内蒙狼山地区的控矿构造研究

狼山地区中元古代沉积了一套具拉张型过渡壳性质的岩石建造,并混有含矿火山喷发物质。中元古代晚期褶皱回返过程中,经历了多次断裂作用和褶皱变形。在狼山南东缘,顺层滑动断裂和逆冲推覆构造导致了热液蚀变和混合岩化,促使成矿元素迁移到裂隙发育、有利交代作用的白云石大理岩中富集成矿。狼山北西侧,则由于强烈的褶皱叠加作用,促使矿层在褶皱转折端等有利部位加厚,形成厚大工业矿体。从而提出了东升庙型的断裂控矿模式和霍各乞型褶皱控矿模式。     

荧光催化动力分析法测定痕量钌

在碱性介质中,痕量Ru对邻羟基苯基荧光酮与H_2O_2的氧化还原反应有催化作用。据此,本文拟定了高灵敏测Ru的荧光催化动力学方法。实验操作简单,Ru的检出限为5×10~(-11)g/ml。     

吉林省双阳地区油气地球化学勘探及物化探多参数研究

本文探索了综合物化探方法在吉林省双阳地区寻找油气藏的有效性实验。研究结果表明土壤吸附烃(甲烷、乙烷、丙烷、丁烷)、土壤碳酸盐蚀变(ΔC)等指示的异常,地震油气检测所指示的异常,放射性地球物理勘探能谱及~(218)Po异常,均可在已知油气藏上方获得特定的显示。由此可以建立起综合物化探油气异常模式,应用此异常模式予测了双阳地区的含油气远景区,并随后在此区中的刘3井中获得了高产油气流。本文还应用了模糊综合判别的方法,使多参数综台研究半定量化,得到了比较好的效果。     

台风自身动力学过程(CISK)对其移动的影响

台风的移动是一个既重要又复杂的气象问题,虽然已经有过许多分析研究,但仍有不少问题没有搞清楚。在台风路径预报中,目前用得较多的方法之一是所谓“引导气流法”,它把台风作为一个“质点”,其移动只受外部流场的引导。不考虑台风自身动力学过程的影响,可能是引导气流法出现台风路径预报误差的重要原因之一。因为实际台风是一种极为活跃的天气系统,不能视其为完全被动的“质点”。除了外界环境(引导气流)对台风的移动有影响外,台风本身的动力学过程和结构也必然对其移动有不可忽视的作用。 根据第二类条件不稳定理论,台风的形成和发展是积云对流和天气尺度低压扰动间正反馈的结果。     

Analyses and calculation facts of the baroclinic term in synoptic-scale motion over tropics

Analyses are made of all terms in the vorticity equation for the atmosphere at low latitudes by using the scale analysis theory, with the result that for synotic-scale motion the baroclinic term, i. e. the twisting term and the vorticity vertical-transport term, approximates in order to the relative-vorticity advection, divergence and β term. With intensified atmospheric disturbance ratios of the β term to others become smaller while the others stay in more or less fixed proportions between them. This statement has been confirmed by the results of 22 typhoons calculated covering a large area in low latitudes. Besides, the baroclinic term for the genesis and development of 6 typhoons over 1979－1980 is calculated and the results ob-tained show that it has significant effect. Finally, the baroclinicity is shown not to be ignored in dealing with synoptics and dynamics of synoptic-scale systems such as typhoons and easterly waves.     

Progress of Tracing Fossil Fuel CO2 by Radiocarbon in Chinese Cities

The main cause of increase in atmospheric CO₂ concentration is the carbon emissions from fossil fuel combustions and so on. Cities are regarded as the hot spots of carbon emissions. On the basis of obtaining the levels and spatial-temporal variation characteristics of atmospheric fossil fuel CO₂ （CO_2ff）， we can provide scientific data for government policy-making and international negotiations on carbon reductions. In the recent ten years， some important progresses have been achieved in the study of tracing urban atmospheric CO_2ff using ¹⁴C by Chinese scientists. The variation characteristics of urban CO_2ff at different temporal and spatial scales were obtained through the analysis of ¹⁴C in air， tree ring and annual plant samples. Our results show that the northern cities are the key points to reduce carbon emissions， and that the CO_2ff emissions can be reduced simultaneously by controlling atmospheric pollutant emissions， indicating a synergistic emission reduction. It was found that CO_2ff in Xi'an was mainly from local coal-burning emissions with the use of improved WRF-CHEM model and δ¹³C. Finally， the yearly CO_2ff traced by tree-ring ¹⁴C in Xi'an showed similar trends and amplitudes with the statistical data of carbon emissions， which indicates that the ¹⁴C tracing method and statistical method can be mutually validated to ensure the reliability of the data. In order to promote the ¹⁴C trace study to serve the national carbon emission reduction task， we suggest that the urban atmospheric Δ¹⁴CO₂ observation network should be established as soon as possible， and that this study should be enhanced with more scientists involved in it and more financial resources to support it.     

安徽沙溪斑岩型铜金矿床含矿裂隙分布的定量模型

本文通过对普通块段克立格法编制的沙溪斑岩型铜金矿床的岩芯含脉率及铜含量的立体表面图的分析，认识了岩芯含脉率及铜含量的空间变化趋势，查明了裂隙发育程度和铜矿化强度的相关性。研究表明裂隙发育在一定程度上控制着铜矿的形成。岩芯含脉率和铜含量间的关系为探讨矿床的成因提供有益的信息。     

唐山－河间－磁县新生地震构造带

地震构造研究往往注重那些形成历史长且规模较大的活动断裂带。实际上还存在一种与现代地质环境和区域应力状态基本保持一致的最近构造阶段新发育的断裂带，即新生断裂带。地震活动与这两种构造带关系密切。根据地震和地质构造等资料分析认为，唐山－河间－磁县地震带是一条晚第三纪开始发育的新生地震构造带。     

四川冕宁稀土矿床包裹体研究

在四川冕宁稀土矿霓辉重晶伟晶岩和碳酸岩矿体的早期萤石，石英中发现了大旺的流体－熔融包裹体。包裹体的捕获温度高于５００℃，说明两类矿体来典型的盐熔体结晶产物。研究还显示，在矿石矿物氟碳铈矿中，存在着大量的流体包裹体，这说明矿床的稀土矿化与热液作用有成因联系，成矿温度为１５０－２７０℃。所有研究结果均证明，四川冕宁矿床是一个与盐熔体有关的热液稀土矿床。     

地幔热柱成矿作用研究进展

地幔热柱构造是地球内部热传导的基本形式，只是地球的不同演化阶段其表现形式和强度有所不同。研究表明，燕山期强烈的地幔热柱活动沟通了深部成矿物质来源，金、银等元素随地幔热柱多级演化以气态→气—液混合相向上运移，在地幔热柱演化的三级单元——幔枝构造的有利部位聚集成矿。并据幔枝构造的成矿模式提出了华北地区燕山、秦岭、太行、胶辽等主要成矿集中区都是河淮地幔亚热柱控制下的幔枝成矿系列。成矿作用均伴随有强烈的构造—岩浆活动，成矿时代多集中在２６０～１２０Ｍａ。金、银多金属矿床具明显的相似性、同源性和深源性