基于ArcIMS的城市电子地图设计与开发

WebGIS技术的日趋成熟和推广应用为城市电子地图的实现提供了很好的技术支持.本文在分析ArcIMS和城市电子地图功能特点的基础上,探讨了基于ArcIMS的城市电子地图的设计与开发,重点研究了查询和专题地图功能的实现方法,实现了城市电子地图的网络发布、浏览、查询等主要功能,对于开发简便实用、查询快捷的城市电子地图具有较好的应用参考价值.     

航海通告编发模式的研究与进展

通过回顾改革开放以来航海通告发布工作的发展历程,重点是应用“航海通告数字化综合编辑出版系统”的情况,对航海通告编发技术的改进和发展进行全景分析,并对今后航海通告的发展提出设想。     

一株菲降解细菌的筛选及其 降解条件的优化

Use subimate-pethod,a PAHs-degrading bacteria was isolated from the surface seawater of Botan oil port im Xiamen,and was denominated as strain H.The strain H was classified to Sphingomonas genus according to its 16Sr DNA sequence.The HPLC result showed that the stain H had degraded 81.9% of phenanthrene(final conc.400mg/L)within five days and the velocity is 5.95mg/(L.h).Using uciform design experimentation to optimize the degradation conditions,the degradation velocity of phenanthrene(498.46726mg/L)was the largest after 47.09892 hours,the density of cells was 0.5(OP₆₀₀).     

全站仪测距常数检定新方法

现行的光电测距仪检定规程JJG 703-2003所规定的比较法要求野外测量工作量较大。在保证检定结果精度提高的前提下,说明了全站仪与因瓦尺比对法及简单解析法两种测定加常数的操作方法和计算公式,提出了使用加常数修正野外基线测量距离后单独计算测距乘常数的思想,分析了各种方法的测量精度,利用多台全站仪的实测数据进行了计算。结果说明,加乘常数分离检定法与目前普遍实行的联合检定法比较,具有可靠性更好、精度相当、外业工作量少50%等特点。     

中性网格对圆桩局部冲刷的水动力弱化及防护效果分析

针对水下桩墩的局部冲刷问题,提出一种适用范围广、防冲促淤效果显著的防护措施。该防护措施把一种相对密度略大于水、几何特征特殊的中性网格结构完全覆盖在冲刷坑或可能出现冲刷坑的床面上,以减弱冲刷坑内水动力,促进泥沙落淤,达到减轻局部冲刷的目的。通过数值模拟和水槽试验探讨了中性网格结构对圆桩周围冲刷坑内水动力及床面形态的影响,并研究了网孔尺寸对防冲促淤效果的影响规律。结果表明：该中性网格结构能显著减小局部冲刷坑内的流速,有效抑制局部冲刷,且对桩前来流来沙的影响微弱。孔径比7.7的网格防护结构可以使无黏性沙床上圆桩的局部冲刷深度减少92%,已存在的冲刷坑则可被修复73%。这些研究成果为桩墩局部冲刷防护提供一种新的思路。     

南沙群岛永暑礁泻湖岩心的氨基酸与沉积环境

南沙群岛永暑礁小泻湖南永3井的高分辨率岩心系统揭示了环礁泻湖近1682aBP来的沉积柱样的氨基酸组成和含量，其垂直变化同该岩心的有机孔虫丰度、微型腹足类丰度和δ^18O含量的垂直变化基本一致，反映了沉积环境及其变化。南沙群岛珊瑚礁区与中国及全球的历史气候变迁是同步的。     

南沙群岛永暑礁泻湖岩心的高精度TIMS铀系年龄

用高精度 TIMS铀系方法测定了南沙群岛永暑礁泻湖 5 .90 m长的岩心沉积物样品 ,结果表明 ,由于混合 ,表层样品年龄相近。混合层下的沉积物年龄随深度呈有规律的增加。以最小二乘法拟合 ,岩心底部与顶部的相对年龄相差 16 35 a,其误差小于 1%是比较合理的 ,据此校正混合层以下的年龄 ,而混合层和柱中个别异常的年龄值 ,改用沉积速率内插求出 ,从而得出了系统的环礁泻湖沉积的高精度 TIMS铀系地质年龄 ,其底部 5 .90 m的年龄为 (16 82± 15 ) a BP,即 317A D。     

