新疆民丰县卧龙岗-黄羊岭锑成矿带找矿潜力

新疆民丰县卧龙岗-黄羊岭锑成矿带位于昆仑山西段,该带内已经发现硝尔库勒大型锑矿床、卧龙岗中型锑矿床、黄羊岭小型锑矿床及其他锑矿床(点)等11处,为目前西昆仑地区工作程度最高的锑资源潜力地区。通过对带内已知矿床的研究分析,建立了该区的锑矿找矿模型,为昆仑山今后的锑矿勘查提供重要的理论指导。     

江苏连云港藤花落遗址孢粉记录研究

对江苏连云港藤花落遗址两个剖面的55个样品进行孢粉分析,对比Rb/Sr,结果表明：1）龙山文化出现之前,银杏科、胡桃科、榆属、常绿栎属、桑属百分含量高,松属、云杉属少,莎草科含量很高,藜、蒿花粉含量很低,植被特征以落叶阔叶树为主。2）龙山文化早期,木本花粉含量逐渐降低直至处于低谷期,草本花粉逐渐占主导。胡桃、枫杨、落叶栎、桑等阔叶树数量显著减少,松的数量显著增加,草本花粉中藜科、蒿属含量少,莎草科、香蒲属数量仍较高,此时植被特征为含少量针叶树种的落叶阔叶林,林下草本植物繁盛。Rb/Sr较低,推测该阶段可能存在显著的降温;草本花粉中,禾本科花粉占主导地位,说明人类活动影响显著;木本花粉百分含量、Rb/Sr变化波动较大,可能存在气候突变事件。3）在龙山文化之间的自然沉积层,乔木和灌木数量增加,草本数量减少,木本植物占优势。落叶栎、栗、榆、桑含量高,出现常绿栎,莎草科数量很低,水龙骨数量多,此时为含常绿树种的落叶阔叶树为主的植被特征。4）龙山文化晚期,木本植物占优势。在乔木和灌木植物中,榆属、常绿栎属、落叶栎属、枫杨属数量较高,含少量的银杏科、松属;草本植物中,藜科、蒿属植物数量少,莎草科植物含量高,反映了含常绿成分的亚热带落叶阔叶林景观,此时,Rb/Sr值较高,因此推测此时的气候较温暖湿润。5）藤花落遗址地层记录了4500~4000aB.P. 植被与气候环境信息,响应于中国东部季风区中晚全新世转型期间由暖湿转向温凉干燥的气候环境变化特点。     

宁夏典型城市地下水水源地保护研究

地下水是水资源的重要组成部分。通过对宁夏现有地下水水源地大量资料的分析总结,在宁夏典型城市水源地保护研究的基础上,从污染防治、散井与集中供水水源地关系,井群干扰与井间距等方面给出了水源地保护的参考数据及建议。     

Open burning of wastes as the source of environmental contamination by POPs

In the paper the procedure for and results of a test study of a few persistent organic pollutants - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon （PAH）, polychlorinated biphenyls （PCB） and hexachlorobenzene （HCB） emission from the open burning of different types of wastes （domestic wastes, agricultural debris, landscape cleating debris, etc.） are discussed. The open burning of agricultural debris and landscape-clearing debris is widely applied in rural areas and small towns and in allotment gardens for the recovery of that part of wastes that can not be utilized for compost preparation. This process is most typical during the autumn season and to a lesser degree during spring. Burning occurs usually in bon fires. Burning modes differ depending on the volume of material burnt, the waste moisture content, the weather conditions, etc. During this process part of domestic wastes （polluted wood, paper, chipboard, films, plastics, etc.） are burned also. Investigations included the collection and preparation of combustible material, the simulation of open burning processes, particulate and gas emission sampling, chemical analysis of sample and data processing. Sampling procedures and sample preparation were agreeable to the emission sampling standards. The aerosol and vapour phases of POPs were collected by ordinary sampling train with pumping of waste gases through filter and solid sorbent （polyurethane foam）. For the measurements of PAH in emission, gas chromatography and mass spectrometry were used which make it possible to identify and determine 16 PAH compounds in the samples; this method was used for HCB determination also. Gas chromatography with ECD detector was used for PCB measurement. It was detected that the levels of PAH emission from wastes uncontrolled burning of wastes vary greatly. Influencing factors are composition and properties of refuse, temperature and mode of burning, level air supply. Generally, the increase of content of wood leads to the increase of PAH in emission. PAH emission also increased with increasing temperature of burning. The highest PAH values are characteristic of emissions from domestic refuse burning. Practically, all naphthalene, acenaphthylene, acenaphthene （from 60% to 100% of their total mass） and fluorene （14%-99%） were emitted in gaseous form.     

