硫化物饱和的和硫化物未饱合的科马提岩熔融体的化学和热力模拟

科马提岩熔融体的化学的和热力的模拟试验进行了我们对卡姆巴尔达型镍矿床成因的认识。化学模拟的价值明显地受工程使用资料的质量的限制。现有的模式是以Rajamani和Naldrett(1978)提出的镍分配系数的实验测定为根据的。这些系数是在1200℃和1300℃间温度的玄武岩熔融体在未知S及O逸度条件下测定的。如果把这些资料用于模拟科马提熔融体的分馏,就可外推更多超镁铁质成分和超过1500℃温度条件下的结果。     

湘南区域地层地球化学特征及其成矿意义

在系统统计湘南地区出露地层各类岩石成矿元素丰度，总体平均含量，浓度克拉克值和叠加强度参数基础上，结合湘南地区成矿特点，分析了Ｗ，Ｓｎ，Ｐｂ，Ｚｎ，Ｓｂ等元素的成矿作用，初步认为湘南地区仅沉积作用，海底火山作用及热卤水作用难以形成上述元素的大型矿床，但通过沉积改造，热液叠加作用有可能形成层控型铅，锌矿床和锑矿床。     

用断裂力学模型对地震前兆进行分类

目前在地震前兆的观测方面，普遍趋向于将最突出的地震前兆根据可能有的预警时间归类于一种地震发生的模型．例如，Rikitakc(1987)最近收集了418个日本的地震前兆异常，并按照前兆时间作了分类．虽然在可靠性和统计意义上变动很大，但是这种经验观测至少可以分出4种截然不同的类型，     

RETRIEVAL OF HORIZONTAL WIND PERTURBATION FIELDS FROM SIMULATED SINGLE DOPPLER RADAR OBSERVATIONS*

The application of the single Doppler radar dataset analysis is usually confined to the assumption that the actual wind is linearly distributed or uniform locally.Following some dynamic features of convective weather,a conceptual model of moderate complexity is constructed,wherewith a horizontal wind perturbation field is retrieved directly from the single Doppler radar measurements.The numerical experiments are based on a 3-D cloud model-generated convective cell,whose radial velocity component is taken as the radar observations that are put into the closed equations based on the conceptual model to retrieve the horizontal wind perturbation field.After the initial field is properly treated,the retrieval equation is solved in terms of the 2-D FFT technique and the sensitivity to noise is examined.Finally,contrast analysis is done of the retrieved and the cloud model output wind fields,indicating the usefulness of the approach proposed in this paper.     

用微型干涉仪测地终端设备(MITES)测量基线的精度估计

<正> 1980年12月17日将轻便的MITES天线(见Bull.Geod.53,139—163,1979)设在Haystack天文台附近三座测量标志的顶部。这些天线获得了全球定位系统卫星(NAVSTAR/GPS)的射电干涉测量结果,经过分析后,便确定了这些测量标志之间的基线向量。     

大尺度云系的飞机观测

前言 飞机的机动性和灵活性使我们能够在大尺度云系移经我国时进行云的微物理观测。对风暴连续几天的飞行观测,可以得出粒子尺度的分布以及含水量是如何随时间和空间变化的。美国空军地球物理实验室使用MC-130E飞机对大尺度风暴系统进行了探测,先后对从美国中南部移到东海岸的三个风暴系统进行了观测,飞机飞进风暴测量了粒子尺度和类型、体积直径中位数、含水量以及温     

A precise monitoring of snow surface height in the region of Lambert Glacier basin-Amery Ice Shelf,East Antarctica

The net surface snow accumulation on the Antarctic ice sheet is determined by a combination of precipitation, sublimation and wind redistribution. We present a one-year record of hourly snow-height measurements at LGB69 (70°50'S, 77°04'E, 1850 m a.s.l.). east side of Lambert Glacier basin (LGB), and 4 year record at G3 (70°53'S, 69°52'E, 84 m a.s.l.), Amery Ice Shelf (AIS). The measurements were made with ultrasonic sensors mounted on automatic weather stations installed at two sites. The snow accumulation at LGB69 is approximately 70 cm. Throughout the winter, between April and September, there was little change in surface snow height (SSH) at the two sites. The negative SSH change is due to densification at LGB69, and is due to both ablation and densification at G3. The strongest accumulation at two sites occurred during the period between October and March (accounting for 101.6% at LGB69), with four episodic increasing events occurring during 2002 for LGB69, and eight events during 1999-2002 for G     

短周期面波的自动检测算法

给出了一种短周期瑞雷(Rg)波的自动检测器,其目的是用于三分量台站所记录到的区域(<2.5°震中距)事件。该检测器以17～22s的瑞雷波自动检波方法为模型;我们已经修改了用在近距离和短周期的算法。我们对该检测器在印度中部一群定位很好的矿山爆破和该地区一组地面实测事件进行了检验。Rg波检测器结合了半自动的事件检测系统和定位算法,并被用在连续数据上。为进行前置滤波,对傅里叶方法和基于小波的方法进行了评估。在小波前置滤波后,我们看到了用Rg波检测器估算的后方位角标准偏差的样本,它与系列事件fk3CP波的后方位角相当。结果表明,用Rg震相后方位角定位与用小信噪比的初至震相后方位角定位这两种方法是兼容的。相对于傅里叶前置滤波而言,我们更推荐小波前置滤波,因为在近距离上,在低信噪比的背景上检波,小波前置滤波的一致性更好。     

Air--sea gaseous exchange of PCB at the Venice lagoon (Italy)

Water bodies are important storage media for persistent organic pollutants (POPs) such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and this function is increased in coastal regions because their inputs are higher than those to the open sea. The air-water interface is extensively involved with the global cycling of PCBs because it is the place where they accumulate due to depositional processes and where they may be emitted by gaseous exchange. In this work the parallel collection of air, microlayer and sub-superficial water samples was performed in July 2005 at a site in the Venice lagoon to evaluate the summer gaseous flux of PCBs. The total concentration of PCBs (sum of 118 congeners) in air varies from 87 to 273 pg m(-3), whereas in the operationally defined dissolved phase of microlayer and sub-superficial water samples it varies from 159 to 391 pg L(-1). No significant enrichment of dissolved PCB into the microlayer has been observed, although a preferential accumulation of most hydrophobic congeners occurs. Due to this behaviour, we believe that the modified two-layer model was the most suitable approach for the evaluation of the flux at the air-sea interface, because it takes into account the influence of the microlayer. From its application it appears that PCB volatilize from the lagoon waters with a net flux varying from 58 to 195 ng m(-2)d(-1) (uncertainty: +/-50-64%) due to the strong influence of wind speed. This flux is greater than those reported in the literature for the atmospheric deposition and rivers input and reveals that PCB are actively emitted from the Venice lagoon in summer months.