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181.
182.
M.P. Collings J.W. Dever H.J. Fraser M.R.S. McCoustra 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2003,285(3-4):633-659
The interaction of carbon monoxide (CO) with vapour-deposited water(H2O) ices has been studied using temperature programmed desorption (TPD) and Fourier transform reflection-absorption infrared
spectroscopy (FT-RAIRS) over a range of astrophysically relevant temperatures. Such measurements have shown that CO desorption
from amorphous H2Oices is a much more complex process than current astrochemical models suggest. Re-visiting previously reported laboratory
experiments (Collings et al., 2003), a rate model has been constructed to explain, in a phenomenological manner, the desorption
of CO over astronomically relevant time scales. The model presented here can be widely applied to a range of astronomical
environments where depletion of CO from the gas phase is relevant. The model accounts for the two competing processes of CO
desorption and migration, and also enables the entrapment of some of the CO in the ice matrix and its subsequent release as
the water ice crystallises and then desorbs. The astronomical implications of this model are discussed.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
183.
Chiang E. I. Lovering J. R. Millis R. L. Buie M. W. Wasserman L. H. Meech K. J. 《Earth, Moon, and Planets》2003,92(1-4):49-62
We review ongoing efforts to identify occupants of mean-motion resonances(MMRs) and collisional families in the Edgeworth–Kuiper belt. Directintegrations of trajectories of Kuiper belt objects (KBOs) reveal the 1:1(Trojan), 5:4, 4:3, 3:2 (Plutino), 5:3, 7:4, 9:5, 2:1 (Twotino), and 5:2 MMRsto be inhabited. Apart from the Trojan, resonant KBOs typically have largeorbital eccentricities and inclinations. The observed pattern of resonanceoccupation is consistent with resonant capture and adiabatic excitation bya migratory Neptune; however, the dynamically cold initial conditions priorto resonance sweeping that are typically assumed by migration simulationsare probably inadequate. Given the dynamically hot residents of the 5:2 MMRand the substantial inclinations observed in all exterior MMRs, a fraction ofthe primordial belt was likely dynamically pre-heated prior to resonancesweeping. A pre-heated population may have arisen as Neptune gravitationallyscattered objects into trans-Neptunian space. The spatial distribution of Twotinosoffers a unique diagnostic of Neptune's migration history. The Neptunian Trojanpopulation may rival the Jovian Trojan population, and the former's existence isargued to rule out violent orbital histories for Neptune. Finally, lowest-order seculartheory is applied to several hundred non-resonant KBOs with well-measured orbitsto update proposals of collisional families. No convincing family is detected. 相似文献
184.
Impulsive acoustic waveforms are characterized by a different set of derived quantities than are continuous waveforms. This note presents commonly accepted definitions, units, and symbols used to describe the magnitude of impulsive underwater signals 相似文献
185.
茅排金矿床属中-低温硫化物金矿床,矿体的分布严格受断裂构造控制.通过应用不同的物探方法来寻找控矿断裂,从而达到间接地寻找矿体分布的目的,取得了较好的效果。 相似文献
186.
J. A. WOOD 《Meteoritics & planetary science》1996,31(5):641-645
Abstract— A widely held view of nebular evolution is that during the ~0.5 Ma while interstellar material was collapsing onto the disk, the latter grew in mass to the point of gravitational instability. It responded to this by losing axial symmetry, growing spiral arms that had the capacity to tidally redistribute disk mass (inward) and angular momentum (outward) and prevent further increase in the disk/protosun mass ratio. The spiral arms (density waves) rotated differently than the substance of the nebula, and in some parts of the disk, nebular material may have encountered the arms at supersonic velocities. The disk gas, and solid particles entrained in it, would have been heated to some degree when they passed through shock fronts at the leading edges of the spiral arms. The present paper proposes this was the energetic nebular setting or environment that has long been sought, in which the material now in the planets and chondritic meteorites was thermally processed. 相似文献
187.
A major difficulty in remote sensing is handling the many data from sensors aboard aircraft and satellites. In this paper we identify an optimal procedure for sampling remotely sensed data before their storage or on their retrieval. The procedure depends on spatial correlation in the scene and uses kriging to estimate values that have been lost. An example in which data from an airborne multispectral scanner could be diminished to only about one tenth without serious loss of precision illustrates the method. 相似文献
188.
189.
We present two spectra of the supernova SN1988A in M58 (NGC4579) over the wavelength range 4000–9700 Å, as recorded by the Faint Object Spectrograph on the 4.2 m William Herschel Telescope at the Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos. We conclude that SN1988A was a type II supernova. 相似文献
190.
G. A. GRAHAM P. G. GRANT R. J. CHATER A. J. WESTPHAL A. T. KEARSLEY C. SNEAD G. DOMÍNGUEZ A. L. BUTTERWORTH D. S. McPHAIL G. BENCH J. P. BRADLEY 《Meteoritics & planetary science》2004,39(9):1461-1473
Abstract— In 2006, the Stardust spacecraft will return to Earth with cometary and perhaps interstellar dust particles embedded in silica aerogel collectors for analysis in terrestrial laboratories. These particles will be the first sample return from a solid planetary body since the Apollo missions. In preparation for the return, analogue particles were implanted into a keystone of silica aerogel that had been extracted from bulk silica aerogel using the optical technique described in Westphal et al. (2004). These particles were subsequently analyzed using analytical techniques associated with the use of a nuclear microprobe. The particles have been analyzed using: a) scanning transmission ion microscopy (STIM) that enables quantitative density imaging; b) proton elastic scattering analysis (PESA) and proton backscattering (PBS) for the detection of light elements including hydrogen; and c) proton‐induced X‐ray emission (PIXE) for elements with Z > 11. These analytical techniques have enabled us to quantify the composition of the encapsulated particles. A significant observation from the study is the variable column density of the silica aerogel. We also observed organic contamination within the silica aerogel. The implanted particles were then subjected to focused ion beam (FIB) milling using a 30 keV gallium ion beam to ablate silica aerogel in site‐specific areas to expose embedded particles. An ion polished flat surface of one of the particles was also prepared using the FIB. Here, we show that ion beam techniques have great potential in assisting with the analysis and exposure of Stardust particles. 相似文献