中国阿尔泰山的现代冰川

1980年,中国科学院兰州冰川冻土研究所开展了对中国阿尔泰山冰川冻土的考察研究和冰川编目。组织了阿尔泰山冰川考察队,于当年夏季深入到友谊峰区,对南坡的喀纳斯河源冰川进行了半定位考察,并对其东部地区作了路线考察(图1)。现将此次考     

聚落模型的距离与方向分析

长期以来,地理学者对主要人口中心分布于空间所形成的模型很感兴趣。     

鄂尔多斯盆地南部地区的加里东运动

鄂尔多斯盆地南部地区加里东运动的形变特征主要有三种表现形式：即在盆缘地带形成较宽缓褶皱、逆冲推覆构造，上、下古生界呈角度不整合接触，并构成具造山性质的加里东构造带；向盆地内部依次为和缓隆起、高角度断裂，中、下奥陶统不同层位与上覆上古生界不同层位呈微角度不整合接触；整体抬升，下奥陶统与石炭系不同层位呈平行不整合接触。加里东运动形成于奥陶纪晚期，可再细分为两期，分别与北秦岭构造带早古生代的弧－陆碰撞与陆－陆碰撞作用有关。     

Collating Historic Weather Observations for the East Asian Region:Challenges,Solutions,and Reanalyses

正1.Introduction Historic instrumental weather observations,made on land or at sea from as early as the 17th century(e.g.,Camuffo et al.,2010),are integral to extending our understanding of the decadal and centennial variations of Earth’s climate and for comparison with paleo-proxy data.The potential of such data is shown to best effect when used in dynamical 4D global     

西北干旱区间歇性河流与含水层水量交换研究进展与展望

本文依托国家自然科学基金青年项目“河水温度对干旱区宽浅型河床渗透系数影响的定量研究”,并梳理了其他相关研究,总结了中国西北干旱区间歇性河流与含水层水量交换研究所面临的基础科学问题及当前所取得的研究进展。主要结论为：以宽浅型沙质河床为基本特征的西北干旱区内陆河流域下游河流,其河床每年经历数次干湿交替与冻融过程。受河水温度与河流水动力条件的影响,河床作为河流与含水层相互作用的重要界面,其渗透性能具有高度时空变异性,已成为河水与地下水水量交换研究的难点与热点。分析指出,在环境变化和当前交叉学科迅猛发展的背景下,以河流与含水层相互作用为核心的潜流带水文学发展面临新的机遇与挑战。     

The mid- to late Holocene paleoceanographic changes in the northern North Atlantic

A high-resolution diatom record from core MD99-2275 shows a general paleoceanographic change in the northern North Atlantic since 5000 cal. a B.P. by Principle Component Analysis. Sea surface temperature (SST) increased gradually during 5000 and 3000 cal. a B.P. on the North Icelandic shelf as a result of increasing influence of warm Atlantic water mass from the Irminger Current. It apparently started to decrease since 3000 cal. a B.P. due to the weakening influence of warm water and enhanced influence of the Polar and Arctic water masses from the East Greenland Current and the East Icelandic Current. Abrupt decreases in SST and intrusions of Polar and Arctic water superimposed on the late Holocene cooling trend during 3000-2600, 1300-1000 and 600-200 cal. a B.P.. The paleoceanographic record revealed from core MD99-2275 corresponds well with δ¹⁸O record from the GISP2 and is generally consistent with other SST records based on diatom on the North Icelandic shelf. __________ Translated from Marine Science Bulletin, 2008, 27(5) [译自:海洋通报]     

西秦岭新生代钾霞橄黄长岩的地球化学及其岩浆源区性质

西秦岭礼县地区新生代钾霞橄黄长岩具有贫SiO_2和Al_2O_3,富CaO、Mgo、TiO_2及K_2O Na_2O的特征,矿物组合中除橄榄石、辉石外,普遍含有霞石、黄长石、白榴石和磁铁矿等矿物。火山岩的∑REE为97.82×10~(-6)～639.1×10~(-6)。岩石以强烈富集大离子亲石元素(LILE,如Rb、Ba、K、Sr)和高场强元素(HFSE,如Nb、Th、Ta、P、Zr、Hf等)为特征具有Pb和Ti的负异常。火山岩具有相对高的~(143)Nd/~(144)Nd比值(0.512007～0.512130,ε~(Nd)= 3.4～ 5.8)和相对低的~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr比值(0.703374～0.704726)。~(206)Pb/~(204)Pb、~(207)Pb/~(204)Pb和~(208)Ph/~(204)Ph的比值范围分别为18.088～19.112,15.476～15.626和38.071～39.680。岩石的微量元素和Sr、Nd和Pb同位素特征显示其与洋岛玄武岩(OIB)的地球化学特征相似。源区组成显示了亏损地幔端元DM、HIMU端元和富集地幔端元EMII这三种地球化学端元混合的特征。     

Resolution Control for Balancing Overview + Detail in Spatial, Multivariate Analysis

Parallel coordinates, re-orderable matrices, and dendrograms are widely used for visual exploration of multivariate data. This research proposes an approach to systematically integrate the methods in a complementary manner for supporting multi-resolution visual data analysis with an enhanced overview+detail exploratory strategy. The paper focuses on three topics: (1) dynamic control across resolutions at which data are explored; (2) coordination and color mapping among the views; and (3) enhanced features of each view designed for the overview+detail exploratory tasks. We contend that systematically coordinating the views through user-controlled resolutions within a highly interactive analysis environment will boost productivity for exploration tasks. We offer a case study analysis to demonstrate this potential. The case study is focused on a complex, geographically referenced dataset including public health, demographic and environmental components.     

极隙区Pc 3脉动特性的短基线研究

南极中山站和戴维斯站(不变磁纬74.5°)白天中午位于磁层极隙区,两站均安装了完全相同的感应式磁力计,选择1997年3月和1996年6、9、12月两站的数据,运用快速傅里叶变换和波形检查方法选择Pc3脉动事件,然后用信号互谱技术进行统计分析.结果如下:在中山站-戴维斯站,Pc3脉动主要出现于白天,尤其是中午/磁中午附近;Pc3脉动振幅及发生率均在6月份最小,在其他月份大些;Pc3脉动传播方向,白天主要向西.这些可能反映了电离层电导率和日侧电离层电流系统对Pc3脉动的影响.     

Selection of Multifractal Scaling Breaks andSeparation of Geochemical andGeophysical Anomaly

1Multifractalities have been observed and estimated formany quantities in physics, chemistry, as well as earth andspace sciences (see a review in Agterberg, 20011 Cheng,1999al Agterberg et al., 1993 1 Schertzer and Love joy, 1991).The multifractal theory has provided a superior distributiontype for describing the complex measures in comparison withthe ordinary statistical distributions. The former usually involves the multiple moments and parameters (Cheng, 1999alAgterberg et al., 1993 1 Sc…