白云鄂博富稀土元素碳酸岩岩墙的地球化学特征及稀土富集机制

本文重点解剖了一条距白云鄂博REE-Nb-Fe矿床东矿NE方向3 km,切割白云鄂博群H1及H2岩性段的细粒方解石碳酸岩岩墙的岩石地球化学特征。结果表明,碳酸岩的稀土元素含量变化大,最高可达20%,已构成稀土富矿石。碳酸岩的轻稀土元素高度富集,轻、重稀土元素之间发生了极度分馏,但无Eu异常的显示。形成这种岩石地球化学特征的可能机制为：碳酸岩浆直接来源于岩石圈富集地幔的低程度部分熔融作用(F<1%),残留地幔矿物组合以富含石榴石为特征;碳酸岩浆在地壳深部岩浆房中的分离结晶作用。碳酸岩的稀土元素和微量元素分布型式均与白云鄂博REE Nb-Fe旷床的赋矿细粒白云石大理岩十分相似。然而,碳酸岩的主要元素以Ca为特征,不同于赋矿细粒白云石大理岩。本文认为造成这种差异的原因在于碳酸岩岩墙没有遭受大规模的白云岩化作用的影响,而赋矿绌粒白云石大理岩则可能是碳酸岩经白云岩化作用的产物。     

壳─幔相互作用的有关问题

现代地质正从地表向空间．从地球浅部向深部发展。壳幔的相互作用制约着地球的演化及岩石圈的各种作用．幔壳、核之间的界面可能主要是化学界面。壳、幔、核内部的界面可能主要是物理界面。在影响岩石圈地球动力学的诸多因素中．岩石圈的组成与地温状况是起决定作用的因素．造山带所记录的地球内部动力机制及其对外部圈层作用的演化历史可以为建立地球系统演化理论和全球动力学理论提供重要资料．     

土水势、未冻水含量和温度

从热力学观点来看,土水体系中的水分迁移是由于该体系中的水处于不平衡状态引起的。这种不平衡状态是由许多力,包括物理、物理化学、力学和水分迁移期间产生的其它过程综合作用的结果。 除重力水之外,土中各种水都受到土矿物颗粒表面能的作用,或者说受到毛细力和吸附力的作用。     

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674987111000508

This paper presents the results of a set of numerical models focussing on structural controls on hydrothermal mineralization.We first give an overview of natural phenomena of structurally-controlled ore formation and the background theory and mechanisms for such controls. We then provide the results of a group of simple 2D numerical models validated through comparison with Cu-vein structure observed near the Shilu Copper deposit(Yangchun,Guangdong Province, China) and finally a case study of 3D numerical modelling applied to the Hodgkinson Province in North Queensland(Australia).Two modelling approaches,discrete deformation modelling and continuum coupled deformation and fluid flow modelling,are involved.The 2D model-derived patterns are remarkably consistent with the Cu-vein structure from the Shilu Copper deposit,and show that both modelling approaches can realistically simulate the mechanical behaviours of shear and dilatant fractures.The continuum coupled deformation and fluid flow model indicates that pattern of the Cuveins near the Shilu deposit is the result of shear strain localization,development of dilation and fluid focussing into the dilatant fracture segments.The 3D case-study models(with deformation and fluid flow coupling) on the Hodgkinson Province generated a number of potential gold mineralization targets.     

海相碳酸盐和磷酸盐的钐-钕法:海水中钕同位素和大陆壳年龄的关系

本文研究了整个地质年代海水中确定 Nd 同位素变化的可能性,调查了方解石、霞石、磷灰石可以作为记录海水εNd 值的可能矿物相。海相环境下近代生物成因和无机沉淀的方解石和霞石,其含 Nd 量为0.2ppb 至70ppb,表明原生海相 CaCO_3含有很少的稀土元素,而且 Nd/Ca 比值相对于碳酸盐沉淀期间的海水来说也没有增加很多。非常年轻的不含大陆岩屑的海成石灰岩、白云岩、含 Nd 量约为200ppb。     

北祁连玉石沟蛇绿岩形成于晚震旦世的SHRIMP年龄证据

玉石沟蛇绿岩位于青藏高原东北缘的北祁连山中部 ,由地幔橄榄岩、堆晶辉长岩、辉绿岩、枕状熔岩以及夹杂在其中的硅质岩组成。地幔橄榄岩主要是方辉橄榄岩 ,其主要氧化物成分较为单一 ,具 L REE富集、Eu亏损的 U形 REE配分模式 ,亏损强不相容元素 ;枕状熔岩具典型 MORB特征 ,在构造判别图解上位于 MORB和 IAT区域 ,指示蛇绿岩可能形成于类似于洋中脊的构造环境 ,并受到火山弧岩浆作用的影响。堆晶辉长岩具明显的 Eu正异常 ,其锆石离子探针 (SHRIMP) 2 0 6 Pb/2 38U加权平均年龄为 5 5 0± 17Ma,Th/U值为 0 .5 3～ 1.85 ,大于0 .2 3,为岩浆成因锆石 ,其年龄代表辉长岩的成岩时代 ,推断玉石沟蛇绿岩形成于晚震旦世。     

Impact of Aircraft NOx Emission on NOx and Ozone over China

A three-dimensional global chemistry transport model (OSLO CTM2) is used to investigate the impact of subsonic aircraft NOx emission on NOz and ozone over China in terms of a year 2000 scenario of subsonic aircraft NOx emission. The results show that subsonic aircraft NOx emission significantly affects northern China, which makes NOx at 250 hPa increase by about 50 pptv with the highest percentage of 60% in January, and leading to an ozone increase of 8 ppbv with 5% relative change in April. The NOx increase is mainly attributed to the transport process, but ozone increase is produced by the chemical process. The NOx increases by less than 10 pptv by virtue of subsonic aircraft NOx emission over China,and ozone changes less than 0.4 ppbv. When subsonic aircraft NOx emission over China is doubled, its influence is still relatively small.     

植被内部及其上方湍流场的数值模拟

植被内部及其上方的湍流流场对于了解植被与大气之间的动量、热量和质量交换过程极其重要。本文把高阶湍流封闭模型的Reynolds应力方程模型(RSM)应用于植被湍流的计算,得到了风速、湍流动能、Reynolds应力及能量耗散率的垂直分布,与现场观测数据比较,甚为满意。     

深海碎屑岩层序地层学50年(1970—2020)重要进展

层序地层学是当前地球科学研究颇为关注的领域,被广泛应用于沉积盆地分析和油气勘探.碎屑岩层序地层学理论方法源于海相盆地,是在被动大陆边缘油气勘探实践的基础上凝练而来的,至今已经历了约50年的发展历程.本文梳理了深海碎屑岩层序过去50年发展历程中的重要进展(包括1970—2000年的经典海相碎屑岩层序地层学、2000—20...     

THE STRUCTURE OF THE NANKOU DISTRICT

The structure of Nankou is characterized by large and small folds.might faults and abundant igneous intrusions in the form of dikes and sills.Anticline of considerable magnitude extends east and west with a squenceof siliceous limestones and alternating beds of slates and quartzites forming