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排序方式: 共有195条查询结果,搜索用时 8 毫秒
151.
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Magnetically enhanced coagulation of very small iron grains 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Laboratory experiments, in which very small (approximately 20 nm) grains are produced in the presence of a magnetic field on the order of 100 Gauss in a low-pressure hydrogen atmosphere, have demonstrated that such smokes can become permanently magnetized. We show that magnetization results in an enormous enhancement in the coagulation efficiency of such materials even in the absence of external magnetic fields. Small iron grains should have been produced in the solar nebula by thermal processing of preexisting interstellar grains. If such processing occurred via high-energy electromagnetic events then the resultant magnetized grains could have triggered the formation of centimeter- to meter-sized protoplanetessimals by acting as "nets" capable of sweeping up nonconductive silicates suspended in the gas. It is possible that the presence of conductive fractal aggregates observed in modern-day protostellar disks could be explained by the enhanced coagulation efficiency of very small magnetized iron particles. 相似文献
153.
为了研究印度河深海冲积扇,地震测量穿入基底,利用测量结果能够绘制阿拉伯海东北部的基底构造图,并描述它的地球动力学演化。基底的主要大地构造是一条EW向地堑,并伴有一个突出的中心,EW向地垒——Pali-tana地垒。这条裂谷被若干NE—SW向的断层斜向切割。大的EW向磁异常同大洋性阿拉伯海盆的磁异常层序不连续。但是,这些磁异常与地壳中的反磁化作用是有联系的,表明这条裂谷位于与德干圈闭(DeccanTraps)有关的被线状火山岩体侵入的拉伸大陆壳之下,或者说位于老于像在东南方向的Laxmi海盆的年代28(64Ma)大洋壳之下。伴随这些构造,在Laxmi海岭从印度大陆的分离过程中NE-SW向断层随着走向滑移模式可以起转变方向的作用。笔者提出裂谷作用和大洋扩张已经发生在与连接大洋性Laxmi海盆、NarmadaSon线性构造和Gop裂谷的三联点周围。这个阶段早于阿拉伯海盆的大洋扩张作用。这一解释符合前面提到的在年代28之前印度和塞舌尔的初始分离说。Laxmi海岭可能是后来离去附着到印度大陆的塞舌尔微板块的一部分。 相似文献
154.
Brown M Davies IM Moffat CF Robinson C Redshaw J Craft JA 《Marine environmental research》2004,58(2-5):559-563
Suppression subtractive hybridisation (SSH) was used to generate cDNA libraries representing genes differentially expressed in response to ethynyl oestradiol (EE2) exposure in liver from male plaice (Pleuronectes platessa) previously analysed for vitellogenin (VTG) induction. Characterisation of the cDNA clones identified many as VTG (2 genes) and zona radiata proteins (ZRP) (3 genes), but 40 encoded other proteins, with more than half cryptic. Further analysis identified 85 non-redundant clones suitable for array on nylon membrane. Radiolabelled cDNAs were prepared from hepatic mRNA from EE2 treated plaice (0 and 21 days) and hybridised with the arrayed clones. Analysis of the data showed that 11/17 novel, 21/22 VTG, 13/14 ZRP, 2/2 liver aspartic proteinase (LAP) and 8/10 other mRNAs were up-regulated by EE2 exposure. 相似文献
155.
Carls MG Babcock MM Harris PM Irvine GV Cusick JA Rice SD 《Marine environmental research》2001,51(2):167-190
Persistence and weathering of Exxon Valdez oil in intertidal mussel (Mytilus trossulus) beds in Prince William Sound (PWS) and along the Gulf of Alaska was monitored from 1992 to 1995. Beds with significant contamination included most previously oiled areas in PWS, particularly within the Knight Island group and the Kenai Peninsula. In sediments, yearly mean concentrations of total petroleum hydrocarbons ranged from < 60 micrograms/g in reference beds to 62,258 micrograms/g wet wt., or approximately 0 to 523 micrograms/g dry wt. total polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (TPAHs). In mussels, mean TPAH concentrations ranged up to 8.1 micrograms/g dry wt. Hydrocarbon concentrations declined significantly with time in some, but not all mussels and sediments, and should reach background levels within three decades of the spill in most beds. In 1995, mean hydrocarbon concentration was greater than twice background concentration in sediments from 27 of 34 sites, and in mussels from 18 of 31 sites. 相似文献
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Although the potential use of biomarkers within environmental risk assessment (ERA) has long been recognised their routine use is less advanced compared with clinical human health risk assessment, where a number of familiar biomarkers (such as blood pressure and serum cholesterol) are in common usage. We have examined how biomarkers are incorporated into human health risk assessment and have identified several 'required elements'. These include identification of the (clinical) assessment endpoint at the outset, rational selection of the biomarker(s) (the measurement endpoint), biomarker 'validation' (e.g. QA/QC) and biomarker 'qualification' (evidence linking the measurement and assessment endpoints). We discuss these elements in detail and propose that their adoption will facilitate the routine use of biomarkers in environmental risk assessment. Furthermore, our analysis highlights the need for cooperation between those working with biomarkers within human and environmental risk assessment to exchange best practice between common disciplines for mutual advantage. 相似文献