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601.
渝利铁路青石岩段为深切河谷型边坡,该边坡表部岩体在风化缷荷作用下结构复杂且稳定性差。此外,浅表层岩体在降雨、地震及工程开挖等影响下,局部已经出现了不同模式不同规模的变形失稳现象,严重影响工程建设和运营期间的安全。因此,本文根据边坡岩体结构特征及风化缷荷特征等工程地质条件,结合不同失稳模式的危岩体,提出了相应的稳定性评价理论和方法。最后,针对不同规模和不同稳定状态下的危岩体提出了有效的防治措施。 相似文献
602.
苏北超高压变质带是秦岭—大别造山带的东延部分,所产出的榴辉岩有三种类型,分别为产于片麻岩中的G类榴辉岩、产于大理岩中的M类榴辉岩和产于蛇纹岩中P类榴辉岩。地球化学研究表明,三类榴辉岩的原岩复杂多样,源岩为下地壳或上地幔的基性-超基性岩,兼具大陆和大洋玄武岩的特征,富含TiO2等有用组分,是金红石矿床的成矿母岩。金红石矿床的形成是华北、扬子两大板块俯冲碰撞的结果,金红石成矿作用的强弱与岩性、构造、变质变形作用等密切相关。榴辉岩中含有金红石、钛铁矿、磷灰石、石榴子石、绿辉石等多种有用矿物,具有较高的综合利用价值。 相似文献
603.
胶质芽孢杆菌胞外多糖在肥料矿物分解转化中的作用 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
本文探讨了胶质芽孢杆菌胞外多糖在细菌分解转化矿物过程中的作用。将事先提取的胞外粗多糖按一定浓度梯度与矿粉混合,24 h后再次提取多糖称重,证实多糖与矿粉颗粒之间的吸附现象。计算结果表明,矿粉对多糖的吸附随多糖量的增加而呈较明显的增长,之后增幅逐渐趋于平缓。在无氮培养基中添加不同种类矿粉培养细菌,然后分别提取粗多糖和较纯多糖,发现矿物种类对胶质芽孢杆菌多糖的分泌有显著影响。添加含有细菌所需矿质养料的矿粉在培养液中,胞外多糖含量相对增高,说明细菌分泌胞外多糖受到矿物化学组成的影响,即细菌胞外多糖的产生与它们对矿物养料的需求和矿物的风化过程有密切联系。 相似文献
604.
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606.
鄂尔多斯盆地东北部是煤炭、石油、天然气、砂岩型铀矿等有机矿产共存的代表性地区之一,煤系烃源岩作为原始物质,在多种能源矿产成藏(矿)过程中起着重要作用。从煤系层序地层格架及沉积体系分析入手,分析了鄂尔多斯盆地东北部侏罗纪煤系烃源岩的种类、岩性、聚积环境、发育程度、时空分布等。结果表明,煤系烃源岩随时间在纵向上的变化与盆地的演化阶段相一致,盆地相对稳定期,烃源岩发育程度最好,初始和退覆充填期次之;空间上总体分布为由北向南,自西向东,层数增多,厚度增大。该区广泛发育的煤系烃源岩为多种能源矿产形成奠定了物质基础,其时空分布对多种能源共存成藏格局具有初始控制作用。 相似文献
607.
Since the late Quaternary Period, the rapid rising of the northeastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau has greatly changed the East
Asian climate and formed different regional monsoon climates. Various microstructures of the loess in northern China have
formed under a variety of climatic conditions. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy spectrum analysis are used
in this paper to study the relationship between the indexes of loess microstructures and the forming climates, and the indexes
include the diameter of sand grains, Ca/Fe value and the characteristic shapes of the loess from SEM microstructures pictures.
In terms of their respective climatic circumstances, the major microstructures of regional loess may be classified into nine
categories according to their forms and particle sizes, such as loess formed in near-sand source, loess of granule sand dropping,
and loess formed in hot and rainy places, i.e. with the loess SEM pictures, climates of about 15 ka b.p. in different places may be evaluated. In conclusion, the clear and distinguishable loess microstructures and their indexes
in the Loess Plateau of China can also deduce the evolution of climate, such as warm or cold and wet or dry, and even sandstorm
activities when the loess is deposited. 相似文献
608.