Contrasts between estuarine and river systems in near-bed turbulent flows in the Zhujiang (Pearl River) Estuary, China

A bottom-mounted instrumental tripod was deployed in the tidally energetic Zhujiang (Pearl River) Estuary to examine the contrasting properties of the bottom boundary layer (BBL) flows between estuarine and tide-affected river systems. Three aspects of the BBL flows were investigated to understand the mechanism of the turbulence responses to the large-scale ambient forcing: the flow structures (profile, anisotropy, and spectra), shearing strains and stresses, and the balance of turbulent kinetic energy (TKE). Single log-law profiles and turbulence anisotropy predominated in the two systems, but the non-log regime and stronger anisotropy occurred more frequently at the slack tide in the estuary. The ADV-based turbulence intensities and shearing strains both exceeded their low-frequency counterparts (frictional velocities and mean shears) derived from the logarithmic law. On the contrary, the ADV-based Reynolds stresses were smaller than the log profile-derived bottom stresses, so the hypothesis of a constant stress layer cannot be well satisfied, especially in the river. The bandwidth of the inertial subrange in the river was of one decade larger than in the estuary. The balance between shear production and viscous dissipation was better achieved in the straight river. This first-order balance was significantly broken in the estuary and in the meandering river, by non-shear production/dissipation due to wave-induced fluctuations or salinity/sediment stratification. All these disparities between two systems in turbulence properties are essentially controlled by the anisotropy induced by the large-scale processes such as secondary currents, density stratification. In conclusion, the acceleration of unsteady flows determines the profile structure of the BBL flow, and turbulence anisotropy results in the invalidation of the phenomenological relations such as the constant stress hypothesis and the first-order TKE balance.     

大亚湾人工鱼礁区浮游植物的种类组成和生物量研究

于2005年11月、2006年5月及2006年12月,对大亚湾人工鱼礁投放区、拟投放区和对照区浮游植物的种类组成及生物量进行了研究.合计观察到藻类种类67种.主要由硅藻门(48种)和甲藻门(13种)组成,同时还有少量蓝藻、绿藻和着色鞭毛藻门等其他藻类(6种).优势种类主要有尖刺拟菱形藻、菱形海线藻、尖刺菱形藻等硅藻类和又状甲藻、海洋原甲藻及海洋原多甲藻等甲藻类,这些优势种类均为可能引发赤潮的赤潮生物.人工鱼礁区的藻类数量和叶绿素含量均比对照区高,说明人工鱼礁的投放促进了藻类的生长:人工鱼礁区和拟投放区的Shannonweaver多样性指数高于对照区,进一步表明人工鱼礁的投放增加了藻类的生物多样性.综合浮游植物的种类组成、生物量及多样性指数的结果表明:人工鱼礁的投放促进了浮游植物的生长,增加了生物多样性,但藻类的优势类群是可引发赤潮的赤潮生物,对海洋水环境具有极大的潜在威胁.     

凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)即食虾仁在常温保藏中的货架期预测及品质分析

采用化学分析、质构检测及动力学模型建立等方法, 对凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)即食虾仁在常温保藏中的细菌总数、TVB-N值、pH值、质构特性、色差值及感官评价等参数进行测定。以挥发性盐基氮TVB-N作为货架寿命的关键指示因子, 利用Arrhenius法预测常温流通高水分即食调味虾仁的货架寿命。计算结果Ea为65.26kJ/mol, k0为6.04×109, 进一步推算得到在20℃和25℃常温流通条件下, 即食虾仁产品的货架期为148.61d和94.1d。在25℃保藏3个月的虾仁虽在细菌总数、TVB-N值、pH值、感官评分、质构、色差值等方面均发生了一些变化, 但都在安全范围之内, 不影响其食用价值。本研究为常温流通的即食虾仁产品开发奠定了理论基础。