海洋古生产力重建初探──以南沙群岛海区NS90-103柱样为例

以南沙海区ＮＳ９０－１０３柱样为例，利用各种古生产力指标物，如有机碳含量，有孔虫壳和有孔虫碳同位素，重建了２０００００ａ以来古生产力变化，并对结果予以讨论。     

Pollen-based reconstructions of Holocene vegetation and climatic change of Tibetan Plateau

A synthesis of Holocene pollen records from the Tibetan Plateau shows the history of vegetation and climatic changes during the Holocene. Palynological evidences from 24 cores/sections have been compiled and show that the vegetation shifted from subalpine/alpine conifer forest to subalpine/alpine evergreen sclerophyllous forest in the southeastern part of the plateau; from alpine steppe to alpine desert in the central, western and northern part; and from alpine meadow to alpine steppe in the eastern and southern plateau regions during the Holocene. These records show that increases in precipitation began about 9 ka from the southeast, and a wide ranging level of increased humidity developed over the entire of the plateau around 8-7 ka, followed by aridity from 6 ka and a continuous drying over the plateau after 4-3 ka. The changes in Holocene climates of the plateau can be interpreted qualitatively as a response to orbital forcing and its secondary effects on the Indian Monsoon which expanded northwards     

Responses of CO2 in surface water in subtropical West Pacific to El Niño event

In order to investigate the relationships between the change of TCO2, △PCO2 and SST, current, upwelling and biological activities during El Nin(～)o event in the subtropical Pacific, the responses of TCO2 and △PCO2 in surface water in the subtropical Pacific during El Nin(～)o and La Nina have been simulated using a three-dimension carbon cycle model with biota pump. The results of numerical simulations show that TCO2 in sea water increases with reducing of SST during mature phase of El Nin(～)o in the subtropical West Pacific . At the same period , the Kuroshio in this region was weakened , the zonal currents were divergence , the upwelling carried the water with high concentrations of CO2 to the sea surface , so both of TCO2 and △PCO2 in surface water were increased . But TCO2 and △pCO2 were decreased during La Nina period. These simulated results confirmed the observations in 1982/1983 , 1986/1987 ,1991/1995 and 1997/1998 El Nin(～)o events .     

末次冰消期以来东海内陆架沉积物磁化率的环境意义

对末次冰消期以来东海内陆架沉积物磁化率的影响因素及其蕴含的古环境信息进行了探讨.对位于浙闽沿岸泥质沉积中心附近的EC2005孔沉积物磁化率、岩性、粒度、常量元素、矿物以及AMS<'14>C测年数据进行了综合分析,得出以下主要结论:EC2005孔沉积物磁化率的变化受多种因素的制约,不同层位的主要控制因素不同,60.20～...     

浅谈新一轮海洋功能区划修编——以山东省为例

海洋功能区划(2011—2020年)的实施,为海域审批管理、协调各行业用海、海洋环境保护等方面提供了重要依据。生产用海逐年大致呈减少趋势,而生态用海面积大致呈增加趋势。用海项目的结构变化反映了海洋功能区划的协调作用,对优化海洋产业结构,转变经济增长方式具有积极的作用。通过对现行海洋功能区划的研究,新一轮的海洋功能区划修编在以下几个方面提出了建议:(1)区划范围应扩大至毗邻区或更远距离。(2)保留区的划定应该慎之又慎,对各个保留区的管理要求和管控措施应该因地适宜。(3)矿产能源区的划定应重点应为海上风电、海水淡化、潮汐能等海洋可再生能源。(4)海域基本功能分区不仅要合理增加兼容功能,而且要明确兼容功能的量化指标。(5)避免出现自然岸线保有率等目标缺少管理法规和可操作性的问题。     

Nonlinear tidal waves in a kind of estuary with gradually varying cross-section

-Nonlinear tidal waves in a kind of estuary are studied in the paper using one-dimensional nonlinear hydrody-namic equations with friction. The estuary has exponentially varying width B=B0 e-bx and uniform depth h. The one-dimensional hydrodynamic equations are solved by perturbation method. It was found that our solution included two special cases, Pelisenpeki's solution and Airy's solution. The former can be got by letting b=0 in our solutions, and the latter by setting 6 = 0 and f= 0 (f is linear frictional coefficient). In terms of the second-order solution, the physical mechanism of nonlinear tidal waves in estuaries with gradually varying cross-section is explored. It is shown that, under the assumption of linear friction coefficient, shallow water constituent waves consist of two parts, one is produced by shallow water nonlinear effect outside the estuary, the other is generated by shallow water nonlinear effect inside estuary. In addition, the physical mechanism of the residual tidal current and     

黑潮延伸体上游中尺度涡场的年代际振荡及其相关机制

黑潮延伸体上游区域的中尺度涡场的涡动能和涡特征尺度存在显著地年代际振荡,和黑潮延伸体路径的年代际变化有很好的相关性。当黑潮延伸体路径比较稳定时,其上游区域涡动能比较高,涡特征尺度比较大,反之相反。通过对黑潮延伸体上游区域的中尺度涡场进行集合分析发现:当黑潮延伸体处于稳定状态时,上游涡场几乎是各向均匀地,有轻微的径向伸长;而当黑潮延伸体处于不稳定状态时,上游的中尺度涡场有显著地纬向伸长。对与中尺度涡场的产生相关的线性斜压不稳定和正压不稳定进行了计算分析,结果显示,线性斜压不稳定不是控制中尺度涡场年代际变化的机制,而正压不稳定对中尺度涡场的年代际变化有积极的贡献。不稳定产生的中尺度涡之间存在非线性涡-涡相互作用。     

深海鲣鱼(Katsuwonus pelamis)眼窝油中DHA和EPA的提取及其抗抑郁活性研究

为了探索鲣鱼(Katsuwonus pelamis)鱼头眼窝肉中的DHA(C22:6n3)和EPA(C20:5n3)的抗抑郁活性效果,采用现代食品分离技术分离提取鲣鱼眼窝肉中的DHA和EPA,并对其抗抑郁活性效果进行研究。研究结果发现,当DHA和EPA剂量分别为50,100和300mg/kg时,能够对强迫游泳实验和悬尾实验的小鼠产生抗抑郁作用,其中低剂量(50mg/kg)表现为最活跃。DHA和EPA还能够对引起头抽动综合征的5-羟色胺小鼠产生轻微的增强作用。通过高效液相色谱-电化学法同时测定小鼠大脑区域内主要的单胺类神经递质及其代谢产物。本实验发现,与用压力媒介物处理的小鼠相比,DHA和EPA能够显著增加主要神经递质5-羟色胺和去肾上腺素在小鼠海马体、下丘脑及皮质层中的浓度,并减少5-羟色胺的代谢。DHA和EPA能够在预测抗抑郁特性的动物模型中(强迫游泳实验,悬尾实验)明确其具有抗抑郁活性效果,具有潜在的生物医学应用前景和环保效应。     

水井测温在地热普查中的应用

利用水井测温方法确定恒温层温度,以恒温层的温度值作为湖顶地热异常区的下限值,用内插法勾绘温度等值线图,高于该下限值范围的即为地热异常区。曹县庄寨地区的地热普查证明该方法是快速有效的。     

中国陆架海绿石分布特征及其意义

本文根据实际资料,简要概括了中国大陆架海绿石的分布规律和形成环境。海绿石的富集区与氧化环境,粗粒沉积和残留沉积区相一致。该研究为恢复古沉积环境提供了依据。