Baohong Chen Kaiwen Zhou Kang Wang Jigang Wang Sumin Wang Xiuwu Sun Jinmin Chen Cai Lin Hui Lin 《海洋学报(英文版)》2022,41(1):1-2
This research investigated eight stations in Clarion-Clipperton Fracture Zone(CCFZ) in the eastern tropical Pacific in 2017 to study the spatial distribution characteristics of nutrients and chlorophyll a(Chl a) concentration,and compared nutrient concentrations and molar ratios with those of other investigations 20 years ago in the same area. The study found that dissolved inorganic nutrient(N, P and Si) concentrations were lowest in the upper layer, and increased from surface to some depths, t... 相似文献
609.
Shuo Chen Renhai Pu Huiqiong Li Hongjun Qu Tianyu Ji Siyu Su Yunwen Guan Hui Zhang 《海洋学报(英文版)》2022,41(9):86-106
The Dongfang1-1 gas field (DF1-1) in the Yinggehai Basin is currently the largest offshore self-developed gas field in China and is rich in oil and gas resources. The second member of the Pliocene Yinggehai Formation (YGHF) is the main gas-producing formation and is composed of various sedimentary types; however, a clear understanding of the sedimentary types and development patterns is lacking. Here, typical lithofacies, logging facies and seismic facies types and characteristics of the YGHF are identified based on high-precision 3D seismic data combined with drilling, logging, analysis and testing data. Based on 3D seismic interpretation and attribute analysis, the origin of high-amplitude reflections is clarified, and the main types and evolution characteristics of sedimentary facies are identified. Taking gas formation upper II (IIU) as an example, the plane distribution of the delta front and bottom current channel is determined; finally, a comprehensive sedimentary model of the YGHF second member is established. This second member is a shallowly buried “bright spot” gas reservoir with weak compaction. The velocity of sandstone is slightly lower than that of mudstone, and the reflection has medium amplitude when there is no gas. The velocity of sandstone decreases considerably after gas accumulation, resulting in an increase in the wave impedance difference and high-amplitude (bright spot) reflection between sandstone and mudstone; the range of high amplitudes is consistent with that of gas-bearing traps. The distribution of gas reservoirs is obviously controlled by dome-shaped diapir structural traps, and diapir faults are channels through which natural gas from underlying Miocene source rocks can enter traps. The study area is a delta front deposit developed on a shallow sea shelf. The lithologies of the reservoir are mainly composed of very fine sand and coarse silt, and a variety of sedimentary structural types reflect a shallow sea delta environment; upward thickening funnel type, strong toothed bell type and toothed funnel type logging facies are developed. In total, 4 stages of delta front sand bodies (corresponding to progradational reflection seismic facies) derived from the Red River and Blue River in Vietnam have developed in the second member of the YGHF; these sand bodies are dated to 1.5 Ma and correspond to four gas formations. During sedimentation, many bottom current channels (corresponding to channel fill seismic facies) formed, which interacted with the superposed progradational reflections. When the provenance supply was strong in the northwest, the area was dominated by a large set of delta front deposits. In the period of relative sea level rise, surface bottom currents parallel to the coastline were dominant, and undercutting erosion was obvious, forming multistage superimposed erosion troughs. Three large bottom current channels that developed in the late sedimentary period of gas formation IIU are the most typical. 相似文献
610.
Sea ice growth and consolidation play a significant role in heat and momentum exchange between the atmosphere and the ocean. However, few in situ observations of sea ice kinematics have been reported owing to difficulties of deployment of buoys in the marginal ice zone (MIZ). To investigate the characteristics of sea ice kinematics from MIZ to packed ice zone (PIZ), eight drifting buoys designed by Taiyuan University of Technology were deployed in the open water at the ice edge of the Canadian Basin. Sea ice near the buoy constantly increased as the buoy drifted, and the kinematics of the buoy changed as the buoy was frozen into the ice. This process can be determined using sea ice concentration, sea skin temperature, and drift speed of buoy together. Sea ice concentration data showed that buoys entered the PIZ in mid-October as the ice grew and consolidated around the buoys, with high amplitude, high frequency buoy motions almost ceasing. Our results confirmed that good correlation coefficient in monthly scale between buoy drift and the wind only happened in the ice zone. The correlation coefficient between buoys and wind was below 0.3 while the buoys were in open water. As buoys entered the ice zone, the buoy speed was normally distributed at wind speeds above 6 m/s. The buoy drifted mainly to the right of the wind within 45° at wind speeds above 8 m/s. During further consolidation of the ice in MIZ, the direct forcing on the ice through winds will be lessened. The correlation coefficient value increased to 0.9 in November, and gradually decreased to 0.7 in April. 相似文献