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851.
Subrata K. Chakrabarti 《Applied Ocean Research》1984,6(2):73-82
The contribution of the steady drift force on a floating structure may arise from waves, wind and current. The component of the wave drift force may be due to the second-order diffraction theory or potential effect and may be due to the velocity squared force or viscous effect. The presence of current in waves increases the effect of the viscous force. The expressions for these terms for a vertical cylinder are derived and their relative importance is investigated. Plots are presented showing the regions where the viscous or potential drift force predominates. Experiments were conducted with both small and large diameter cylinders. The mean drift forces obtained in these tests are compared with the theory. 相似文献
852.
W.J. Van Sciver 《Ocean Engineering》1973,2(5):223-229
The angular field observable in water by an observer in air depends on the configuration of the air-water interface. When the interface is a plane, the absolute limit to observable field is about
from the normal to the interface. A practical limit, because of lateral chromatic aberration is considerably less, approximately 30°. A conventionally used configuration in research submersibles, is a polymethyl methacrylate port with inner and outer surfaces parallel. This has the same optical limitations as the plane air-water interface. It is shown that if the inner and outer surfaces are not required to be parallel to each other, there are solutions which permit extending the observable field to nearly a full hemisphere with acceptably small distortion and lateral chromatic aberration. 相似文献
853.
R. E. Kirk K. Robertson R. B. Whitmarsh P. R. Miles 《Marine Geophysical Researches》1991,13(2):153-160
A technique has been devised for firing arrays of bottom shots on the ocean bed in depths upto 4000 m or more. Ten kilogram explosive charges are dropped from the surface while the shooting ship is navigated acoustically. They are detonated at preset times by an electronic timer which initiates an electrical detonator, detonating cord and cast PETN/TNT explosive. Ranges to ocean bottom seismographs, and the shot instants, can be calculated from the arrival-time differences of the direct and surface-reflected water waves. The accuracy, which is dependent on water-depth and range, was better than 22 m in range and 14 msec in shot instant for our experiments. 相似文献
854.
Caroline M. Isaacs 《Geo-Marine Letters》1985,5(1):25-30
Although best known as a deposit rich in silica and organic matter, the Miocene Monterey Formation actually had long-term
rates of silica and organic Matter accumulation equal to or lower than values in the underlying and overlying detritus-rich
formations in the Santa Barbara coastal area. The factor Mainly influencing the composition of the Monterey Formation in this
area was the slow accumulation of terrigenous debris. In contrast, with greater than average silica abundance within the Monterey
Formation probably resulted from rapid short-term silica accumulation (of hundreds to tens of thousands years duration) rather
than from especially slow accumulation of diluting debris. 相似文献
855.
Two commonly used methods of simulating random time series, given a target power spectrum, are discussed. Wave group statistics, such as the mean length of runs of high waves, produced by the different simulation schemes are compared. The target spectra used are obtained from ocean measurements, and cover a wide range of ocean conditions. For a sufficiently large number of spectral components, no significant differences are found in the wave group statistics produced by the two simulation techniques. 相似文献
856.
This paper presents a method to evaluate statistical properties of half-cycle excursions including extreme values. The probability density function for half-cycle excursions for an arbitrarily given wave spectrum is developed based on the Gaussian assumption. The results of numerical computations carried out using wave data obtained during hurricane Camille show that the half-cycle probability density function agrees well with the histogram constructed from the data. The extreme wave height for design consideration computed with risk parameter 0.01 is approximately 20% greater than the observed extreme height. 相似文献
857.
Robert E. Salomon 《Ocean Engineering》1989,16(3)
A device for converting ocean wave energy into electricity utilizing a rocking buoy and a hydrogen pressure cell is described. The moored buoy contains a pneumatic tube filled with a dense liquid which rocks back and forth as a result of the ocean wave activity. Hydrogen gas, maintained above the dense fluid is alternatively compressed and expanded by the moving fluid. The hydrogen gas communicates with a hydrogen pressure cell and the resulting pressure difference across the cell leads to an electrical voltage and under load, to electrical power. 相似文献
858.
Richard J. Seymour 《Ocean Engineering》1986,13(5)
A class of turbidity flows is investigated in which sediment is entrained sufficient to balance losses and an equilibrium flow is sustained. The analytical models for predicting equilibrium flow configurations are surveyed. These are found to differ by two orders of magnitude in the required flow speeds. Five field observations of self-sustaining turbidity flows are investigated as a test for the analytical models. The model of Bagnold (1962) is found to have skill in predicting all of the field observations. The significance of these flows to the reliability of pipelines, cables and other engineering structures on continental shelves is considered. Circumstantial evidence is presented that suggests that these flows may be a mechanism for offshore flows of sand from beaches during major storms. 相似文献
859.
A new approach for the solution of the two-dimensional guillotine-cutting problem in ship production
A. Cemil Dikili 《Ocean Engineering》2004,31(8-9):1193-1203
A new approach has been developed for the arrangement of rectangular pieces in plates for the guillotine-cutting problem as encountered in ship production and similar manufacturing processes. The algorithm is quite novel in the sense that instead of making preliminary specifications and ignoring all the alternative arrangements, as is the case for most of the current models, it selectively considers feasible arrangements by eliminating the majority of the probable arrangements that render the problem insolvable. Intermediate steps of the algorithm produce results which cannot be obtained through integer programming. Losses are distributed to the minimum number of plates. The number of arrangement plans is also minimized. Overall the solution of the problem has been drastically simplified to allow even hand calculations instead of long computer runs. 相似文献
860.
Das K Beans C Holsbeek L Mauger G Berrow SD Rogan E Bouquegneau JM 《Marine environmental research》2003,56(3):349-365
The relationship between trophic position through delta13C and delta15N and trace metal concentrations (Zn, Cd, Cu and Hg) was investigated in the tissues of six marine mammal species from the Northeast Atlantic: striped dolphin Stenella coeruleoalba, common dolphin, Delphinus delphis, Atlantic white-sided dolphin Lagenorhynchus acutus, harbour porpoise Phocoena phocoena, white beaked-dolphin Lagenorhynchus albirostris, grey seal Halichoerus grypus stranded on French Channel and Irish coasts. White-beaked dolphins, harbour porpoises, white-sided dolphins, common and striped dolphins display the same relative and decreasing trophic position, as measured by delta15N values, along both the Irish and French channel coasts, reflecting conservative trophic habits between these two places. Hepatic and renal Cd concentrations were significantly correlated to muscle delta13C and delta15N values while Hg, Zn and Cu did not. These results suggest that Cd accumulation is partly linked to the diet while other factors such as age or body condition might explain Hg, Zn or Cu variability in marine mammals. Combined stable isotope and trace metal analyses appear to be useful tools for the study of marine mammal ecology. 相似文献