Tectonics induced switching of provenance during the Late Quaternary aggradation of the Indus River Valley,Ladakh, India

The Indus River flows through Ladakh, one of the driest and coldest places on earth, in a tectonically active domain. Fluvial, glaciofluvial, lacustrine and debris dominated sequences represent the Late Quaternary sedimentary record along the river course. Karakoram Fault, a major crustal scaled feature reported to be active during the Quaternary, is associated with the Indus River drainage. Linkages between a major, active fault and deposits formed during the activity period of the fault are explored using heavy mineral deduced provenance and Optically Stimulated Luminescence(OSL) chronology.Five deposits in a ~200 km long stretch of the Indus River have been examined for a ~80 ka period to decipher the climate linked aggradation history. Damming of the Indus River at ~79 ka and existence of the Spituk Lake for >30 ka is demonstrated. Using geology of the provenance in relation to the mineralogical attributes of the Quaternary deposits, the major drainage reorganization when the connection of the Tangtse Valley to the Indus was blocked, is inferred at ~73 ka. It is supported by the geologicalgeomorphological evidence. The study demonstrates the application of provenance linked mineralogy in terrestrial aggradation in a tectonically active region.     

山东崂山花岗岩形成时代——锆石SHRIMP U-Pb定年

白垩纪崂山超单元花岗岩由二长花岗岩、正长花岗岩、碱长花岗岩类组成,自早到晚存在明显的富钾演化特征。根据新的SHRIMP U-Pb锆石定年结果,该超单元早期相浮山亚超单元的浮山二长花岗岩年龄为（120±2）Ma,晚期相崂顶亚超单元的崂山碱长花岗岩年龄为（114±2）Ma。所以,可把崂山超单元花岗岩时代限定在110～120 Ma之间（早白垩世）,其形成与华北克拉通岩石圈减薄有关。     

土体水分蒸发研究进展

土体水分蒸发是土体-大气物质和能量交换的主要过程之一,对土体的工程性质有重要影响,是许多工程和环境问题的直接诱因,但长期被本学科所忽视。基于国内外近些年来其他学科领域围绕土体水分蒸发问题所取得的研究成果,分别从土体蒸发量确定方法、试验方法、蒸发过程、影响因素及理论模型等几个重要方面总结了该课题的研究现状及进展,取得如下主要认识：（1）准确确定土体的实际蒸发量是土体水分蒸发研究的核心课题,目前主要有理论计算法和直接测量法两种途径;（2）开展蒸发试验是掌握土体水分蒸发过程和研究土体水分蒸发机制的重要途径,目前主要有室内试验和原位试验两种。相比而言,基于环境箱的室内蒸发试验方法具有较好的应用前景;（3）土体水分的蒸发过程可划分为3个阶段：常速率、减速率和残余阶段;（4）影响土体水分蒸发的因素归纳起来可分为内部土性和外部环境因素两类,前者主要影响土体水分的传输能力,后者主要影响蒸发能量的供应强度;（5）当前关于土体水分蒸发量的计算和预测模型较多,但往往存在误差大、适应范围窄或参数难于获取等不足。基于上述认识,并结合本学科的研究背景,提出了今后该课题的研究重点和方向,包括减速率阶段的蒸发机制、土性参数与蒸发速率之间的量化关系、黏性土尤其是膨胀土中水分的蒸发和迁移机制、高精度原位土体水分蒸发试验设备的研发和构建通用型的土体水分蒸发理论模型等。     

不同地质雷达测量参数对数据采集效果的影响

地质雷达探测技术的根本环节就是数据采集.通过结合工程实例来探讨不同的地质雷达测量参数对数据采集效果的影响,从而为以后的探测工作提供依据,提高探测质量.     

狭窄巷道小定向钻机及配套泥浆泵车的研制

针对现有定向长钻孔钻机在煤矿井下狭窄巷道及复杂地层条件应用存在的诸如结构体积偏大、功能结构与施工工艺匹配需改善、附属设备配套及操控性差等实际问题,研制了窄体型小定向钻机成套装备,通过现场工业性试验和长期推广应用验证了产品的性能与可靠性。阐明了该套设备的研制思路和必要性,以及解决的关键技术问题。