year. The net volume transport through each of the three sections increased poleward from 1.65?Sv to 2.76?Sv, with the AW increasing from 0?Sv to 1.03?Sv, the BSW varying between 0.52–1.65?Sv, and the ACW gradually decreasing from 1.04?Sv to disappearing completely. The net heat fluxes were also poleward, varying between 25.77 TW and 61.50 TW, and showing a significant increase. Significant variations in magnitude and extent were observed in each water mass of the Bering Strait throughflow, which could produce widespread effects in the Arctic Ocean and the global ocean beyond.